Task 5 – Review _ Step 1:

Presentación Task 5 – Review Marlise Poveda Rincon Course: English Phonetics 518014 Tutor: Martha Jimena Linares Monroy Group: 89 Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con enfasis en ingles Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia Mayo 28-2023

Choose five consonant sounds, and name the manner, place of articulation, and articulators involved in their sound production. Also, you have to tell if this is voiced or voiceless. Also, give two examples of words per consonant sound, Finally, add images to show the articulation of the sounds.

1. Sound: /p/Manner of Articulation: Stop (also known as plosive) Place of Articulation: Bilabial (both lips) Articulators: Upper and lower lips Voiced or Voiceless: Voiceless. Examples: "pat," "poke"

2.Sound: /m/ Manner of Articulation: Nasal Place of Articulation: Bilabial (both lips) Articulators: Upper and lower lips Voiced or Voiceless: Voiced Examples: "mat," "make

3. Sound: /s/ Manner of Articulation: Fricative Place of Articulation: Alveolar ridge (the ridge behind the upper front teeth) Articulators: Tongue tip and alveolar ridge Voiced or Voiceless: Voiceless Examples: "sit," "song"

4: Sound: /n/ Manner of Articulation: Nasal Place of Articulation: Alveolar ((the tongue behind the upper front teeth) Articulators: Tongue tip and alveolar ridge Voiced or Voiceless: Voiced Examples: "net," "nose"

5.Sound: /k/ Manner of Articulation: Stop (also known as plosive) Place of Articulation: Velar (back of the tongue against the soft part of the roof of the mouth) Articulators: Back of the tongue and soft part of the roof of the mouth Voiced or Voiceless: Voiceless Examples: "cat," "cake"

1. Bilabial: The articulation involves both the upper and lower lips. Examples of bilabial sounds include /p/, /b/, and /m/.2. Labiodental: The lower lip comes into contact with the upper front teeth. An example of a labiodental sound is /f/. 3. Dental: The tip of the tongue makes contact with the upper front teeth. An example of a dental sound is /θ/. 4. Alveolar: The articulation occurs when the tongue tip or blade contacts or approaches the alveolar ridge, which is the ridge behind the upper front teeth. Examples of alveolar sounds include /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /n/, and /l/. 5. Postalveolar: The articulation involves the tongue tip or blade making contact or approaching the area just behind the alveolar ridge, known as the postalveolar region. Examples of postalveolar sounds include /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, and /dʒ/. 6. Palatal: The middle of the tongue contacts or approximates the hard palate. An example of a palatal sound is /j/. 7. Velar: The back of the tongue makes contact or approximates the soft part of the roof of the mouth (the velum). Examples of velar sounds include /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/.

Choose two diphthongs and create a diagram where you have to mark the movement of those sounds.

Diphthong: əʊ Word: Go. Slow. Diphthong: eə Word: Pair, Lair Diphthong: ɪə Word: Here. Near. Diphthong: eɪ Word: Bake. Rain.

Define what is a content word and give two examples.

In linguistics, a content word refers to a word that carries the main meaning or content of a sentence. Content words typically convey specific lexical information and include nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. They are essential for conveying the core message and providing details in a sentence. Here are two examples of content words: "Elephant": This is a noun that represents a large, herbivorous mammal with a long trunk, prominent tusks, and a thick, gray skin. It carries the main meaning and refers to a specific type of animal. "Running": This is a verb that describes the action of moving swiftly on foot, with both feet off the ground at the same time. It conveys an action and provides information about how someone or something is moving.

Define what is a function word and give two examples

A function word, also known as a grammatical word or a structural word, is a type of word that serves a grammatical or functional role in a sentence. Unlike content words, which convey semantic meaning, function words primarily provide a framework for the structure and organization of a sentence. They often indicate relationships between other words and help convey grammatical information.

Two examples of function words are:

Preposition: Prepositions show relationships between words in a sentence, typically indicating location, direction, time, or manner. Examples of prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "for," and "to." For instance, in the sentence, "The book is on the table," the word "on" is a preposition that shows the relationship between the book and the table.

Conjunction: Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses. They join different parts of a sentence or combine multiple sentences. Examples of conjunctions include "and," "but," "or," "if," and "because." For example, in the sentence, "I like coffee, but I don't like tea," the word "but" is a conjunction that connects two contrasting statements.

Define falling intonation and write two sentences as examples.

Falling intonation refers to a pitch pattern in speech where the pitch contour descends or drops at the end of a sentence or phrase. It is commonly used to convey statements, commands, or finality.

Here are two examples of sentences with falling intonation:

"I am going to the store." In this sentence, the pitch starts at a higher level and descends towards the end on the word "store," indicating a statement of fact or a simple declaration.

"Close the door." The pitch starts at a relatively high level and drops on the word "door," emphasizing the command or directive to close it. The falling intonation adds a sense of finality to the sentence.

Define raising intonation and write two sentences as examples.

Raising intonation, also known as upward or high-rising intonation, refers to the pitch pattern in spoken language where the pitch of the voice rises towards the end of a statement, turning it into a question-like or uncertain tone. It is commonly used to indicate a request for clarification, doubt, or uncertainty.

Examples:

You're going to the party tonight? (The rising pitch at the end indicates uncertainty or seeking confirmation.)

I thought we were meeting at 7? (The rising intonation conveys a question-like tone, seeking clarification or confirmation.

bibliographic references.

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter one: Phonetics and Phonology definition and distinction. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 1-3). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Two: The Mechanism of Speech Sounds. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 5-12). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_5

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Three: Articulation of English Sounds. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 15-20). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_15

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Four: Examples of Consonants and Vowels of English in Words. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 29-44). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_29

VIMEP. (2020). Instructivo para la usabilidad de Normas internacionales de citación APA 7a Edición [PDF]. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. https://repository.unad.edu.co/static/pdf/Norma_APA_7_Edicion.pd

Murcia, Y. (2020). Articulatory Sound System [H5P]. https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/49860

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Five: The Suprasegmentals. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 45-46). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_45

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Six: The English Stress. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 51-63). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_51

Iyabode, O. D. (2011). Chapter Seven: Rhythm. In Introductory Phonetics and Phonology of English. (pp. 65-67). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.c om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=523847&lang=es&site=ehostlive&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_65

Thank you

¡Muchas gracias!