MARPOL PRESENTATION

1973/1978

MARPOL

THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS

MARPOL 73/78

What is?

1. MARPOL 73/78

It's one of the most important international marine environmental conventions. It was developed by the IMO (International Maritime Organization) with the principle objective to minimize the pollution of the oceans and the seas, including dumping, oil and air pollution.

IMO

1. MARPOL 73/78

The MARPOL convention is one of the three "Key Conventions" adopted by the IMO.It was first entry into force in the 1973, by the IMO, and soon after, in the 1978, it was radically modified by the International Conference on Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention (TSPP Conference). In fact the original MARPOL has never entered into force, instead the new MARPOL + 1978 Protocol entry into force in the 1983. The new 1978 Protocol was created because in the period from the 1976 to the 1977 there were a lot of accidents that involve tankers ship, pouring out tons of oil in the Ocean. The most serious was in the 1979 with the Atlantic Empress.

MARPOL received other changes in the 1997 when were introduced the Annex VI concerning on the air polluttion from the ships

1. MARPOL 73/78

The Marpol Convention applies to all the ships that flying the flag of a signatory State or operating under his authority even with another flag, excluding the military units and all the ships used by the State for pleasure.

The Convention is costantly updated by the MEPC (Marine Environmeent Protection Committee), that depends from the IMO

The articles 5,6 and 7 also determine the items to be checked during the PSC (Port State Control) inspection visits.

1. MARPOL 73/78

The Convention is composed by 20 articles, 3 protocols and 6 annexes.In the 20 articles we find the general provisions, definitions, inspections, scope, etc.

1. MARPOL 73/78

The three protocols are:

PROTOCOL I

PROTOCOL OF 1997

PROTOCOL II

Referred to in Article 10 of the Convention and related arbitration between Contracting States for disputes on the application of the rules;

Referred to in Article 8 of the Convention and relating to reporting of incidents involving harmful substances;

The one that introduced the Annex VI;

1. MARPOL 73/78

The six Annexes are:

ANNEX I

ANNEX III

ANNEX II

Control of pollution by noxious liquid substances.Is mainly concerned with liquid chemicals transportedin bulk and with a certain degree of toxicity, for the people and the ambient, are divided into 4 categories:

• Category x;
• Category Y;
• Category Z;
• Other Substances.

Prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form. The main regulatory reference is made to the IMDG Code.

Prevention of pollution by oil.This annex regulate the production on board, and subsequent landfill or delivery to land, of washing water dirty, in the introduction of special areas, where the requirements are more stringent, and in important interventions construction and operation of oil tankers.

1. MARPOL 73/78

The six Annexes are:

ANNEX IV

ANNEX VI

ANNEX V

Prevention of pollution by sewage from ships. Deals with the prevention of sewage originating from ships. He also divide the sewage into:

• Black water;
• Grey water;

Prevention of pollution by garbage from ships. Applies to all ships and treats pollution prevention from waste originating from ships. To regulate the dumping of waste at sea, Annex V introduces some special areas, largely similar to those established by Annex I.

Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships. He also regulates the management of volatile organic compounds, incineration processes on board and fuel availability and quality.

SPECIAL AEREAS ANNEX I

• The Mediterranean Sea area;
• The Baltic Sea area;
• The Black Sea area;
• The Red Sea area;
• The Gulfs Sea area;
• The Gulf of Aden area;
• The Antartic area;
• The North West Europeans waters;
• The Oman area of the Arabian Sea;
• The Southern South African waters.

SPECIAL AEREAS ANNEX V

• The Mediterranean Sea area;
• The Baltic Sea area;
• The Black Sea area;
• The Red Sea area;
• The Gulfs Sea area;
• The North Sea area;

• The Antartic area;
• The Wider Carribean Region

THE MAIN CERTIFICATES

to demonstrate compliance with the MARPOL Annexes

• ISPP (International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate)

• IOPP (International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate)

• NLS (International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances

• IAPP (International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate)

1. MARPOL 73/78

The impact of this convention is significant. It has led to a substantial reduction in the amount of oil and other substances discharged into the sea. And also the convention contribute to improvements the vessels design and operations.

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THANKS!

ANDREA SEBASTIANO ARDITA 5L