THE CONDITIONALS (inverted/mixed)

3

1

Conditionals

Inverted

2

Importante

MixedConditionals

THIRD CONDITIONAL: if + subject + past perfect simple, subject + would + have + past participle. INVERSIÓN: Had + subject + past participle, subject + would have + past participle. EJEMPLOS: If we had known you were going to get married, I would have sent you a present to congratulate you on it. Had we known you were going to get married, I would have sent you a card to congratulate you on it. Nuevamente suprimimos «if» y hacemos una inversión del past participle, es decir, ponemos «had» en primera posición, seguido del sujeto y del past participle. El resto de la condicional permanece igual.

SECOND CONDITIONAL: if + subject + past simple, subject + would + infinitive. INVERSIÓN: WERE + SUBJECT + TO INFINITIVE, SUBJECT + WOULD + INFINITIVE. EJEMPLOS: If you met your company’s expectations, you would get a promotion. INVERSIÓN: Were you to meet your company’s expectations, you would get a promotion. Volvemos a quitar «if», poniendo en su lugar la forma del verbo to be en plural, «Were», seguido de sujeto y to infinitive, y la segunda parte de la condicional, la dejamos igual.

1ST CONDITIONAL: if + subject + present simple, subject + will + infinitive. INVERSIÓN: SHOULD + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE, SUBJECT + WILL + INFINITIVE. EJEMPLOS: If you need further information, I’ll be happy to provide it. INVERSIÓN: Should you need further information, I’ll be happy to provide it Lo que hacemos aquí es eliminar «if», poner en su lugar «Should» (que NO significa aquí deber) seguido de infinitivo. Esto la primera parte de la condicional, y la segunda, igual que en su forma normal (sin inversión), es decir, sujeto + will.

FORMA NEGATIVA: La regla es la misma, lo único que tenemos que utilizar en las tres formas es «not» sin contraer. Así quedarían las anteriores oraciones en negativa:

1. Should you not require further information, they will still offer you some.
2. Were you not to meet your company’s expectations, you wouldn’t get the promotion your boss promised you.
3. Had I not known you were going to get married, I wouldn’t have sent you a card to congratulate you on it.

Mixed third/second conditional We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the past (third conditional) with a present result (second conditional). We use past perfect in the if clause and would/could/might + infinitive in themain clause. If I had been elected, I would be the president now.If I had won the lottery, I would be rich. Mixed second/third conditional We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the present (second conditional) with a past result (third conditional). We use past in the if clause and would/could/might + have + past participle in the main clause. If I were a man, they would have given me the job. If I didn’t have so much work, I would have gone to the party last night.

SHOULD + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE instead of IF + PRESENT SIMPLE

FIRST COND.

SECOND COND.

WERE + SUBJECT +TO + INFINITIVEinstead ofIF + PAST SIMPLE

THIRD COND.

HAD + SUBJECT+ PAST PARTICIPLEinstead ofIF + PAST PERFECT