HOMINIZATION
Human origins:
- The study of human origins involves figuring out how and when human beings began to exist.
- Scientists have many different theories.
- The process by which one type of living thing develops into another type is called evolution.
- The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin (1859): species need to evolve/adapt in order to survive.
- Modern humans evolved in stages from a series of ancestors:
1. The bodies of these ancestors changed over time.2. Their brains became larger. 3. The jaws and teeth became smaller. 4. Began walking upright on two feet and using tools. 5. The shape of their legs, feet, hands, and other body parts changed.
FOSSILS
- Scientists have a fairly small amount of evidence to use in studying human origins.
- Most of this evidence comes from fossils, or the remains of living things preserved in the ground.
- The study of fossils is called paleontology.
- In Africa, Asia, and Europe scientists have found the bones and tools of human ancestors who lived millions of years ago.
HOMINIS
Today only one species, or type, of hominin exists—modern humans. In the past, two or more species of hominin often lived at the same time.Australopithecines: Are the earliest hominins. Fossils show that they lived in Africa from roughly 5 million to 2.5 million years ago. Had small brains, could climb trees easily, walked on two feet. One of the most famous fossils is “Lucy”. All species of humans belong to a scientific group within the hominin tribe called Homo (“man”) Homo habilis: Existed more than 2 million years ago. Had larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws. They used stone tools to butcher animals. Homo erectus: Existed more than 1.5 million years ago, used fire to cook food. Homo Neanderthals: Lived about 100,000 years ago. Used specialized tools to survive.
Homo sapiens: Developed about 35,000 years ago. Tools were made of bones and horns.
HOMINIZATION
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Transcript
HOMINIZATION
Human origins:
- Modern humans evolved in stages from a series of ancestors:
1. The bodies of these ancestors changed over time.2. Their brains became larger. 3. The jaws and teeth became smaller. 4. Began walking upright on two feet and using tools. 5. The shape of their legs, feet, hands, and other body parts changed.FOSSILS
HOMINIS
Today only one species, or type, of hominin exists—modern humans. In the past, two or more species of hominin often lived at the same time.Australopithecines: Are the earliest hominins. Fossils show that they lived in Africa from roughly 5 million to 2.5 million years ago. Had small brains, could climb trees easily, walked on two feet. One of the most famous fossils is “Lucy”. All species of humans belong to a scientific group within the hominin tribe called Homo (“man”) Homo habilis: Existed more than 2 million years ago. Had larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws. They used stone tools to butcher animals. Homo erectus: Existed more than 1.5 million years ago, used fire to cook food. Homo Neanderthals: Lived about 100,000 years ago. Used specialized tools to survive. Homo sapiens: Developed about 35,000 years ago. Tools were made of bones and horns.