Freud's Theory - ID EGO SUPEREGO

sigmund Freud

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Sigmund Freud (1856—1939) Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis

According to Sigmund Freud, human personality is complex and has more than a single component. He states that personality is composed of three elements known as the id, the ego, and the superego. These elements work together to create complex human behaviors.

Elements of Personality

According to Freud's theory, certain aspects of your personality are more primal and might pressure you to act upon your most basic urges. Other parts of your personality work to counteract these urges and strive to make you conform to the demands of reality.

Elements of Personality

ID

Ego

Super Ego

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ID

- According to Freud, the id is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of personality. - The id is the only component of personality that is present from birth. - This aspect of personality is entirely unconscious and includes instinctive and primitive behaviors.

ID

The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state of anxiety or tension. The id is very important early in life because it ensures that an infant's needs are met. If the infant is hungry or uncomfortable, they will cry until the demands of the id are satisfied.

EGO

- According to Freud, the ego develops from the id and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world. - The ego functions in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind. - The ego is the personality component responsible for dealing with reality

EGO

Everyone has an ego. The ego operates based on the reality principle, which strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways. The reality principle weighs the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon impulses.

EGO

Freud compared the id to a horse and the ego to the horse's rider. The horse provides power and motion, while the rider provides direction and guidance. Without its rider, the horse would wander wherever it wished and do whatever it pleased. The rider gives the horse directions and commands to get it where it wants it to go.

- According to Freud, the superego begins to emerge at around age five. - The superego holds the internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from our parents and society (our sense of right and wrong). - The superego provides guidelines for making judgments.

SUPEREGO

The superego has two parts: 1) The conscience includes information about things that are viewed as bad by parents and society. These behaviors are often forbidden and lead to bad consequences, punishments, or feelings of guilt and remorse. 2) The ego ideal includes the rules and standards for behaviors that the ego aspires to.

SUPEREGO

The superego tries to perfect and civilize our behavior. It suppresses all id's unacceptable urges and struggles to make the ego act upon idealistic standards rather than on realistic principles. The superego is present in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.

SUPEREGO

The Interaction of the Id, Ego, and Superego

When talking about the id, the ego, and the superego, it is important to remember that these are not three separate entities with clearly defined boundaries. These aspects are dynamic and always interacting to influence an individual's overall personality and behavior.

What Happens If There Is an Imbalance?

According to Freud, the key to a healthy personality is a balance between the id, the ego, and the superego. Freud believed that an imbalance between these elements would lead to a maladaptive personality. On the other hand, an overly dominant superego might lead to a personality that is extremely moralistic and judgmental.

The voice of the intellect is a soft one, but it does not rest until it has gained a hearing.