GLOSSARY

DeepLearning

CrystallizedIntelligence

StandardizedTests

FluidIntelligence

Creativityand Innovation

SystemsThinking

Learning in the 21st Century: What is Essential now

Global Competences

SEMANTIC AND E.M

CONSTRUCTIVISM

FLUENCY

COGNITIVE LOAD

WORKING MEMORY

MULTICOMPETENCE

COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY

PRAGMATICS

MORPHOLOGYCAL AWARENESS

DIGITAL LITERACY

EXECUTIVE FUNCTION

DIVERGENT TINKING

THE BILINGUAL ADVANTAGE FOR MAIND AND BRAIN

CRITICAL TINKING

Crystallized intelligence (abbreviated Gc) is reflected in a person’s general knowledge, vocabulary, and reasoning based on acquired information. It is contrasted with fluid intelligence (see Fluid Intelligence) as one of the two factors of general intelligence first proposed by Cattell (1971). Crystallized intelligence is conceptualized as the product of experience, both cultural and educational, in interaction with fluid intelligence; people with higher levels of fluid intelligence will generally amass learnt information faster, allowing higher crystallized intelligence. Crystallized intelligence is measured by tests such as vocabulary and general knowledge type assessments.