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SYSTEM MEMORY NOTES

Nuraina Ashikin

Created on April 30, 2023

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Transcript

SYSTEM MEMORY

IMD 163 : COMPUTER SYSTEM OPERATION
SYSTEM MEMORY

MEMORY

VOLATILE

DEFINITION

  • Loses it contain
  • Temporary
  • Information is lost when the PC is turned off (RAM)

Set of electronic components that can stores data, program, and instruction waiting to be executed by the CPU

ROLES

+example
+example

The main role of memory is to store data and programs.

byte

Each storage unit in memory is called byte

NON-VOLATILE

address

  • Even if there is no power, the data is still retained
  • Permanent
  • Has a very high storage capacity

Each bytes located in memory called an address

types of memory

Volatile and Non-Volatile

+example
+example
system memory

memory

memory mapping

roles of memory

How computer is using the system memory 1. Base 2. Upper 3. Extended

  • Upgradability
  • Performance
  • Reliability & Stability
  • Software Support
system memory

BIOS VS CMOS

read only memory

DEFINITION : Chips of memory known as ROM (Read-Only Memory) are used to store instructions and data permanently.

+ROLES
ROLES

advantages of rom

TYPES OF ROM

+Info
+Info

pERMANENCE

+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
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+Info
+Info

SECURITY

+Info
+Info

EPROM

PROM

REGULAR ROM

EEPROM

SYSTEM MEMORY

RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY

RAM Chips

2. Static

3. Magnetoresistive

1. Dynamic

+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info
+Info

Main vs cache memory

DEFINITION : RAM (Random Access Memory ) also known as primary storage or main memory

+ROLES
+ROLES
+HOW RAM WORKS
+HOW RAM WORKS
System memory

Random access memory (RAM)

Memory Buses
Dynamic RAM
Dynamic RAM is a sort of RAM that only stores data if it is constantly accessed by specific logic known as a refresh circut.
The memory bus is a network of wires that transports memory addresses and data to and from the system RAM.
Static RAM
Virtual Memory
Static RAM is a sort of RAM that retains its data without the need for external refresh for as long as the circuit is powered.
Hard disk space used when a system starts to run low on RAM.
RAM Drives
Cache Memory
A RAM section that has been arranged as a virtual hard drive so that commonly used programs can be accessed more quickly.
A CPU cache used by a computer's central processor unit to reduce the average time to access memory.
FIRST SLIDE
system MEMORY

Troubleshooting

  1. Memory troubleshooting is an important step in ensuring the computer system's reliability.
  2. Rerun the setup program if a parity error is detected by the power-on diagnostics
  3. Electrical storms can cause problems with the computer's physical configuration. Also, if you're using an add-on memory card, try reseating it. Many inexplicable failures are caused by an improperly positioned memory card.
  4. Aside from that, double-check that any memory chips you've inserted are properly seated in their holders.
  5. Consider whether the chip access timings of the newly installed memory are faster than those of the old chips.
  6. Futhermore, we must ensure taht all of the memory chips are of the correct type :-verify memory speeds for compatibility)
  7. To avoid constant parity failures on some PC's, deactivate parity testing in the setup application.

Parity

RAM parity determines whether a random access memory unit saves a parity bit for error detection.

SYSTEM MEMORY

THANK YOU

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