ETA HISTORY PRESENTATION

ETA, half a century of terror

KINDNESS ESMERALDA IMAFIDON ASEMOTA 4ºA

This is an index

6. Leadership years5.1 What were they? 5.2 Why did ETA have popular support among the people

1. When was ETA born? ,its first steps and objectives and what is the dream of create Euskal Herria

7. The main attacks in Madrid

2. ETA 4.1 Democracy 4.2 Autonomy 4.3 Recovery of Basque culture

8. Euskal Herria Bildu, the political branch of ETA. Situation in the Basque Parliament

5. Murders of Gregorio Ordóñez and, above all, Miguel Ángel Blanco

1. When was ETA born? ,its first steps and objectives and what is the dream of create Euskal Herria

ETA was born on the 31 July 1959 and after more than half a decade, a letter dated 16 April 2018 that stated ETA has "completely dissolved all its structures and ended its political initiative" was made public finally by ETA on 2 May 2018. Between 1959 and 2018, ETA operated as an armed Basque nationalist and far-left separatist group in the Basque Country (in northern Spain and southwestern France). The organisation was established in 1959 and eventually transformed from an organization promoting traditional Basque culture into a paramilitary organization involved in a violent campaign of bombing, killings, and kidnappings across Spanish territory, particularly in the Southern Basque Country. Gaining independence for the Basque Country was its objective. The most significant Basque participant in the Basque struggle was ETA, which was the major organization inside the Basque National Liberation Movement.

The establishment of a socialist state in Euskal Herria, a collection of areas that Spain and France claimed as their own, was the terrorist group's political goal. The provinces of ÁLava, Vizcaya, Guipúzcoa, and Navarra in Spain, as well as Lapurdi, Baja Navarra, and Zyberoa in France, formed up Euskal Herria. Its theology, established at the first Assembly in 1962, was founded on the defense of representative democracy, Euskal Herria's independence, the Basque language, and ETA's designation as the "Basque Revolutionary Movement for National Liberation."

1. When was ETA born? ,its first steps and objectives and what is the dream of create Euskal Herria

In order to undermine the government and control the public in order to prolong the conflict, ETA waged a siege war[xvi]. Regarding this move, two explanations should be noted: first, the ETA strategy was created to take use of their comparative advantage and attack the inconsistencies of the central state. Therefore, while still under the dictatorship, ETA used its capacity for mobilization and global support to strike the regime's weakest point: legitimacy. But following Franco's death, it made deliberate attempts to undermine the new system by attacking the less-than-firm foundations of democracy. Second, and relatedly, Sánchez-Cuenca claimed that it was no longer unrealistic to think that ETA could rely on this tactic after the transition to democracy because they had failed to inspire and guide a revolutionary movement based on the people during the dictatorship.

As a result, it no longer drew support from the general public on the basis of economic inequality. In the first place, it was no longer a response to the evils of modernity and capitalism.On the other hand, the movement emphasized oppression and compared the Basque region to a colony in order to give its battle the appearance of a third-world national liberation rebellion. In addition, the Fascist regime's experience helped legitimize ETA and favorably influence Basque people's ideas on revolutionary combat. Second, it abandoned the religious and racial components of Basque classical nationalism and replaced them with a radical leftist ideology that was centered on ethnos.

1. When was ETA born? ,its first steps and objectives and what is the dream of create Euskal Herria

Euskal Herrianota is the name in Basque of the European territory in which Basque culture has developed. Located on both sides of the Pyrenees, it is usually divided into two parts called Iparralde (northern part), the French side, and Hegoalde (southern part), the Spanish side.6 Culturally and historically, its center or capital is set in Pamplona .

WEBGRAPHY

https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/serviciosdeprensa/notasprensa/Documents/Terrorismo_en_Espan%CC%83a_RESUMEN.pdf https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/eta-dictatorship-democracy

Genially