Periodic Table Lesson and ESCAPE ROOM

Organization of the Periodic Table Escape Room

Escape by demonstrating your understanding of the periodic table and by solving various puzzles.

start

Introduction

The periodic table has a two dimensional classification system. Meaning it is organized both horizontally and vertically.

The PERIODIC table has PERIODIC trends that occur throughout the table. We will spend time discussing these trends over the next couple of pages. First let's look at some basics about the periodic table.

Periods

The periodic table is organized by horizontal rows called periods. Within each period the atomic number increases from left to right. The atomic number is the number of protons within the element. Additionally, each element in a period has the same number of electron energy levels. Example: elements in period 1 (hydrogen and helium) each have one energy level.

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Elements in the same period have the same number of electron _ _

two words, plural

Great!

Elements in period 3 have how many energy levels?

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Elements in period 3 have how many energy levels?

Enter the password

Groups

The periodic table is also organized by vertical columns called groups and/or families. Just like you, whether you want to admit it or not, you have common characteristics with your family members (one day you will probably look like your mom and/or dad). Elements are no different. They have common physical and chemical characteristics with their families. Elements in the same group also have the same number of valence electrons (electrons in the highest occupied energy level or outermost level) that coincide with the group they are in. For example, elements in group 1 have 1 valence electron. Elements in group two have two valence electrons. This is important to know when we discuss bonding.

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Elements in the same group have the same number of _ _

two words, plural

More about groups

Use your knowledge (or click the info button) to answer the question below:

How many valence electrons do elements in group 16 have?

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How many valence electrons do elements in group 16 have?

Just enter the number

More about groups

You showed some knowledge about groups, let's try another one.

Which element is "stupid" because it only has 2 valence electrons even though it is located with elements that have 8?

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Which element only has 2 valence electrons but is placed like it has 8

element name, lower case.

Families

Specific families that we need to know

• Alkali metal family
• Alkaline earth metal family

• Halogen family
• Noble Gas family

Read the upcoming pages carefully because the page after is locked with a passcode from the information on the page.

Alkali Metal Family

Location: Group 1 Valence electrons: 1 Physical Characteristics: Shiny, silvery metals that are very soft and can be cut with a knife. Chemical Characteristics: Highly reactive, explode on contact with water.

Notice that hydrogen is not included. It is a nonmetal and not a part of the alkali metal family

How many valence electrons do alkali metals have?

Enter the password

Alkaline Earth Metal Family

Location: Group 2 Valence electrons: 2 Physical Characteristics: Shiny, silvery metals, low densities and melting points, and good conductors of electricity. Chemical Characteristics: Highly reactive (less reactive than elements in group 1), +2 oxidation number

How many valence electrons do alkaline Earth metals have?

Enter the password

Halogen Family

Location: Group 17 Valence electrons: 7 Physical Characteristics: poor conductors, found as diatomic molecules (two bonded together) Chemical Characteristics: Halogen="salt former" compounds containing halogens are called "salts". High electronegativity (attract electrons). Oxidation number is -1

What group is the halogen family located on the periodic table?

Enter the password

Noble Gas Family

Location: Group 18 Valence electrons: 8 (except helium has 2) Physical Characteristics: colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas Chemical Characteristics: non-reactive, their full valence (outer) level of electrons makes them uniquely stable and non-reactive (they don't need to bond/react because they are already stable)

Noble gases are highly reactive. Type "true" or "false"

type true or false

Periodic trends

What are periodic trends? They are repeated observable patterns that occur throughout the periodic table.

Let's look at a few.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a property that measures the tendency of an atom to attract electrons to form a bond. A higher electronegativity means a greater likelihood of attracting electrons.

Francium has the lowest electronegativity, whereas fluorine has the highest. Noble gas family does not attract electrons since they have a full valence level.

What element has the highest electronegativity?

All lower case

Ionization energy

Ionization energy basically describes the difficulty of removing an electron from the valence level. The higher the energy, the greater the attractive force.

Metals will willingly give up their electrons to have a full valence level. The noble gases hold tight to their electrons since they are already stable and full. Helium has the strongest ionization energy.

What element has the strongest ionization energy?

All lower case

Atomic Radius

Atomic radius is the measure of the atom's nucleus to the outermost electron shell. It might seem weird that the radius gets smaller as you move left along the period on the periodic table; however, more protons create a stronger pull and pull those electrons in.

Francium has the largest atomic radius.

Which element has the smallest atomic radius based on the table?

one word, lower case

Reactivity

Reactivity describes the ability of an atom to undergo a chemical reaction. It is dependent upon electronegativity and ionization energy.

Metals increase further left along the period and further down the group. Nonmetals increase further right along the period and further up a group.

What type of element increases in reactivity right to left in a period

All lower case, plural

Tests

Complete each test to beat the game: there is no other way to escape!

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Final Test

Test 4

Test 5

Test 1

1/5

Vertical columns have all of the following in common except

Same number of electron energy levels.

Same number of valence electrons

Similar physical and chemical properties.

Test 1

2/5

What family is filled with soft, silvery highly reactive metals that can be cut with a knife and explode on contact with water?

Noble Gas

Alkali Metal

Alkaline Earth Metal

Test 1

3/5

Which family is comprised of nonreactive elements that are colorless, odorless, and nonflammable?

Noble Gas

Halogen

Alkaline Earth Metal

Test 1

4/5

Which of the following is not a periodic trend?

Electronegativity increases from left to right and from the bottom to the top

Atomic radius increases from right to left across a period and from the top to the bottom in a group.

Electronegativity and ionization energy increase similarly (left to right, and bottom to top) on the periodic table.

The number of valence electrons increases as you move down the group on the periodic table.

Test 1

5/5

Which of the following is defined by the ease of removing an electron?

Reactivity

Electronegativity

Atomic Radius

Ionization Energy

Well Done! Move onto the next test! After you enter to the passcode. The clues to the numbered passcode are: hydrogen, sodium, and Rg. Find these elements and you will have your answer!

Find the atomic numbers of each.

Search the page for more hints!

Crack the code on the previous page.

Enter the numbers here.

1/5

Test 2

Which elements have 5 valence electrons?

Elements in Group 5

Elements in Group 15

Elements in Period 5

2/5

Test 2

Which element has 7 valence electrons?

Fluorine (F)

Francium (Fr)

Manganese (Mn)

3/5

Test 2

What element has the largest atomic radius?

Chlorine (Cl)

Aluminum (Al)

Potassium (K)

4/5

Test 2

Which element has 3 energy levels?

Chlorine (Cl)

Boron (B)

Scandium (Sc)

5/5

Test 2

Which element has 2 energy levels and 4 valence electrons?

Calcium (Ca)

Beryllium (Be)

Carbon (C)

Crack the code to get to the next page!Enter the three digit number on the next page.

Test 2

First number: The number of energy levels for radium (Ra). Second number: The number of valence electrons in argon (Ar). Third number: Hover your mouse over the alkali metal family.

Why was six scared of seven? Because....(enter passcode)

Enter 3-digit number here.

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

1/2

Vertical columns on the periodic table are called _____.

Groups

Periods

Ionization

Valence column

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

1/2

Elements in group 2 have _ valence electrons.

Valence electrons are not determined by group

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

1/2

Groups are sometimes called families because

it makes them easier to remember

they share the same number of energy levels

they share similar physical and chemical characteristics

...they aren't called families, periods are.

Solution

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

1/2

Sulfur (S) has _ energy levels and _ valence electrons.

6, 3

3, 6

2, 6

3, 16

Solution

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

1/2

What is the family (and password to the next page) located in group 1.

alkali metals

alkaline Earth metals

halogens

noble gas

Solution

This page is password protected

two words, lower case, plural

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

2/2

Which element has 2 energy levels and 7 valence electrons?

Radium

Bohrium

Fluorine

Chlorine

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

2/2

Which of the following best describes the periodic trend for reactivity?

Increases from left to right within a period

Increases from top to bottom within a group

Metals and nonmetals increase left to right and top to bottom

Metals increase right to left and top to bottom but nonmetals increase left to right and bottom to top.

Solution

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

2/2

What element has the same number of valence electrons and energy levels?

Helium

Lithium

Aluminum

Sulfur

Solution

Test 3 - What's Behind? - Answer questions to reveal the element (and passcode) that's behind.

2/2

Which family is located in group 18, considered chemically stable, non reactive, nonflammable, collorless, odorless, and the passcode to the next page?

alkali metals

alkaline Earth metals

halogens

noble gas

Solution

This page is password protected

two words, lower case, singular

Tests

Complete each test to beat the game: there is no other way to escape!

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Test 4

Test 5

Final Test

Test 4 - Periodic words - use your knowledge of the periodic table to figure out which element is being described. Write down the chemical symbol EXACTLY as it appears. It will spell a word which is your passcode to the next page.

1/3

1. Two valence electrons, six energy levels.2. two energy levels, four valence electrons. 3. two energy levels, six valence electrons. 4. two energy levels, five valence electrons.

Here's a couple of reminders (if needed)

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continue

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Type in the chemical symbols exactly, without spaces.

Enter the password

Test 4 - Periodic words - use your knowledge of the periodic table to figure out which element is being described. Write down the chemical symbol EXACTLY as it appears. It will spell a word which is your passcode to the next page.

2/3

1. Alkaline Earth Metal, period 6.2. two energy levels, group 15. 3. Alkali metal family with 4 energy levels.

Here's a couple of reminders (if needed)

+ info

continue

+ info

Type in the chemical symbols exactly, without spaces.

Enter the password

Test 4 - Periodic words - use your knowledge of the periodic table to figure out which element is being described. Write down the chemical symbol EXACTLY as it appears. It will spell a word that is your passcode to the next page.

3/3

1. Three energy levels, 5 valence electrons.2. One energy level, in group one but not an alkali metal. 3. Group 16 period 2. 4. Noble gas with two energy levels.

Here's a couple of reminders (if needed)

+ info

continue

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Type in the chemical symbols exactly, without spaces.

Enter the password

Tests

Complete each test to beat the game: there is no other way to escape!

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Test 4

Test 5

Final Test

Test 5 - Guess the element - only given a diagram of the energy levels and valence electrons, determine the element using your knowledge of the periodic table.

1/5

REMEMBER: Valence electrons = group (skip the dip) Energy levels = period

The nucleus is blacked out. Assume all energy levels inside are filled.

continue

Write the element symbol represented by the diagram.

Enter the password

Test 5 - Guess the element - only given a diagram of the energy levels and valence electrons, determine the element using your knowledge of the periodic table.

2/5

REMEMBER: Valence electrons = group (skip the dip) Energy levels = period

The nucleus is blacked out. Assume all energy levels inside are filled.

continue

Write the element symbol represented by the diagram.

Enter the password

Test 5 - Guess the element - only given a diagram of the energy levels and valence electrons, determine the element using your knowledge of the periodic table.

3/5

REMEMBER: Valence electrons = group (skip the dip) Energy levels = period

The nucleus is blacked out. Assume all energy levels inside are filled.

continue

Write the element symbol represented by the diagram.

Enter the password

Test 5 - Guess the element - only given a diagram of the energy levels and valence electrons, determine the element using your knowledge of the periodic table.

4/5

REMEMBER: Valence electrons = group (skip the dip) Energy levels = period

The nucleus is blacked out. Assume all energy levels inside are filled.

continue

Write the element symbol represented by the diagram.

Enter the password

Test 5 - Guess the element - only given a diagram of the energy levels and valence electrons, determine the element using your knowledge of the periodic table.

4/5

REMEMBER: Valence electrons = group (skip the dip) Energy levels = period

The nucleus is blacked out. Assume all energy levels inside are filled.

continue

Write the element symbol represented by the diagram.

Enter the password

Tests

Complete each test to beat the game: there is no other way to escape!

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Final Test

Test 5

Test 4

Use your knowledge to figure out the last codes! The code is the element symbol of the clue.

Test 6

Do you know any good jokes about an element with 1 valence electron and 3 energy levels?

Write the chemical symbol here:

Enter the password

Use your knowledge to figure out the last codes! The code is the element's name.

Test 6

That last sodium (Na) joke was so funny that I was slapping my (noble gas, 2 energy levels) that one!

Write the name of the element here.

one word, lower case

Test 6

Last one I promise. The passcode is the chemical symbols of the two elements below.

What two elements, when they get together, hurt? 1. Two energy levels, six valence electrons. 2. Element located in group 6, period 6.

This page is password protected

Enter the password

Mastered!

Congratulations, you have successfully completed the escape room!

Start over?

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That answer is not correct...

But don't lose your balance, continue on your way and try again!

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