Constructivism
How does a real school facilitate constructivist methods, while eliminating structural barriers to access?
Structural Racism
Pragmatism
Reseach Process
Thisunequal access magnifies educational debts already owed to children of color.
Schools that succeed at implementation often exist behind structurally racist barriers.
Putting constructivist theory into practice is a challenge.
Constructivism has many benefits, building strong critical thinking skills and a love oflearning.
Constructivism: a pedagogy which guides children in constructing their own knowledge (Lillard, 2017)
Montessori
Waldorf
Reggio Emilia
Experiential Learning
Creative Curriculum
Play Based Learning
High Scope
Project Construct
Problem Based Learning
Inquiry Based Learning
learn ways to bridge the gap between theory and practice
when implementing constructivist pedagogy
in a school without structurally racist barriers to access
A constructivist curriculum
Absence of structural barriers to access
Method: case study of a school with
Real implementation of its educational philosophy
Method
Problem
What challenges does this school face in bridging the gap between theory and practice?
What systems and practices allow it to navigate those challenges?
This study will describe the systems and strategies
which one accessible school uses
to implement constructivist pedagogy.
This will illuminate potential solutions to common challenges, such as high stakes testing, staffing, and underfunding.
Access: Absence of financial and geographic barriers to attendance
Public School
Percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunch statewide
50%
A district substantially below that percentage is assumed to have de facto access barriers
Center or Private School
Accessible via:
Walking
Transit (<1 hour)
School bus
Offers one or more of the following:
Head Start
State Subsidy
Sliding Scale
Scholarships
Purpose
Significance
Conceptual Framework
Research Questions
Structural Racism
Stokely Carmichael (Kwame Ture)
Charles V. Hamilton
City Garden Montessori Free/Reduced Lunch Rate: 24% Statewide rate: 50% Citywide rate: 100%
Guidepost Montessori Tuition: $1816/month
Maplewood/Richmond Heights District Early Childhood Center Free/Reduced Lunch Rate: 30% Statewide rate: 50%
Montessori Lab School Tuition: $1645/month
Urban Sprouts Tuition: $1000/month Scholarships Available
Current Racial Geography
Original Redlining Map
Montessori and Reggio Emilia Preschools
Median Income by Neighborhood
Constructivism
Scenes from a Montessori Morning
Inquiry learning in action
A Reggio Emilia exploration
Malaguzzi
Reggio Emilia
Montessori
Montessori Method
Bruner
Discovery Learning
Experiential Learning
Dewey
Charles Sanders Pierce
A Pragmatic View of Theory
JohnDewey
William James
A Pragmatic View ofTruth
RichardRorty
Pragmatism
References
Best Neighborhood (2018). The highest and lowest income areas in St. Louis, Missouri. Best Neighborhood. https://bestneighborhood.org/household-income-st-louis-mo/ ByronBodie. (2008, October 29). Jerome Bruner [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2H_swMUlOg Dewey, J. (2015). Democracy and education. Project Gutenberg. (Original work published 1916). https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/852/pg852-images.html Institute of Education Sciences. (2021). Digest of educational statistics. National center for education statistics. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d21/tables/dt21_204.10.aspJames, W. (2013). Pragmatism: A new name for some old ways of thinking. Project Gutenberg. (Original work published 1907). https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/5116/pg5116-images.html Justicemap.org. (2023, April 1). Justice map: Visualize race and income for your community and country. Justicemap.org. https://www.justicemap.org/index.php?giAdvanced=0#instruction_div Lillard, P.P. (1972). Montessori: A modern approach. Schocken.Malaguzzi, L. (2022). The 100 languages of children. Reggio Children. https://www.reggiochildren.it/en/reggio-emilia-approach/100-linguaggi-en/Montessori Lab School. (n.d.). Tuition and Affordability. Montessori Lab School. https://www.mtclabschool.org/tuition-and-affordability Muzzlewump. (2015, August 9). Little wonders learning center: Reggio Emilia approach [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/clip/UgkxY6QYxxtDDGsG5x1gbpnXF8yhrtZ1DBA- Philosophy Overdose. (2022, April 24). Richard Rorty on pragmatism and truth [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQnxVlLqgeY Public School Review. (2023). City Garden Montessori School. Publicschoolreview.com. https://www.publicschoolreview.com/city-garden-montessori-school-profile Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority.(2017, November 5). Higher order thinking [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHa99yXJk2Y Richardson, J., Mitchell, B.C., Meier, H.C.S., Lynch, E., & Edlebi, J. (2023). Redlining and neighborhood health. National Community Reinvestment Coalition. https://ncrc.org/holc-health/ Urban Sprouts Child Development Center (n.d.). Forms and Information. Urban Sprouts Child Development Center. https://www.urbansproutscdc.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=353022&type=d
The childis made of one hundred. The child has a hundred languages a hundred hands a hundred thoughts a hundred ways of thinking of playing, of speaking. A hundred always a hundred ways of listening of marveling of loving a hundred joys for singing and understanding a hundred worlds to discover a hundred worlds to invent a hundred worlds to dream. The child has a hundred languages (and a hundred hundred hundred more) but they steal ninety-nine.
The school and the cultureseparate the head from the body. They tell the child: to think without hands to do without head to listen and not to speak to understand without joy to love and to marvel only at Easter and Christmas. They tell the child: to discover the world already there and of the hundred they steal ninety-nine. They tell the child: that work and play reality and fantasy science and imagination sky and earth reason and dream are things that do not belong together.
And thus they tell the childthat the hundred is not there. The child says: No way. The hundred is there. Loris Malaguzzi Translated by Lella Gandini
First ariculation of the concept we now call structural racism:
"We call these individual racism and institutional racism.... When a black family moves into a home in a white neighborhood and is stoned, burned or routed out, they are victims of an overt act of individual racism which many people will condemn--at least in words. But it is institutional racism that keeps black people locked in dilapidated slum tenements, subject to the daily prey of exploitative slumlords, merchants, loan sharks and discriminatory real estate agents."
"[E]ducation is a natural process spontaneously carried out by the human individual, and is acquired not by listening to words but by experiences upon the environment.”
Education for a New World
"Were all instructors to realize that the quality of mental process, not the production of correct answers, is the measure of educative growth something hardly less than a revolution in teaching would be worked."
Democracy in Education
"I respect a teacher who can ask interesting questions and who has the patience to watch somebody attempt to discover an answer to them."
Theoretical Framework
Audrey Floyd
Created on April 27, 2023
This is my final presentation for a doctoral class on theoretical and conceptual frameworks in education. It describes the three theoretical components that make up the framework for my anticipated dissertation study.
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Transcript
Constructivism
How does a real school facilitate constructivist methods, while eliminating structural barriers to access?
Structural Racism
Pragmatism
Reseach Process
Thisunequal access magnifies educational debts already owed to children of color.
Schools that succeed at implementation often exist behind structurally racist barriers.
Putting constructivist theory into practice is a challenge.
Constructivism has many benefits, building strong critical thinking skills and a love oflearning.
Constructivism: a pedagogy which guides children in constructing their own knowledge (Lillard, 2017)
Montessori
Waldorf
Reggio Emilia
Experiential Learning
Creative Curriculum
Play Based Learning
High Scope
Project Construct
Problem Based Learning
Inquiry Based Learning
learn ways to bridge the gap between theory and practice
when implementing constructivist pedagogy
in a school without structurally racist barriers to access
A constructivist curriculum
Absence of structural barriers to access
Method: case study of a school with
Real implementation of its educational philosophy
Method
Problem
What challenges does this school face in bridging the gap between theory and practice?
What systems and practices allow it to navigate those challenges?
This study will describe the systems and strategies
which one accessible school uses
to implement constructivist pedagogy.
This will illuminate potential solutions to common challenges, such as high stakes testing, staffing, and underfunding.
Access: Absence of financial and geographic barriers to attendance
Public School
Percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunch statewide
50%
A district substantially below that percentage is assumed to have de facto access barriers
Center or Private School
Accessible via:
Walking
Transit (<1 hour)
School bus
Offers one or more of the following:
Head Start
State Subsidy
Sliding Scale
Scholarships
Purpose
Significance
Conceptual Framework
Research Questions
Structural Racism
Stokely Carmichael (Kwame Ture)
Charles V. Hamilton
City Garden Montessori Free/Reduced Lunch Rate: 24% Statewide rate: 50% Citywide rate: 100%
Guidepost Montessori Tuition: $1816/month
Maplewood/Richmond Heights District Early Childhood Center Free/Reduced Lunch Rate: 30% Statewide rate: 50%
Montessori Lab School Tuition: $1645/month
Urban Sprouts Tuition: $1000/month Scholarships Available
Current Racial Geography
Original Redlining Map
Montessori and Reggio Emilia Preschools
Median Income by Neighborhood
Constructivism
Scenes from a Montessori Morning
Inquiry learning in action
A Reggio Emilia exploration
Malaguzzi
Reggio Emilia
Montessori
Montessori Method
Bruner
Discovery Learning
Experiential Learning
Dewey
Charles Sanders Pierce
A Pragmatic View of Theory
JohnDewey
William James
A Pragmatic View ofTruth
RichardRorty
Pragmatism
References
Best Neighborhood (2018). The highest and lowest income areas in St. Louis, Missouri. Best Neighborhood. https://bestneighborhood.org/household-income-st-louis-mo/ ByronBodie. (2008, October 29). Jerome Bruner [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2H_swMUlOg Dewey, J. (2015). Democracy and education. Project Gutenberg. (Original work published 1916). https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/852/pg852-images.html Institute of Education Sciences. (2021). Digest of educational statistics. National center for education statistics. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d21/tables/dt21_204.10.aspJames, W. (2013). Pragmatism: A new name for some old ways of thinking. Project Gutenberg. (Original work published 1907). https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/5116/pg5116-images.html Justicemap.org. (2023, April 1). Justice map: Visualize race and income for your community and country. Justicemap.org. https://www.justicemap.org/index.php?giAdvanced=0#instruction_div Lillard, P.P. (1972). Montessori: A modern approach. Schocken.Malaguzzi, L. (2022). The 100 languages of children. Reggio Children. https://www.reggiochildren.it/en/reggio-emilia-approach/100-linguaggi-en/Montessori Lab School. (n.d.). Tuition and Affordability. Montessori Lab School. https://www.mtclabschool.org/tuition-and-affordability Muzzlewump. (2015, August 9). Little wonders learning center: Reggio Emilia approach [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/clip/UgkxY6QYxxtDDGsG5x1gbpnXF8yhrtZ1DBA- Philosophy Overdose. (2022, April 24). Richard Rorty on pragmatism and truth [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQnxVlLqgeY Public School Review. (2023). City Garden Montessori School. Publicschoolreview.com. https://www.publicschoolreview.com/city-garden-montessori-school-profile Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority.(2017, November 5). Higher order thinking [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHa99yXJk2Y Richardson, J., Mitchell, B.C., Meier, H.C.S., Lynch, E., & Edlebi, J. (2023). Redlining and neighborhood health. National Community Reinvestment Coalition. https://ncrc.org/holc-health/ Urban Sprouts Child Development Center (n.d.). Forms and Information. Urban Sprouts Child Development Center. https://www.urbansproutscdc.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=353022&type=d
The childis made of one hundred. The child has a hundred languages a hundred hands a hundred thoughts a hundred ways of thinking of playing, of speaking. A hundred always a hundred ways of listening of marveling of loving a hundred joys for singing and understanding a hundred worlds to discover a hundred worlds to invent a hundred worlds to dream. The child has a hundred languages (and a hundred hundred hundred more) but they steal ninety-nine.
The school and the cultureseparate the head from the body. They tell the child: to think without hands to do without head to listen and not to speak to understand without joy to love and to marvel only at Easter and Christmas. They tell the child: to discover the world already there and of the hundred they steal ninety-nine. They tell the child: that work and play reality and fantasy science and imagination sky and earth reason and dream are things that do not belong together.
And thus they tell the childthat the hundred is not there. The child says: No way. The hundred is there. Loris Malaguzzi Translated by Lella Gandini
First ariculation of the concept we now call structural racism:
"We call these individual racism and institutional racism.... When a black family moves into a home in a white neighborhood and is stoned, burned or routed out, they are victims of an overt act of individual racism which many people will condemn--at least in words. But it is institutional racism that keeps black people locked in dilapidated slum tenements, subject to the daily prey of exploitative slumlords, merchants, loan sharks and discriminatory real estate agents."
"[E]ducation is a natural process spontaneously carried out by the human individual, and is acquired not by listening to words but by experiences upon the environment.”
Education for a New World
"Were all instructors to realize that the quality of mental process, not the production of correct answers, is the measure of educative growth something hardly less than a revolution in teaching would be worked."
Democracy in Education
"I respect a teacher who can ask interesting questions and who has the patience to watch somebody attempt to discover an answer to them."