UNIVERSITY TIMELINE

By: Jorge Collazo

Evolutionary Theory Timeline

The zeitgeist of the 18th century was characterized by the Enlightenment and the scientific revolution, which emphasized empirical observation, reason, and skepticism.

The Victorian era was characterized by a growing interest in the natural world and the importance of empirical observation and data in scientific research.

The late 19th century was characterized by a growing interest in the study of the mind and consciousness.

Darwin's work on the application of evolutionary theory to the human species challenged traditional views of human exceptionalism and highlighted the importance of studying human behavior and cognition in an evolutionary context.

The zeitgeist of the late 18th century was characterized by a growing interest in natural history and the study of the natural world.

1744

1859

1876

1785

1871

German philosopher and psychologist, Wilhelm Wundt, established the first laboratory that was dedicated to the study of the mind and consciousness

Scottish geologist James Hutton proposed the idea of uniformitarianism,

1744: French philosopher and naturalist, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, proposed that species changed over time. This idea laid the foundation for the eventual development of evolutionary theory.

Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species," which presented his theory of evolution through natural selection

Charles Darwin published "The Descent of Man," which applied his theory of evolution to the human species.

Events

The modern synthesis of evolutionary theory emerged, combining Darwin's theory of natural selection with genetics and the study of inheritance.

American psychologist, G. Stanley Hall, founded the first psychology research laboratory in the United States at Johns Hopkins University.

William James, one of the most influential American psychologists, published his book, "The Principles of Psychology."

John B. Watson published his article, "Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It," which advocated for the use of observable behavior

1890

1913

1930

1883

Konrad Lorenz, an Austrian ethologist, published "King Solomon's Ring," which described his research on animal behavior and imprinting.

American psychologist, James McKeen Cattell, founded the first psychology laboratory in the United States devoted solely to psychological research

Sigmund Freud published "The Interpretation of Dreams," which introduced his theory of psychoanalysis.

1900

1920

1949

1889

The rise of behaviorism dominated psychology, leading to a decreased emphasis on mental processes and consciousness.

Zeitgeist

The early 20th century was characterized by a growing interest in the study of observable behavior and the importance of empirical observation and measurement in psychological research.

The late 19th century in the United States was characterized by a growing interest in child development and education.

Evolutionary theory in the 1930s reflected the growing interest in genetics and the study of inheritance, as well as the influence of the zeitgeist of the time, which emphasized the importance of scientific rigor and empirical data.

1890

1913

1930

The late 19th century was characterized by a growing interest in the study of the mind and consciousness.

1883

The mid-20th century was characterized by a growing interest in animal behavior and the study of ethology.

The late 19th century in the United States was characterized by a growing interest in individual differences in personality, intelligence, and other psychological traits.

: The turn of the 20th century was characterized by a growing interest in the unconscious mind and the importance of understanding the role of unconscious processes in shaping behavior and thought.

The rise of behaviorism in the early 20th century was characterized by a focus on observable behavior and a downplaying of the importance of mental processes and consciousness.

1900

1920

1949

1889

Events

The cognitive revolution began, emphasizing the study of mental processes and consciousness once again.

E.O. Wilson published "Sociobiology," which applied evolutionary theory to the study of social behavior in animals.

David Buss published "The Evolution of Desire," which applied evolutionary theory to the study of human mate selection.

1975

1992

2021

1950

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on psychology, highlighting the importance of understanding human behavior and decision-making in the context of a global crisis.

The cognitive revolution began, emphasizing the study of mental processes and consciousness once again.

The rise of evolutionary psychology led to debates about the appropriate methods for studying evolution in psychology and the extent to which evolutionary processes can explain human behavior.

1980

2000

Evolutionary psychology began to emerge as a distinct field, emphasizing the role of evolutionary processes in shaping behavior and cognition.

1960

Zeitgeist

The mid-20th century was characterized by a growing interest in the study of social behavior in animals and the application of evolutionary theory to the study of behavior

The cognitive revolution of the 1950s reflecteda shift away from behaviorism and toward a more holistic view of psychology.

The early 1990s were characterized by a growing interest in the application of evolutionary theory to the study of human behavior.

1975

1992

2021

1950

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2021 highlighted the continuing influence of the zeitgeist on psychology and the study of evolution

The advent of computer technology in the 1960s revolutionized psychological research and allowed for more sophisticated analyses of data and more complex models of behavior.

The turn of the 21st century was characterized by ongoing debates about the appropriate methods for studying evolution in psychology and the extent to which evolutionary processes can explain human behavior.

1980

2000

The rise of evolutionary psychology in the 1980s reflected a growing interest in the role of evolutionary processes in shaping behavior and cognition

1960

References

Buffon's work on the history of the earth and the evolution of species: Buffon, G. L. L. (1749-1788). Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière, avec la description du cabinet du roi. (French Edition). Paris: L'Imprimerie royale. Cattell's laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania: Cattell, J. M. (1890). Mental Tests and Measurements. Mind, 15(57), 373-381. Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection:Darwin, C. (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: John Murray. Hall's laboratory at Johns Hopkins University: Hall, G. S. (1883). The Contents of Children's Minds on Entering School. New York: D. Appleton and Company. The rise of behaviorism: Skinner, B. F. (1938). The Behavior of Organisms: An Experimental Analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. The cognitive revolution: Miller, G. A., Galanter, E., & Pribram, K. H. (1960). Plans and the Structure of Behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Wundt's laboratory in Leipzig: Wundt, W. (1876). Principles of Physiological Psychology. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co.