CARDIAC EXAM

Cardiac exam

examinatioN and heart rhythm (beats)

teacher: Ingrid Vanessa Hernandez Vega

How does our heart sound?

Some of the sounds are identified with the following names, are you able to recognize them?

1. NORMAL (S1 S2)
2. MITRAL STENOSIS
3. MITRAL REGURG
4. AORTIC STENOSIS
5. AORTIC REGURG

Let's see

Heart sounds

Guiding understanding

• Pre - listening
• While listening
• Post - listening

Focusing on language

INDEX

creation

Pre-listening (vocabulary)

Pre-listening (vocabulary)

Pre-listening (reading)

Examining the heart and circulation

Look at the lips, tongue and nails for the blue discolortion of cyanosis. Cyanosis may be central or periphereal. Inspect the hands for clubbing. Feel the radial pulse at the wrist and note the rate (for example 70/min) and rhythm (regular or irregular). The pulse may be irregular in force as well as time. Check that the other peripheral pulses are present. Measure the blood pressure, and asses the jugular venous pressure (JVP). Palpate the chest for the apex beat - the normal position in the fifith left intercostal space, one centimetre medial to the midclavicular line. Feel for any thrills. Heart size may be measured by percussion. Listen for murmurs and other abnormal sounds, for example friction rubs, beginning at the mitral area. Murmurs may be soft or loud. A harsh murmur is loud and roughNote the time of any murmur in relation to the cardiac cycle. The most common murmurs are: Mid-systolic (in the middle of systole) Pan-systolic (lasting for the whole of systole) Early diastolic Mid diastolic Late diastolic (pre-systolic) Continue by listening at the tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary areas.

Glendinning, E. H., & Howard, R. (2007). Professional english in use. Medicine. Cambridge University Press.

WHILE listening (reCOGNITION TASK)

Play

WHILE listening (reCOGNITION TASK)

POST listening (FOCUSING ON A GRAMMAR `POINT)

Do you remember a sentence in which you heard the word will?

WILL / GOING TO

WILL

Use the future with will to talk about an event in the future that you have just decided to do, for predictions and for promises.

Negative Sentence

Question

Positive Sentence

(Wh-word) Will + Subject + Verb(Simple Form)?

Subject + Will + Not + Verb (Simple Form)

Subject + Will +Verb (Simple Form)

• It will cost a lot of money to fix.
• They will come to the party.

• Will it cost a lot of money to fix?
• How much will it cost to fix?

• Will they come to the party?
• When will they come t the party?

POST listening (FOCUSING ON A GRAMMAR `POINT)

Do you remember a sentence in which you heard the word will?

WILL / GOING TO

GOING TO

The future with "going to" is used to express events you have already planned in the future and your intentions for the future.

Negative Sentence

Question

Positive Sentence

Subject + "Be" + Going to +Verb (Simple Form)

(Wh-word) "Be" + Subject + Going to + Verb(Simple Fomr)?

Subject + "Be" + Not +Going to + Verb (Simple Form)

• We are going to attend the wedding.
• She is tired, so she is going to take a nap.

• We are not going to attend the wedding.
• She is not going to take a nap.

• Are they going to attend the wedding?
• Is she going to take a nap?

USES

WILL

GOING TO

Plans

Predictions

I am going to look for a new place to live next month.

I think I will get a raise this year.

Quick decisions

Predictions

I will have the burguer and fries.

There are dark clouds in the sky. I think it is going to rain later today.

Request/Threat

Commands/Instructions

Will you turn on the lights?study hard or you will fail.

You are going to pick up your toys and go to your room

Offer / Promise

I will help you with dinner. I will try my best.

focusing on language

Let's focus on the following vocabulary in bold, because now it's your turn to write your own sentences in the future tense

Glendinning, E. H., & Howard, R. (2007). Professional english in use. Medicine. Cambridge University Press.

creation

Let's show how much we have learned today.

SEE YOU