Final Task: INNO- Judit Lozano

Final Task:Innovación Docente e Iniciación a la Investigación Educativa

Judit Lozano Sarmiento

Section 1: Virtual Spaces for Education and Learning

Section 2: CALL-Past, Present and Future

Section 4: The Applicability of Digital Materials in foreign Language Teaching

Section 3: The Use of Technology and Virtual Environments in Language Learning

Section 5: CALL Research: Where Are We Now?

Conclusions

Virtual Spaces for Education and Learning

The Digital Citizen-Student:A reality in the classroom

In our current society, students are digital natives, and it has become imperative for teachers to keep up with the latest technological advancements. Being engaged in our technology-driven world is of absolute importance to effectively provide the needs of today's students.

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New ways of teaching and learning

Connectivism

• Learning occurs when we interact with others and expose ourselves to the content they communicate.
• Learning involves the process of reworking and interpreting what has been learned, enabling us to communicate our conclusions and ideas effectively.
• Learning becomes consolidated when the channels and means of communication are collaborative and dynamic.

• Less routine behaviour

• More independent and responsible attitude

• Learning how to learn
• Lifelong learning
• Focus on learning rather than on teaching

Learning how to learn

Learning consolidation is effective when the different communication channels and collaborative and dynamic.

Involvement and interaction with others are key aspects of connectivism.

Learning means reworking and interpreting what we have learnt.

Dale's cone of experience

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Changes in the role of the teacher

The student in the learner-centred approach is at the centre of the learning process. The student is an active participant in everything that happens in the classroom. They have to develop new competencies and skills, Students learn by experiencing instead of memorizing.

Teachers do not play a key role in the teaching-learning process. They become learning coordinators and must adopt and adapt new teaching practices, methodologies and approaches.

Web 2.0 and social learning:when learning becomes multidirectional

Web 2.0 serves as the platform for social learning, where users are not merely passive information recipients, but active content creators. this fosters a new and collaborative form of knowledge generation.

Tools and applications in education

1. Blogs or microblogs are the most used publication formats.2. Social Networks permit creation and communication among not just users, but communities too. 3. Podcasts can be listened to or viewed. 4. Wikis can be collaboratively developed.

CALL-Past, Present and Future

Where has CALL been?

What is CALL? Computer Assisted Language Learning refers to the use of computer technologies that promote educational learning.

21st CenturyIntegrative CALL

1980s-90s

1970s-80s

• Task-based approaches
• Project-based approaches
• Multimedia and Internet
• Socio-cognitive
• Authentic discourse
• accuracy, fluency and agency
• Content-based approaches
• Place the computers in the syllabus

• PC's: 3 main uses

tutor, stimulus, tool

• Cognitive
• Communicative (sic)language
• Accuracy and fluency
• Communicative exercices

• Aformal structural system
• Grammar-translation and Audio-lingual
• Mainframe
• Accuracy
• Drill and Practice

Towards an alternative analysis of CALL (BAX, 2003)

2nd Phase:Open CALL

1st Phase:Restricted CALL

3rd Phase:Integrated CALL

A comprehensive term that refers not only to a theory of learning but also to activity types in use of a time and the actual software

This phase is defined as a period which is more open than the previous one, even though it is only a relative openness.

This last phase refers to the objective towards which CALL experts should be working on.

Present and future of CALL

Where is CALL going?

Where is CALL now?(2003)

Its goal is normalization. There are seven stages of normalization in CALL:1. Early adopters 2. Ignorance (scepticism) 3. Try once 4. Try again 5. Fear/ Awe 6. Normalising 7. Normalization This will occur when technology is embedded and invisible in everyday practice.

It is in an open phase, It is possible to use computers for genuine communication, but some instructions present restricted features. True integration has not been achieved yet.

Have we reached normalization in 2023?

• It seems that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed education forever.

• Due to widespread school closures, e-learning has experienced significant growth, becoming a crucial means of facilitating remote teaching through digital platforms,

• Despite the progress, certain challenges still need to be addressed to ensure that students worldwide have equal opportunities to participate in digital learning.

The Use of Technology and Virtual Environments in Language Learning

“Computers will not replace teachers. However, teachers who use computers will replace teachers who don't”

Ray Clifford

Advantages and challenges of online learning

Challenges

Advantatges

• Learners show excessive dependence on technology.

• Some teachers are too focused on the use of technology and forget the pedagogical side.

• Online courses are organized with a repository of materials.

• Tendency to innovative proposals and new methodologies and approaches.

• Flexibility and openness to new learning experiences.

• Everywhere-learning.

• Available at any time (synchronous or asynchronous).

• Open to communities.

Changes in teacher and student roles

New teacher role: Facilitator of learning methodology, ICT competence, learner-centred skills, dealing with constraints, facilitating communication, online socialization and creativity.

New student role: Work collaboratively as well as autonomy promotion, learning strategies practices, and own reinvention, they must be realistic and take responsibility for their own learning, and competences to adapt to the digital environment

The importance of instructional design

Based on pedagogical aspects which analyze the educational needs of online language learners:

• Description of the learning environment.
• Description of the system requirements.
• Description of the architecture of the distributed learning environment.
• Application of an activity framework.
• Definition of the linguistic and didactic functionalities.
• Definition of the personas and their goals.
• Conceptualization.
• Specification.
• Pre-use evaluation as selection.

• Post-use evaluation as collaborative research.

Scaffolding to support students when they struggle with difficulties. Reinforce with activities and extension materials. They must feel accompanied along the process.

Open language learning

Open Educational Resources

Mobile Assisted Language Learning

Social Learning

Language MOOCs

Web-based dedicated for second language courses. They offer quality language resources for free and the learning process becomes more student-centred.

Between formal and informal education, it has been identified as a key tool along the learning process.

Sociocultural theories pay special attention to the learning process rather than to the product.

They have strong potential to transform education- Use open pedagogies.- Enhance open learning. - Allow the sharing of content. - Promote open research and publication.

The Applicability of Digital Materials in Foreign Language Teaching

Bloom's Taxonomy revised

This classification identifies six different levels along the learning process and categorizes High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and Low Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). When we use digital tools, the learning process must be reorganized, teachers must take into account the progress of HOTS during the creation and use of digital materials in order to cultivate the learning process more effectively.

Blogs and language teaching

Teacher's blog

The teacher runs a website and provides links, downloads, activities and materials. They are often inspirational for other teachers or parents.

Student Blog

A student create his own entries and covers various topics

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Class Blog

Institutional blog

Collaborative space where teachers and students share their learning experiences and develop a community.

The institutional blog belongs the educational institution.

Advantages of an educational blog

• Easy access
• Ease of use
• Easy incorporation of new digital materials
• Interaction between the author and the readers. Promotes discussion among students
• Collaborative work
• Encourages the use of the Internet.
• Motivates students to be better writers.

Webquests and their didactic use for language learning

A WebQuest is an inquiry-oriented activity in which some or all of the information that learners interact with comes from resources on the Internet. Students build their own knowledge (constructivism) WebQuests should be conceived as an integral part of the education. curriculum. This activity promotes transversal skills such as analysis, teamwork, reflection, learning process evaluation and synthesis. Types: treasure hunt, mystery, repetition, compilation, web tasks, design, etc.

Digital materials in the practice of writing skills

PIKTOCHART

DIGITAL STORIES

WORD CLOUDS

Digital posters creation and presentationAdvertising campaigns Newspaper or magazines covers

Word cloud generator and tag cloud generator

Creation of digital stories. Reading and writing habits development

PADLET

GENIALLY

Using a wide range of options, users can create bulletin boards or virtual walls.Opinion boards Brainstorming

Creation of interactive and multimedia presentations. You're in right now!

Digital materials in the practice of oral skills

PODCASTS

VOKI

It allows the users to view or hear directly on a website. It can be used as a creative activity too.

It allows you to create avatars with voice

BLABBERIZE

VOICETHREAD

It allows you to create talking images

It allows you to record interventions using the microphone in your computer

Studies on blogs

Studies on wikis

Studies on Podcasts

Writing skills and verb conjugations are improved by using blogs, they also guide the discovery of students' own voices.

Wikis improve written production, motivate students by developing digital literacy, and reinforce autonomy and reflection.

Podcasts help to flourish listening comprehension and to develop pronunciation and oral production strategies.

CALL Research: Where are We Now?

The area of investigation and research questions

John Gillespie conducted an investigation into the publications of the three major CALL journals (ReCALL, CALICO and CALL) from 2006. The aim of the investigation was to identify and analyze the primary trends in CALL research duting that period.

• Which countries are engaged in CALL research?
• Which topics are being researched? How frequently?
• What research methods are being used?
• What trends can be detected?
• What do the data show about the current state of CALL research?
• What suggestions can be made for its future direction?

Results

• The majority of articles has an empirical nature.

• Total of topics researched: 1,415

• Most published: Writing, CMC, vocabulary and speaking

• Less published: Pedagogy, games, blended learning and virtual reality

• Scarcely published: Evauation, WEB, Virtual Learning Environment

• Least published: Language Labs, research methods, interactive whiteboard, culture

• Meta-analysis articles: ReCALL 8, CALICOP 16 and CALL II

Discussion

The international reach of CALLThe volume of countries publishing research in the field of CALL has increased by 50% The concentration of research studies Most research articles tend to focus on empirical topics due to the pressure to publish, the influence of trends and the increasing integration of technology in the research process. The studied topic Most published: four skills of Language and the Bases of Vocabulary Less published: strategic and innovative topics, pedagogical, intercultural.

What is the next direction we should take?

Challenges for the future

• Let's continue by adhering to the advice given by CALL experts.

• Let's focus on actively exploring less studied areas of language learning.

• Let's work towards integrating CALL into all aspects of language teaching

Conclusion

Education and Technology

Technology empowers students by granting them ownership over their learning, making education relevant to their digital lives, and preparing them effectively for the future. Teachers and educational institutions must adapt their curricula and teaching methodologies to align with the rapidly changing world significantly influenced by new technologies. Today's education system faces several challenges, including: 1. The need to update educational models. 2. Increasing integration of technologies in the teaching-learning process. 3. Ensuring equal opportunities for all students worldwide. Education plays a crucial role in reimaging and constructing a better future for our society.