TECHNOLOGY

MATERIALS FOR TECHNICAL USE

DANIELA,IXEIA AND CLAUDIA

INDEX

Textiles

Stone

Fibres

How do we classify stone?

Ceramics

How do we classify ceramic materials?

Glass

Bibliografy

01

Textiles

TEXTILES

We use textiles in the form of threads make fabrics. Textiles can be natural or synthetic depending on where they come from.

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02

Fibres

FIBRES

Natural fibres come from animals, plant-based or mineral raw materials. Fibres can be generally defined as thread-like structures that are thin, long, and flexible. The two main sources of fibres are plants and animals.

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NATURAL FIBRES FROM ANIMALS

SILK

WOOL

NATURAL FIBRES FROM PLANTS

COTTON

LINEN

ESPARTO GRASS

NATURAL FIBRES FROM MINERALS

METALS

SYNTHETIC FIBRES

POLYESTER

03

CERAMICS

CERAMICS

A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. The temperatures depend on the raw material we’re using, but it’s between 700ºC and 1700ºC.

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HOW DO WE CLASSIFY CERAMIC MATERIALS?

Coarse ceramics (permeable)

earthenware

refractory

terracotta

We make this with ordinary matte reddish clay USES: Bricks, roof tiles, jugs plants pots and botijos

We make this from white clay with silica and feldspar USES: plates and dishes, ornaments and bathroom tiles

We make this from baked clay and metal oxides. USES interiors of ovens, electrical components and electronics

HOW DO WE CLASSIFY CERAMIC MATERIALS?

Fine ceramics (impermeable)

porcelain

stoneware

This is made from white clay called china clay USES: Plates and dishes, ornaments, electrical insulators and bathroom fittings

This is made from refractory clay USES: Very hard and resistant floor and wall tiles, pipes and bricks

STONE

STONE

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Stone materials come from rock.Stones are used for the ornamental and architectural beauty of different types of structures. Generally they are used for railway ballast and as an aggregate in cement and lime concretes.

MARBLE

LIMESTONE

This is porous and has a whitish colour

This is very thick, hard and highly resistant

HOW DO WE CLASSIFY STONE?

NATURAL ROCKS DONT NEED CHEMICAL TREATMENTS

SLATE

GRANITE

This is dense, compact and impermeable

This is very firm and highly resistant

LIME

PLASTER

This comes from gypsum stone

We get lime from limestone

HOW DO WE CLASSIFY STONE?

Binders are materials that we mix with water to make a paste that goes hard

MORTAR

CEMENT

This is a mixture of limestone, clay and plaster

This is a mixture of sand and another binder

ARTIFICIAL ROCKS ARE MIXTURE OF BINDERS WITH FIBRES OR SAND AND GRAVEL

CONCRETE: This is a mixture of gravel, sand and cemente

GLASS

Glass is transparent or translucent material. Its impermeable and very hard, but also very fragile. Its resistant to chemical agents and is a thermal, electrical and acoustic insulator.

BIBLIOGRAFY

expertcivil.com/uses-of-stones-importance-of-stones/ https://www.britannica.com/technology/glass https://www.britannica.com/topic/textile https://www.dictionary.com/browse/ceramics

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THE END