Italian prison

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italian prison

presentation by Rosa Acanfora

italian

what's in this presentation?

1.

Prisons in Italy

2.

41 - Bis

3.

Hygienic - sanitary conditions

4.

Psychological state

5.

Self harm and suicide

6.

The imprisonment of Oscar Wilde

7.

Prisons in movies and tv series

prisons

Prisons in Italy

The main problems of prisons in italy are the overcrowding and the understaffing. Italy is in fact one of the countries with the most crowded prisons in the EU. Prison staff is less then it should be, there is lack of educators and sometimes one director manages more prisons at the same time.

In average, prisoners spend about 20 hours in cell. If the space in the cell permits, the prisoners in their room can also paint, write letters and do some hobby ativities. Letters for them are like in the past the only method to contact their family and their friends. Some prisoners work inside the prisons and engage in activities, others dedicate themselves to study and rehabilitation. In some prisons there is a study program t prepare to the final exam, so as to do it in the same days of high school students. Many of the prisoners are free to go around the prison, others,considered dangerous are locked in their cells and can go out into the prison garden for a few hours a day.

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41 - bis

Article 41-bis is a provision of the Italian penitentiary system introduced by a Law in 1986, which provides for a particular prison regime. Due to its rigidity, is also known as "hard prison".

It applies to prisoners who are guilty of serious crimes, who are the head of Mafia or Camorra associations, or who are part of terrorist associations.

The "hard prison" is used to prevent prisoners from having contact with the outside through other inmates, phone calls or meetings. This limits the damage that the prisoner could cause both inside and outside, even being in prison.

What provides the 41 - bis ?

• The prisoner must be located in a single room and has no access to common areas of the prison;
• The prisoner has limitation of interviews with family memebers both by telephone and in person (based on the crime committed);
• The prisoner has limitation of object thet can be kept in the rooms and also in objects that can be received from the outside;
• The prisoner has lmitation on the "yeard time".

Hygienic-sanitary conditions

From the analysis, a critical picture emerges, even serious, especially from the structural point of view. There are widespread deficiencies in terms of hygiene and health with important repercussions on the health and liveability of people confined in institutions.

89.4% of inmates have no shower in their cells. 69.31% of inmates have no hot water in their cells. 60% of inmates don’t have bidets in their cells. 12.8% of inmates live in prisons where in cells the bathroom is not located in a separate room and is instead placed near the bed.

psychological state

The mental illnesses of prisoners are due to various factors, such as the number of hours spent outside the cell, the training and work activities to which you have access, the limitation of personal spaces.

In prison the day is highly ritualized, everything is always the same. As time goes by, alterations of language, movement, sexuality can emerge. Degenerating the individual into mental deterioration

The consequences of prison are not limited to the moment in which you live inside: the detainees carry them with them even when they leave. After the exit you often suffer from a pathology called Exit Vertigo. Those who suffer from it are prey to anxiety and mental and motor agitation. His thoughts focus on the life difficulties of the outside world.

Self harm and suicide

Self-harming behavior is a desperate gesture aimed at feeling alive: physical pain becomes for the prisoner the means of contact with reality and the body, in a place where the mind is constantly tested, is the only means taken immediately into consideration. The suicide of a prisoner has very different characteristics than the act performed by a free man, Imprisonment is a deprivation of liberty and often the suicide of a prisoner is connected to the desire to escape from a difficult reality that deprives man of the most important rights.

Para-suicide

Sometimes in prison we witness the so-called para-suicide, which represents the attempt by the subject to suppress himself, but does not reflect the real will to complete the gesture. It is an instrumental and manipulative act towards the surrounding environment, in order to obtain benefits/ advantages or to attract attention.

THE IMPRISONMENT OF OSCAR WILDE

The imprisonment of Oscar Wilde, after the sentence for the trial that caused much scandal in England, lasted from november 1895 to may 1897. During the detention Wilde wrote:

• De Profundis, is a long letter that wrote, after being tried for homosexuality, to his boyfriend, Alfred Douglas.

• The Ballad of Reading Gaol is a poetic composition based on his painful experience of imprisonment. He has also reported thematics like death penalty and the cruelty of prison system.

There is also a movie based on the life of Oscar Wilde. In the movie there are some scenes, like the trial, related to Oscar Wildes imprisonment.

Wilde (1997)

Play

PRISONS IN MOVIES AND TV SERIES

Often in film and tv series is treated the subject of "prison" . Here are some:

The Platform (2019)

The green mile (1999)

Trailer here

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trailer

Prison Break (2005)

Mare Fuori (2020)

Click here

Trailer here

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