MODAL VERBS 2º BACH

MODAL VERBS

CHARACTERISTICS

1. We put an infinitive without TO after most modal verbs 2. Modals do not take -s in third person of singunalr 3. Modals do not need auxiliaries to form negatives, questions nor short answers Examples: 1. I can/should/may GO to Seville next spring. 2. She can/should/may GO to Seville next spring. 3. They/ He cannot - should not - may not GO to Seville next spring

CHARACTERISTICS

EXCEPTION: HAVE TO 1. I have to GO to Seville. 2. She has to GO to Seville. 3. I do not have to GO to Seville / She does not have to GO to Seville. * You can conjugate it in present, past or future (I had to go - I will have to go).

01

MODALS

What do they express?

PROHIBITION

CAN´T

MUSTN´T

PERMISSION

CAN

BE ALLOWED TO

ABILITY

BE ABLE TO

COULD

CAN

MANAGED TO

OBLIGATION / NO OBLIGATION

NEED TO

HAVE TO

MUST

ADVICE

HAD BETTER

OUGHT TO

SHOULD

POSSIBILITY

COULD

MIGHT

MAY

DEDUCTION

CAN´T

MUST

02

MODAL PERFECTS

You can use MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE to talk about PAST events.

must + have + past participle: express certainty or logical deduction in past. Ex. He must have felt unlucky when we didn´t win.

can´t + have + past participle: express impossibility in past. Ex. It can´t have been my sister. She was abroad.

could + have + past participle: alternative past action-now too late Ex. They could have bought cheaper flights

may/might/could + have + past participle: express possibility in past. Ex. They were not at home. They might have gone to the shopping centre.

should + have + past participle: wish something had happened in the past, but didn´t happen. Ex. We should have studied more for the exam.

shouldn´t + have + past participle: wish something didn´t happen in the past, but it did happen. Ex. We shouldn´t have bought so many souvenirs. My bag is very heavy now!

03

GUESS THE CONTEXT

Same sentence with different modal verbs:

- My sister can´t do several things at the same time. -My sister could do several things at the same time. - My sister is allowed to do several things at the same time. -My sister managed to do several things at the same time. -My sister can´t be wrong. - My sister must be wrong.

+ info

Same sentence with different modal verbs:

- My sister needed to do several things at the same time. - My sister may do several things at the same time. - My sister might do several things at the same time. -My sister could do several things at the same time. - My sister should do several things at the same time. - My sister ought to do several things at the same time. - My sister had better do several things at the same time.

+ info

Same sentence with different modal verbs:

- My sister must have done several things at the same time. - My sister can´t have done several things at the same time. - My sister could have done several things at the same time. - My sister should have done several things at the same time. - My sister shouldn´t have done several things at the same time.

+ info

Thank you!