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TIMELINE
Kyana Sanford
Created on March 19, 2023
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Transcript
East Africa colonization timeline
1900 CE
1600 CE
1400 CE
Colonial forces including but not limited to Portugal, Italy, The United Kingdom are present in East Africa.
The virgin Mary is introduced to christian practices in Ethiopia.
The transatlantic slave trade was in full affect. This displaced African people from their native land.
1500 CE
1800 CE
Portuguese establish colonies, trade networks, and military forts.
German colonizers reached the shores of Africa to begin settlement and trade.
1400 CE
The virgin Mary is introduced to christian practices in Ethiopia
According to the Metropolitan museum of art, "Emperor Zar’a Ya‘eqob of Ethiopia mandates the reading of the Miracles of the Virgin Mary, thus establishing Mary as a primary visual and liturgical icon in the Ethiopian practice of Christianity." Prior to colonization tribes in Africa practiced various forms of polytheism.
Europians used christian values to justify the colonization of Africa. While their goal was to teach, in the process they terminated other forms of religion.
1500 CE
Portuguese establish colonies, trade networks, and military forts
While en route from Europe to India, Portuguese explorers docked on the coast of Africa to gather food, water and supplies. These stops developed into a longer stay as explorers built Cape town, Fort Jesus, etc. Their presence was seen in Africa for approximately 200 years.
Portuguese establishments influenced education in Africa. According to The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization " under the Portuguese-Catholic education system, only a small number of "assimilados'' were educated, and then only for minor social and econo- mic posts." (assimilados = African subjects)
1600 CE
The transatlantic slave trade was in full affect. This displaced africans from their native land.
People were sold and sent to various locations in the americas including the North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. Being separated from one's family, tribe, and home has psychological effects on individuals. Slaves received little to no education when in captivity in order to prevent intellectual power.
Economic growth in the new world accelerated with the free labor from slaves. Colonization during this time was driven by the economic benifits slaves provided.
1800 CE
German Colinizers reached the shores of Africa. They began to develop settlements and trade.
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At the time, German presence evoked fear into the lives of east Africans. Merchants, Missionaries and Military forces imposed on their land and established control. This had a psychological toll on the native people. According to Israel Kaunatjike (a descendant) " blacks were forcibly displaced to poorer neighborhoods and friendships with whites were impossible." " “Germans of course had relationships in secret with African women,” says Kaunatjike. “Some were raped.”
The Berlin conference discussed the division of Africa and its resources amongst western colonies. These colonies wanted the resources in Africa to fuel industrialization in europe.
1900 CE
Colonial forces including but not limited to Portugal, Italy, The United Kingdom are present in East Africa.
"The scramble for Africa" is an expression used to describe the continent during the 19th century. Transitions from colonialism to imperialism were seen in several countries. While colonizers no longer held complete control, they influenced economic, academic, and social functions in society.
Citations
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“Eastern and Southern Africa, 1400–1600 A.D.: Chronology: Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.” The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art , https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/08/afa.html. Magazine, Smithsonian. “A Brutal Genocide in Colonial Africa Finally Gets Its Deserved Recognition.” Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 28 Oct. 2015, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/brutal-genocide-colonial-africa-finally-gets-its-deserved-recognition-180957073/. “The Philosophy of Colonialism: Civilization, Christianity, and Commerce.” Violence in Twentieth Century Africa, https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/violenceinafrica/sample-page/the-philosophy-of-colonialism-civilization-christianity-and-commerce/#:~:text=Christianity%20was%20one%20justification%20that,educate%20and%20reform%20African%20culture. . Ferreira, Eduardo de Sousa. “Portuguese Colonialism in Africa: the End of an Era.” Unesdoc.unesco.org, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 1974, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000011345.
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