Exposé anglais Malcolm X

Malcolm X

By Thibaut COSTE and Basile ANNE

Malcolm Little

19th may 1925 Omaha, United States of America

1925-1929

Family :

Father : Earl Little, arpenter and preacher Baptist Mother : Louise Little Siblings : Wilfred, Hilda, Philbert, Reginald, Yvonne and Wesley

Family

Malcolm Shabazz marries Betty Shabazz in 1958

They got 6 children (6 girls) : Attallah Shabazz - 1958Qubilah Shabazz - 1960 Ilyasah Shabazz - 1962 Gamilah Lumumba Shabazz - 1964 Malikah Shabazz - 1965 Malaak Shabazz - 1965

The 16th january 1946, he was sentenced to 10 years of jail, of theft. In jail, he was interested by religion books. In 1952, he was released and integrate the musulman organisation "Nation of islam". And was now called Malcolm X to erase his slave name.

His sexual relations with white women (2 in his gang) almost earned him a conviction for rape, but they refused to accuse him despite incitements of justice. Moreover, Malcolm is addicted to cocaïne, which he started using when he was in the criminal.

The struggles of Malcolm X

• Malcolm X strongly opposed racial segregation.

• He joined the "Nation of Islam" organization in 1952.
• He then founded the Organization of African American Unity (OAAU)

He believed that the problems of black Americans could only be solved through active struggle

To fight against imperialism and colonialism

On 12 March 1964, he announced the foundation of his own religious organisation, 'The Muslim Mosque'. Shortly afterwards, he converted to orthodox Sunni Islam.

On 13 April 1964, Malcolm X left New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport to make the pilgrimage to Mecca (the hajj) from which he returned under the Muslim name of Malek El-Shabazz. His wife and daughters then took the family name of Shabazz. He condemns the anti-white racism of the Nation of Islam.

The projects of Malcolm X

• Malcolm X had many ambitious plans for the emancipation of black Americans.

• He also worked on the political mobilization of black Americans by encouraging them to vote and called for the creation of a third black party that would defend black interests.

Death

21st february 1965killed by a member of the Black Muslims with a shotgun

Speech in the l'Audubon Ballroom

Burried at the Ferncliff Cemetery of Hartsdale, Westchester

CONCLUSION

He was one of the principal voice of the afro-american nationalism, and leave Nation of islam to join the Sunni Islam. He became a figure of the civil rights, Pan-Africanism and socialism of America.

Malcolm X is one of the 4 icon of the afro-americans movements to abolish the raciale discriminations at the USA with Rosa Parks, Daisy Bates and Martin Luther King between 1954 and 1965.

Netflix serie "Who killed MALCOLM X"