eritrea newspaper

English Presentation

NEWS PAPER

16th of March,2022

“To deny people their human rights is to challenge their very humanity.” - Nelson Mandela

Íris Fernandes, nº8Rafael Cunha, nº16Filipa Pinheiro, nº4 Vanessa Moreira, nº24

Eritrea

What is the meaning of the colors on the Eritrean flag?

Human Rights in different countries

The red represents the blood shed in the struggle for independence. The blue represents the Red Sea and its marine resources. The Green stands for agricultural exuberance of Eritrea. The yellow represents the mineral resources of Eritrea.

In todays news we will talk about the human rights in Eritrea. We will be focusing on Education, Freedom of Expression, Health and Discrimination.

How many colors are on the Eritrean flag?

Where is Eritrea located?

Eritrea is a country in Eastern Africa bordering Djibouti, Ethiopia, Sudan, and the Red Sea

Eritrea's national flag has four colors: red, blue, green and yellow..

Íris Fernandes, nº8

Important News of the day

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Education in Eritrea

Freedom of Expression in Eritrea

Health in Eritrea

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Discrimination/Equality in Eritrea

Short Video(6:14m)

Conclusion

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Health in Eritrea

⦁ Education in Eritrea is officially compulsory between the ages of 7 and 16;

⦁ The important goals of Eritrea’s education policy are to provide basic education in each of the country’s mother tongues;

⦁ As well as to produce a society that is equipped with the necessary skilss to function with a culture of self – reliance in modern economy

Vanessa Moreira, nº24

02

Freedom of Expression in Eritrea

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"There is no information on the condition of those imprisoned; many are believed to have died since, even though there is in either case no confirmation"

The Eritrean Government passed several laws to limit press freedom in its country. In 1996, a law was passed banning media broadcasts and journalists, who now need licenses to be able to work. In 2001, all independent media were banned,leaving state media as the sole alternative. Furthermore, among limitations, "media publications must be submitted for government approval prior to release" according to Freedom House. Since 2001, several journalists were arrested without any charges according to the committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), including 17 journalists who were imprisoned in Eritrea as of 1 December 2015.

In 2014, lawyers tried to press Swedish courts to investigate crimes against humanity, torture, and abduction, because of the imprisonment of the Swedish-Eritrean journalist Dawit Isaak according to the committee to Protect Journalists. Eritrean authorities refused to cooperate and the case was closed.

Íris Fernandes, nº8

Dawit Isaak photo

Satirical Cartoon

Dawit Isaak

Is Eritrea a Free Country?

Dawit Isaak (born 28 October 1964) is a Swedish-Eritrean playwright, journalist and writer who has been held in prison in Eritrea since 2001 without trial and is considered a traitor by the Eritrean government

The citizens are not allowed to leave Eritrea, regardless of age, Eritreans without a formal release from the mandatory national service (even above 60 years of age) are not granted passports or exit visas to allow them to exit the country legally.Therefore Eritrea is not a free country.

Íris Fernandes, nº8

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Graphic representation of health care providers in Eritrea

Health in Eritrea

Medical care by doctors and hospitals in Eritrea is below average compared to the world population. There are 0.7 hospital beds per 1000 inhabitants in the country. The global average here is 2.9 beds. Within the EU, there are 4.6 beds per 1000 inhabitants. With about 192 doctors trained in Eritrea, there are about 0.05 doctors per 1000 inhabitants. Here again the comparison: worldwide this standard is 1.50 doctors per 1000 inhabitants and in the EU up to 3.57. Medical care can greatly reduce mortality from important and known diseases. So, in the current situation, only about 27 percent of all people suffering from cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease or kilomicron retention disease (CRD) die.

The Eritrean Ministry of Health is the body responsible for the administration and development of health in the country. Eritrea has achieved significant improvements in the area, being one of the few to achieve the millennium development goals, in particular child health.However, the country still faces many challenges. Although the number of physicians increased from just 0.2 in 1993 to 0.5 in 2004, for each group of 1000 inhabitants, this proportion is still very low. Malaria and tuberculosis are common in Eritrea. One of the main causes of death in newborns is infection.

Filipa Pinheiro, nº4

04

DESCRIMINATION

There is some limited evidence of the law being enforced in recent years, however there is a lack of accessible information on this issue due to the hostile environment for LGBT people in the country and the lack of LGBT organisations. There have been some reports of discrimination and violence being committed against LGBT people in recent years, including alleged ‘round-ups’ of LGBT people by authorities.

Same-sex sexual activity is prohibited under the Penal Code 2015, which criminalises ‘homosexual conduct’. This provision carries a maximum penalty of seven years’ imprisonment. Both men and women are criminalised under this law. The law was inherited during Ethiopian rule through the 1957 Penal Code. Eritrea’s first Penal Code since independence, adopted in 2015, maintained the criminalising provision with an enhanced sentence.

Family, work, property, nationality and inheritance laws provide men and women with the same rights, and the law also requires equal pay for equal work. However, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in Eritrea face challenges that are not faced by non-LGBT citizens. Homosexual acts are illegal in Eritrea, punishable by up to three years in prison, and have no government protections from violence and discrimination. For example, abuse, torture and beating of prisoners is common, and some have reported that prisoners are illegally executed.

2020: The US Department of State report noted that the government “actively enforced this law”. This finding contrasts with reports in previous years which found that the law was not enforced. It is not clear what triggered this change, as the report does not provide any details of cases.

Rafael Cunha, nº16

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Interview:

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CONCLUSION

So if there's a lesson to take from our work is to appreciate the freedom we take for granted in progressive cultures such as our own, either it be freedom of choice or to express ourselves in any way we like.

Íris Fernandes, nº8Vanessa Moreira, nº28 Rafael Cunha, nº16 Filipa Pinheiro, nº4