Judaism- Timeline

Group 2

2000 B.C

Abraham

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Abraham: Father of Jewish people In the Torah, God chose Abraham to be the “father” of the Hebrew people. God’s words to Abraham expressed a promise of land and a pledge: "Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great. " Genesis 12:1-2

Judaism

1650 B.C

Egypt

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Movement to Egypt Around 1650 B.C., the descendants of Abraham moved to Egypt

1272 B.C

Moses death

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Moses death After the death of Moses, the Hebrews returned to Canaan, where Abraham had lived. When the Hebrews arrived in Canaan, they were loosely organized into twelve tribes. These tribes lived in separate territories and were self-governing.

1020 B.C

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The kingdom of Israel The judges occasionally pulled together the widely scattered tribes for a united military effort. Eventually, the only large tribe left of the 12 tribes was the tribe of Judah. As a result, Hebrews came to be called Jews, and their religion, Judaism. From about 1020 to 922 B.C., the Hebrews united under three able kings: Saul, David, and Solomon. The new kingdom was called Israel

922 B.C

Division

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The kingdom divides Solomon’s building projects required high taxes and badly strained the kingdom’s finances. In addition, men were forced to spend one month out of every three working on the temple. The expense and forced labor caused much discontent. As a result, after Solomon’s death, the Jews in the northern part of the kingdom, which was located far from the south, revolted. By 922 B.C., the kingdom had divided in two. Israel was in the north and Judah was in the south.

1800 B.C

Canaan

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From Ur to Canaan Abraham was a shepherd who lived in the city of Ur, in Mesopotamia. The Book of Genesis tells that God commanded him to move his people to Canaan. Around 1800 B.C., Abraham, his family, and their herds made their way to Canaan.

1300 B.C

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Exodus The Bible says the Hebrews migrated to Egypt because of a drought and threat of a famine. At first, the Hebrews were given places of honor in the Egyptian kingdom. Later, however, they were forced into slavery. “Let My People Go” The Hebrews fled Egypt—perhaps between 1300 and 1200 B.C. Jews call this event “the Exodus”

1204 B.C

Debohra

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Hebrew Law God chose a series of judges, one of the most prominent of whom was a woman, Deborah. Deborah’s leadership was unusual for a Hebrew woman. The roles of men and women were quite separate in Hebrew society. In general, a Hebrew woman’s most important duty was to raise her children and provide moral leadership for them.

962 B.C

Salomon

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Salomon builds the kingdom About the year 962 B.C., David was succeeded by his son Solomon. Solomon was the most powerful of the Hebrew kings. He built a trading empire. The crowning achievement of his extensive building program in Jerusalem was a great temple, which he built to glorify God. The temple that Solomon built was not large, but it gleamed like a precious gem. Bronze pillars stood at the temple’s entrance. The temple was stone on the outside, while its inner walls were made of cedar covered in gold. The main hall was richly decorated with brass and gold.

738 B.C

Captivity

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The Babylonian captivity In 738 B.C., both Israel and Judah began paying tribute to Assyria. By paying tribute, Israel and Judah hoped to ensure that the mighty Assyrian empire would not attack.

Exodus

Israel

Group 2

725 B.C

Samaria

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Rentless siege of Samaria The tribute was not enough and in 725 the Assyrians began a relentless siege of Samaria, the capital of Israel.

Judaism

586 B.C

Fall

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Jerusalem's fall The great Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar ran the Egyptians out of Syria and ancient Palestine, and he twice attacked Jerusalem. The city finally fell in 586 b.c. Solomon’s temple was destroyed in the Babylonian victory. Many of the survivors were exiled to Babylon. During the exile in Babylon, the Bible describes how the prophet Ezekiel urged his people to keep their religion alive in a foreign land.

515 B.C

Second temple

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Second temple After Cyrus allowed some 40,000 exiles to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. Work on it was completed in 515 B.C.

Present

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Judaism Today Modernity supposes, then, an opening of the traditional Jewish world which, in a certain sense, supposes a new problem within the context of Judaism. The responses to openness and to the new issues that the modern world is facing have resulted in a renewal of Jewish theology, but also deep religious and ideological divisions. While part of the Jewish world applauded the radical innovations of the Reformers, others felt that there had been an abandonment of authentic Judaism. Reform, conservation and orthodoxy are the three main movements of Judaism today.

722 B.C

Babylonians

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Rising Babylonia By 722, the whole northern kingdom had fallen to the Assyrians’ ferocious assault. The southern kingdom of Judah resisted for another 150 years before it too was destroyed. The destruction of Judah was to come at the hands of the Babylonians. After conquering Israel, the Assyrians rapidly lost power to a rising Babylonian empire.

539 B.C

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Babylon's conquest Then about 50 years after the fall of Judah, another change in fortune occurred: in 539 B.C., the Persian king Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon.

445 B.C

Jerusalem's walls

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Reconstruction of Jerusalem's walls The walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt in 445 B.C. Soon, however, other empires dominated the region—first the Persians, then the Greeks, and then the Romans. These new empires would take control both of ancient Palestine and the destiny of the Jewish people.

Conquest

Judaism