UNIT 3HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Table of contents
0. INTRO
1. Primary Vs Secondary sexual characteristics
2. Female reproductive system
3. Puberty in girls
4. The menstrual cycle.
5. Male reproductive system
6. Puberty in boys
7. Pregnancy and birth
What do we know about theHUMAN REPRODUCTION?
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during puberty.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive organs
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during ____________-.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive ____________
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during puberty.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive organs
The female reproductive system
Most female reproductive organs are internal. They are located inside the loower abdomen.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE OVA
The ova are the female reproductive CELLS.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain all of the ova they will have in their life. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to release mature ova.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE _________
The ova are the female reproductive _________.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain _______________________. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to ____________________ mature ova.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE OVA
The ova are the female reproductive CELLS.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain all of the ova they will have in their life. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to release mature ova.
OVARIES
FALLOPIAN TUBES
They carry mature ova from the ovary to the uterus.
FALLOPIAN TUBES
They carry mature __________ from the __________ to the _______________.
UTERUS
It is where a fertilised ovum develops into a baby.
It has muscular walls that contract during birth.
Muscular walls of the uterus
UTERUS
It is where a _________ ovum develops into a __________.
It has _________ walls that __________ during ___________.
UTERuS
It is where a fertilised ovum develops into a baby.
It has muscular walls that contract during birth.
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a narrow opening called the cervix.
CERVIX
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a _________ opening called the _____________.
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a narrow opening called the cervix.
VAGINA
It is a muscular tube that goes from the uterus to the outside of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the vulva.
VAGINA
It is a ______ tube that goes from the _________ to the ______________ of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the __________________.
VAGINA
It is a muscular tube that goes from the uterus to the outside of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the vulva.
Cervix
Ovary
Fallopian tubes
Vagina
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Ovary
Cervix
Vagina
PUBERTY IN GIRLS
Most girls experience puberty between 10 and 16 years of age. They become physically mature and their body changes.
- They grow taller
- The breasts start to develop
- Hair grows in the pubic area and armpits (underarms)
- Glands in the skin produce more oil, which can cause spots or acne.
- Periods
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce hormones that cause the ovaries to realease ova (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra blood and tissue.They leave the body through the vagina.
Approximately every 28 days an ovary releases an ovum into one of the fallopian tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called oestrogen and progesterone. The walls of the uterus become thicker with extra blood and tissue.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce _________________ that cause the ________________ to realease ______________ (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra ___________ and _________.They leave the body through the ____________.
Approximately every 28 days an ________ releases an ___________ into one of the ______________ tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called ___________ and ________________. The walls of the uterus become ________ with extra _________ and ____________.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce hormones that cause the ovaries to realease ova (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra blood and tissue.They leave the body through the vagina.
Approximately every 28 days an ovary releases an ovum into one of the fallopian tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called oestrogen and progesterone. The walls of the uterus become thicker with extra blood and tissue.
PERIOD PRODUCTS
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
When women get older, usually around 50 years of age, their menstrual cycle stops. This is called the menopause.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are external, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce sperm.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are _______, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce ________.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are external, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce sperm.
Sperm cells are oval in shape and have a tail which helps them to reach and move along the fallopian tubes and fertilise the ovum.
Sperm cells are ________ in shape and have a ______ which helps them to reach and move along the __________ and fertilise the ________.
Sperm cells are oval in shape and have a tail which helps them to reach and move along the fallopian tubes and fertilise the ovum.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE SPERM CELLS.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the scrotum.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE __________ ___________.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the ___________.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE SPERM CELLS.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the scrotum.
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called the vasa deferentia (which are about 30 centimetres long)
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two _______ called the vasa ________ (which are about 30 centimetres long)
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called the vasa deferentia (which are about 30 centimetres long)
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called semen.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the __________ ________ to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called __________.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called semen.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to move more easily and it also provides them with nutrients.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
SEMEN (with microscope)
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to _______ more ______ and it also provides them with _______.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to move more easily and it also provides them with nutrients.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
PENIS
The penis is a tubular organ that contains the urethra. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called ejaculation. *Urine is also released from the body through the urethra.
PENIS
The penis is a ________ organ that contains the __________. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called _____________. *___________ is also released from the body through the urethra.
PENIS
The penis is a tubular organ that contains the urethra. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called ejaculation. *Urine is also released from the body through the urethra.
Prostate
Testicle
Seminal vesicles
Penis
Urethra
Scrotum
Vasa deferentia
Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Scrotum
Vasa deferentia
Testicle
Penis
Urethra
PUBERTY IN BOYS
Boys often go through puberty later than girls. Between 11 and 16 years old.Their brain produces hormones that affect the testicles, so they start producing a hormone called testosterone, which causes physical changes:
PUBERTY IN BOYS
- Boys become taller and heavier.
- The reproductive organs grow.
- Their voice become deeper
- Their facial hair starts to grow
- Body hair grows as well (specially in the armpits and pubic area)
- They have spots or acne because their skin produce more oil.
Create a venn diagram with the differences and analogies between puberty in boys and girls.
PUBERTY
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An ovum from the mother - A sperm cell from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An _______ from the mother - A _______ _______ from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An ovum from the mother - A sperm cell from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different genes that parents pass on to the baby.This genetic information determines the baby's characteristics (eye colour...)
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different ________ that parents pass on to the baby.This _______ information determines the baby's ___________ (eye colour...)
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different genes that parents pass on to the baby.This genetic information determines the baby's characteristics (eye colour...)
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
Fertilisation occurs when a sperm cell joins an ovum.
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
During sexual intercourse, the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina.When the man ejaculates, sperm cells are deposited in the vagina. The sperm cells move through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes. Only one sperm cell can fertilise the ovum.
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
Then, the ovum starts to divide and grow in size. It forms a ball of cells called zygote.
From zygote to embryo
After fertilisation occurs, the zygote travels to the uterus. It attaches to the wall of the uterus and it continues to grow and divide. After two weeks, the zygote becomes and embryo. It continues growing and developing until it is about the size of a small grape.
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
At nine weeks, all of the embryo's organs have formed and it becomes a foetus. The foetus floats inside a sac of amniotic fluid. This fluid protects it from impacts and accidents. The foetus is connected to the mother by the umbilical cord and the placenta. The placenta provides the foetus with oxygen and other nutrients. *It also absorbs carbon dioxide and other waste products that the foetus produces*
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
LABOUR AND BIRTH
Pregnancy usually lasts about 280 days (40 weeks). When the baby is ready to be born, the mother goes into labour.
LABOUR
The muscles of the uterus start to contract. These contractions push the baby against the cervix which starts to open.The amniotic sac breaks and the fluid is released.
The baby is pushed through the cervix, into the vagina, (or birth canal), and then out of the mother's body.
Most babies are born head first. The umbilical cord comes out at the same time. Doctors cut and tie the umbilical cord.This is where the baby's navel (or belly button) will form.
LABOUR
Finally, the placenta (or afterbirth) separates from the wall of the uterus and leaves through the birth canal.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
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Transcript
UNIT 3HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Table of contents
0. INTRO
1. Primary Vs Secondary sexual characteristics
2. Female reproductive system
3. Puberty in girls
4. The menstrual cycle.
5. Male reproductive system
6. Puberty in boys
7. Pregnancy and birth
What do we know about theHUMAN REPRODUCTION?
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during puberty.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive organs
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during ____________-.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive ____________
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics
Secondary sexual characteristics
VS
Other physical differences between men and women.They start to appear during puberty.
They are the differences between male and female reproductive organs
The female reproductive system
Most female reproductive organs are internal. They are located inside the loower abdomen.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE OVA
The ova are the female reproductive CELLS.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain all of the ova they will have in their life. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to release mature ova.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE _________
The ova are the female reproductive _________.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain _______________________. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to ____________________ mature ova.
OVARIES
THEY PRODUCE THE OVA
The ova are the female reproductive CELLS.When girls are born, their ovaries already contain all of the ova they will have in their life. It is in their puberty that their ovaries start to release mature ova.
OVARIES
FALLOPIAN TUBES
They carry mature ova from the ovary to the uterus.
FALLOPIAN TUBES
They carry mature __________ from the __________ to the _______________.
UTERUS
It is where a fertilised ovum develops into a baby.
It has muscular walls that contract during birth.
Muscular walls of the uterus
UTERUS
It is where a _________ ovum develops into a __________.
It has _________ walls that __________ during ___________.
UTERuS
It is where a fertilised ovum develops into a baby.
It has muscular walls that contract during birth.
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a narrow opening called the cervix.
CERVIX
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a _________ opening called the _____________.
CERVIX
The baby leaves the uterus through a narrow opening called the cervix.
VAGINA
It is a muscular tube that goes from the uterus to the outside of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the vulva.
VAGINA
It is a ______ tube that goes from the _________ to the ______________ of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the __________________.
VAGINA
It is a muscular tube that goes from the uterus to the outside of the body.The external part of the female reproductive system is called the vulva.
Cervix
Ovary
Fallopian tubes
Vagina
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Ovary
Cervix
Vagina
PUBERTY IN GIRLS
Most girls experience puberty between 10 and 16 years of age. They become physically mature and their body changes.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce hormones that cause the ovaries to realease ova (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra blood and tissue.They leave the body through the vagina.
Approximately every 28 days an ovary releases an ovum into one of the fallopian tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called oestrogen and progesterone. The walls of the uterus become thicker with extra blood and tissue.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce _________________ that cause the ________________ to realease ______________ (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra ___________ and _________.They leave the body through the ____________.
Approximately every 28 days an ________ releases an ___________ into one of the ______________ tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called ___________ and ________________. The walls of the uterus become ________ with extra _________ and ____________.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle usually starts in girls when they are between 10 and 15 years old.The brain starts to produce hormones that cause the ovaries to realease ova (ovulation) and this occurs approximately every 28 days.
14 days approximately
MENSTRUATION / PERIOD
OVULATION
Before ovulation...
If fertilisation does NOT occur, the uterus releases the extra blood and tissue.They leave the body through the vagina.
Approximately every 28 days an ovary releases an ovum into one of the fallopian tubes.
The ovaries release hormones called oestrogen and progesterone. The walls of the uterus become thicker with extra blood and tissue.
PERIOD PRODUCTS
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
When women get older, usually around 50 years of age, their menstrual cycle stops. This is called the menopause.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are external, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce sperm.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are _______, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce ________.
The malereproductive system
Some of the male reproductive organs are external, while others are located inside the lower abdomen. These organs work together to produce sperm.
Sperm cells are oval in shape and have a tail which helps them to reach and move along the fallopian tubes and fertilise the ovum.
Sperm cells are ________ in shape and have a ______ which helps them to reach and move along the __________ and fertilise the ________.
Sperm cells are oval in shape and have a tail which helps them to reach and move along the fallopian tubes and fertilise the ovum.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE SPERM CELLS.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the scrotum.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE __________ ___________.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the ___________.
TESTICLES
THEY PRODUCE THE SPERM CELLS.They produce millions of sperm cells everyday.
They are in a bag of skin called the scrotum.
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called the vasa deferentia (which are about 30 centimetres long)
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two _______ called the vasa ________ (which are about 30 centimetres long)
VASA DEFERENTIA
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called the vasa deferentia (which are about 30 centimetres long)
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called semen.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the __________ ________ to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called __________.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The vasa deferentia carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate.
Both of these produce liquids to make a substance called semen.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to move more easily and it also provides them with nutrients.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
SEMEN (with microscope)
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to _______ more ______ and it also provides them with _______.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
The semen helps the sperm cells to move more easily and it also provides them with nutrients.
SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE
PENIS
The penis is a tubular organ that contains the urethra. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called ejaculation. *Urine is also released from the body through the urethra.
PENIS
The penis is a ________ organ that contains the __________. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called _____________. *___________ is also released from the body through the urethra.
PENIS
The penis is a tubular organ that contains the urethra. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called ejaculation. *Urine is also released from the body through the urethra.
Prostate
Testicle
Seminal vesicles
Penis
Urethra
Scrotum
Vasa deferentia
Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Scrotum
Vasa deferentia
Testicle
Penis
Urethra
PUBERTY IN BOYS
Boys often go through puberty later than girls. Between 11 and 16 years old.Their brain produces hormones that affect the testicles, so they start producing a hormone called testosterone, which causes physical changes:
PUBERTY IN BOYS
Create a venn diagram with the differences and analogies between puberty in boys and girls.
PUBERTY
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An ovum from the mother - A sperm cell from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An _______ from the mother - A _______ _______ from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
Human reproduction begins when a woman becomes pregnant. This recquires two different sex cells:- An ovum from the mother - A sperm cell from the father
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different genes that parents pass on to the baby.This genetic information determines the baby's characteristics (eye colour...)
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different ________ that parents pass on to the baby.This _______ information determines the baby's ___________ (eye colour...)
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
These two cells together contain about 24000 different genes that parents pass on to the baby.This genetic information determines the baby's characteristics (eye colour...)
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
Fertilisation occurs when a sperm cell joins an ovum.
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
During sexual intercourse, the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina.When the man ejaculates, sperm cells are deposited in the vagina. The sperm cells move through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes. Only one sperm cell can fertilise the ovum.
FERTILISATION (FECUNDACIÓN)
Then, the ovum starts to divide and grow in size. It forms a ball of cells called zygote.
From zygote to embryo
After fertilisation occurs, the zygote travels to the uterus. It attaches to the wall of the uterus and it continues to grow and divide. After two weeks, the zygote becomes and embryo. It continues growing and developing until it is about the size of a small grape.
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
At nine weeks, all of the embryo's organs have formed and it becomes a foetus. The foetus floats inside a sac of amniotic fluid. This fluid protects it from impacts and accidents. The foetus is connected to the mother by the umbilical cord and the placenta. The placenta provides the foetus with oxygen and other nutrients. *It also absorbs carbon dioxide and other waste products that the foetus produces*
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
From EMBRYO to FOETUS
LABOUR AND BIRTH
Pregnancy usually lasts about 280 days (40 weeks). When the baby is ready to be born, the mother goes into labour.
LABOUR
The muscles of the uterus start to contract. These contractions push the baby against the cervix which starts to open.The amniotic sac breaks and the fluid is released.
The baby is pushed through the cervix, into the vagina, (or birth canal), and then out of the mother's body.
Most babies are born head first. The umbilical cord comes out at the same time. Doctors cut and tie the umbilical cord.This is where the baby's navel (or belly button) will form.
LABOUR
Finally, the placenta (or afterbirth) separates from the wall of the uterus and leaves through the birth canal.