PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
present perfect simple
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE
S + have / has + past participle
S + have not / has not = haven't / hasn't + past participle
NEGATIVE
Have / Has + S + past participle?
INTERROGATIVE
EXAMPLE: TO TRAVEL
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS I have travelled I have not/haven't travelled Have I travelled? Yes, I have / No, I haven't You have travelled You have not/haven't travelled Have you travelled? Yes, you have / No, you haven't He has travelled He has not/hasn't travelled Has he travelled? Yes, he has / No, he hasn't She has travelled She has not/hasn't travelled Has she travelled? Yes, she has / No, she hasn't It has travelled It has not /hasn't travelled Has it travelled? Yes, it has / No, it hasn't We have travelled We have not/haven't travelled Have we travelled? Yes, we have / No, we haven't You have travelled You have not/haven't travelled Have you travelled? Yes, you have / No, you haven't They have travelled They have not/haven't travelled Have they travelled? Yes, they have / No, they haven't
USE
It refers to unfinished actions that started in the past and continue in the present and past actions that have a consequence in the present. Time expressions: for, since, just, already, yet, ever Examples: He has lived in Canada for five years. I have worked here since 2015. Jim has broken his arm. He can't write. They have just arrived. I have already finished my homework. Has he left yet? Have you ever been to New York?
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE
S + had + past participle
S + had not / hadn't + past participle
NEGATIVE
Had + S + past participle?
INTERROGATIVE
EXAMPLE: TO FLY
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS I had flown I had not/hadn't flown Had I flown? Yes, I had / No, I hadn't You had flown You had not/hadn't flown Had you flown? Yes, you had / No, you hadn't He had flown He had not/hadn't flown Had he flown? Yes, he had / No, he hadn't She had flown She had not/hadn't flown Had she flown? Yes, she had / No, she hadn't It had flown It had not/hadn't flown Had it flown? Yes, it had / No, it hadn't We had flown We had not/hadn't flown Had we flown? Yes, we had / No, we hadn't You had flown You had not/hadn't flown Had you flown? Yes, you had / No, you hadn't They had flown They had not/hadn't flown Had they flown? Yes, they had / No, they hadn't
FORM
It refers to actions that happened in the past before another past action that is in PAST SIMPLE. Examples: John had gone out when I arrived. I had saved my document before the computer crashed. When they arrived, we had already started cooking. She was very tired because she hadn't slept well. The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
Thank you!
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & PAST PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENTATION LESSON 3
Ana Isabel Prieto
Created on February 17, 2023
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Transcript
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
present perfect simple
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE
S + have / has + past participle
S + have not / has not = haven't / hasn't + past participle
NEGATIVE
Have / Has + S + past participle?
INTERROGATIVE
EXAMPLE: TO TRAVEL
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS I have travelled I have not/haven't travelled Have I travelled? Yes, I have / No, I haven't You have travelled You have not/haven't travelled Have you travelled? Yes, you have / No, you haven't He has travelled He has not/hasn't travelled Has he travelled? Yes, he has / No, he hasn't She has travelled She has not/hasn't travelled Has she travelled? Yes, she has / No, she hasn't It has travelled It has not /hasn't travelled Has it travelled? Yes, it has / No, it hasn't We have travelled We have not/haven't travelled Have we travelled? Yes, we have / No, we haven't You have travelled You have not/haven't travelled Have you travelled? Yes, you have / No, you haven't They have travelled They have not/haven't travelled Have they travelled? Yes, they have / No, they haven't
USE
It refers to unfinished actions that started in the past and continue in the present and past actions that have a consequence in the present. Time expressions: for, since, just, already, yet, ever Examples: He has lived in Canada for five years. I have worked here since 2015. Jim has broken his arm. He can't write. They have just arrived. I have already finished my homework. Has he left yet? Have you ever been to New York?
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE
S + had + past participle
S + had not / hadn't + past participle
NEGATIVE
Had + S + past participle?
INTERROGATIVE
EXAMPLE: TO FLY
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS I had flown I had not/hadn't flown Had I flown? Yes, I had / No, I hadn't You had flown You had not/hadn't flown Had you flown? Yes, you had / No, you hadn't He had flown He had not/hadn't flown Had he flown? Yes, he had / No, he hadn't She had flown She had not/hadn't flown Had she flown? Yes, she had / No, she hadn't It had flown It had not/hadn't flown Had it flown? Yes, it had / No, it hadn't We had flown We had not/hadn't flown Had we flown? Yes, we had / No, we hadn't You had flown You had not/hadn't flown Had you flown? Yes, you had / No, you hadn't They had flown They had not/hadn't flown Had they flown? Yes, they had / No, they hadn't
FORM
It refers to actions that happened in the past before another past action that is in PAST SIMPLE. Examples: John had gone out when I arrived. I had saved my document before the computer crashed. When they arrived, we had already started cooking. She was very tired because she hadn't slept well. The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
Thank you!