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sleep sickness 2

Sadaf Liaghat

Created on February 14, 2023

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Transcript

sleep sickness

Lily,Maria,Sadaf

WHERE ?

African Trypanosomiasis, also known as “sleeping sickness”, is caused by microscopic parasites of the species Trypanosoma brucei. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina species), which is found only in sub-Saharan Africa.

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HOW ?

They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly ( Glossina genus) bites which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harbouring human pathogenic parasites. Tsetse flies are found just in sub-Saharan Africa though only certain species transmit the disease.

symptoms

Stage 2: When the parasites invade the central nervous system, the symptoms include: Confusion Sleepiness Sleeping difficulty - insomnia Personality change Seizures Unconsciousness

Stage 1: after few weeks or several months of infection, the symptoms include:Headaches Weakness Weight loss

DEATH RATE

When left untreated, the mortality rate of African sleeping sickness is close to 100%. It is estimated that 50,000 to 500,000 people die from this disease every year

EFFECTS?

Across sub-Saharan Africa, HAT Tbg maintaining 'Control' would lead to a decline in cases and cost US$630.6 million. In comparison, the cost of 'Elimination' programme ranged from US$410.9 million to US$1.2 billion. Maintaining 'Control' would continue to cause impoverishment and financial hardship to households; while all 'Elimination' programme would lead to significant reductions in poverty.

Treatment

Pentamidine: discovered in 1940, used for the treatment of the first stage of T. b. gambiense sleeping sickness. Despite non-negligible undesirable effects, it is in general well tolerated by patients. Suramin: discovered in 1920, used for the treatment of the first stage of T. b. rhodesiense.

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