PRESENT TENSES CHART

Professor Daniel Cruz

PRESENT TENSES

PRESENT SIMPLE

USE:

• Habits
• General truths
• Permanent states
• likes/dislikes
• Timetables (even for future)

Structure: +s/s (he, she , it) -don't/doesn't*infinitive ? Do/Does+subject+infinitive? EX: "We don't usually eat meat "My train leaves tomorrow at 9am" KEY WORDS: frecuency adverbs

present continuous

Present perfect

present perfect continuous

USE:

• Actions happening now
• temporary situations
• future arrangements

Structure: +am/is/are +ing -am not/isn't /aren't +ing ? Am/Is /Are + subject+ing? EX: "Are you reading the newspaper now?" "I'm living with my aunt this month" "We're having dinner next Monday at 8pm" KEY WORDS: NOW, RIGHT NOW, THIS...., TODAY, AT THIS MOMENT

USE

• Action in the past without specifying the time.
• An action that started in the past and is connected with the present.

Structure: +have/has +past participle -haven't / hasn't +PP ?Have / Has + subject + PP? EX: "I haven't seen him for ages" "I have been to London twice" KEYWORDS: JUST, ALREADY, YET, SINCE, FOR, SINCE, EVER, NEVER, SO FAR...

USE:

• Actions that started in the past and continue up to now
• recently completed actions with results visible now

Structure: + have / has been +ing -haven't / hasn't been +ing ?Have / Has +subject+been +ing Ex: "I have been cleaning the house all morning" (you are still cleaning)"I'm so tired! I have been working on the project for 4 hours" (you have just finished and there's a result: you are tired now.) KEY WORDS: Lately, Since, For, How long, all (morning, evening, week, month, year)

Grammar 1

Grammar 2

Didactive Explanition