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Human Studies

Study Guide

ANCIENT ROME

Eastern Roman Empire

Western Roman Empire

• The Eastern Empire spoke Greek.
• It was dominated by the Eastern Orthodox religion and had a more diverse culture influenced by different people.

• The Eastern Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire survived for almost 1000 more years before being overtaken by the Ottoman Empire in 1453.

• The Western Empire spoke Latin.
• The Western Empire was Roman Catholic and practiced traditional Roman culture.
• The Western Empire suffered from multiple invasions by barbarian tribes and was finally sacked in 476 CE.

Where did the Native Americans come from?

Native Americans: Lifestyle

Some tribes were nomads. This meant that the entire village would travel from place to place. On the other hand, dwellers, would stay and settle in a specific place. Each tribe performed daily activities based on their needs: hunting, gathering, creating tools, fishing, farming, house chores, and more.

Byzantine Empire

Origins

Previous Eastern Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire's origins can be traced to 330 - 1453 CE. Its capital city was Constantinople, located on trade routes between Europe and Asia, and the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Decline

Political issues and the rise and prosperity of other Empires.East-West Schism, or the formal declaration of institutional separation between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church.The Crusades, a series of religious-driven wars, weakened the Empire. Finally, the Empire came to an end with the attack of the Ottoman Empire.

Justinian I

• Justinian’s armies conquered part of the former Western Roman Empire, including North Africa.
• Many great monuments would be built under Justinian, one example is Hagia Sophia.
• Roman law was codified, which came to be known as Corpus Juris Civilis, creating a Byzantine legal code.
• After Justinian's death; territories were lost and monuments destroyed.

RENAISSANCE

What was the Renaissance?

The Renaissance was a period of European cultural, artistic, political, and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages that started in the 1300s and ended around the 1600s.

Humanism

Humanism promoted the idea that humans are at the center of their own universe and should embrace human achievements in education, classical arts, literature, and science.