Conjunctions

Welcome to class

Let's take a look at conjuctions.

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Index

Conjunctions1.Coordinate 2.Subordinate

3.Subjunctive Adverbs

Practice

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Conjunctions

FANBOYS

Coordinating conjunctions are used to join two parts of a sentence that are grammatically equal. The two parts may be single words or clauses, for example:

Jack and Jill went up the hill. The water was warm, but I didn't go swimming.

Subordinating conjunctions are used to join a subordinate dependent clause to a main clause, for example:

I went swimming although it was cold.David and Barb are drinking hot chocolate because they don't like coffee.

Conjunctions have three basic formats

A) single word for example: and, but, because, although B) compound (often ending with as or that) for example: provided that, as long as, in order that C) correlative (surrounding an adverb or adjective) for example: so...that

Where do they go?

Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they join. Subordinating conjunctions usually come at the beginning of the subordinate clause.

Coordinating Conjunctions

A coordinating conjunction shows that the elements it joins are similar in importance and structure

I like [tea] and [coffee]. [Ram likes tea], but [Anthony likes coffee].

When a coordinating conjunction joins independent clauses, it is always correct to place a comma before the conjunction

I want to work as an interpreter in the future, so I am studying Russian at my university.

However, if the independent clauses are short and well-balanced, a comma is not really essential

She is kind so she helps people.

When "and" is used with the last word of a list, a comma is optional

He drinks lemonade, Cola, and water. He drinks lemonade, Cola and water.

Subordinating Conjunctions

Join a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main (independent) clause

Here are some common subordinating conjunctions after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while

Look at this example:

A subordinating conjunction always comes at the beginning of a subordinate clause. It "introduces" a subordinate clause. However, a subordinate clause can come after or before a main clause. Thus, two structures are possible:

Ram went swimming although it was raining.

Although it was raining, Ram went swimming.

Conjunctive

Adverbs

Info

Therefore

Meanwhile

Otherwise

However

Also

Thank you!