PSYCHOLOGY PRESENTATION

psychological Perspective of the self

Chapter 4

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· Psychology

· Psychology of studying self

· The Self and It Selves

· Three (3) categories of Self Understanding

· The Material, Social, and Spiritual Self

· Conception of Self

· Concept of Unified and Multiple Self

· ID, Ego, Superego

· Two (2) important vision of mind

· True Self and Fake Self

01

Psychology

Psychology has various ways of understanding a person and the therapist way of helping people understand themselves. Self by definition is a reference by an individual to the same individual person. Having its own or single character as a person, referring to the person as same individual.

Psychology of studying self

Is about either the COGNITIVE and AFFECTIVE representation of one's identity or the subject of experience. The earliest formulation of the self inmodern psychology forms the distinction between the self as I, the person knower, andthe self as Me, the person that is known.

“The Self and It Selves”

William James, a psychologist, has introduced in his document The Principles of Psychology (1890)a numerous concepts and distinction of self. For James, his main concepts of self are the:

"Me-Self"the phenomenal self, the experienced self or the self as known. It is the self that has experience the phenomena and who had known the situation.

"I-Self"the self-thought or the self-knower

Three (3) Categories ofSelf Understanding

James had claimed that the understanding of Self can be separated into three categories:

3. The actions to which they prompt - Self- seeking and Self-preservation

2. The feeling and emotion they arouse- Self- feelings

1. Its Constituents

(James, 1890, p162)

Spiritual Self The most intimate self, the spiritual self. It is the most intimate because it is more satisfying for the person that they have the ability to argue and discriminate one’s moral sensibility, conscience and indomitable will.

Social Self based on our interactions with society and the reaction of people towards us.It is our social self that thought to have multiple divergence or different version of ourselves. It varies as to how we present ourselves to a particular social group.

Material Selfconstituted by our bodies, clothes, immediate family and home. It is in this that we attached more deeply into and therefore we are most affected by because of the investment we give to these things.

Incongruent

Congruent

SelfImage

SelfWorth

SelfWorth

SelfImage

IdealSelf

IdealSelf

Conception of Self

Carl Rogers, had come up with his conception of self through the intervention he used for his client, the Person-centered therapy.It is a non-directive intervention because it believes that all people have the potential to solve their own problems. Rogers believe that people must be fully honest with themselves in order to have personal discovery on oneself. In this concept of self, he had come up with three sides of a triangle.

a. The Percieved Self (Self worth - how the person sees self & others sees them).

a. The Percieved Self

b. The Real Self (Self Image - How the person really is).

c. The Ideal Self (How the person would like to be)

c. The Ideal Self

b. The Real Self

Concept of Unified and Multiple Self

As DanielCW (2016) wrote in his article “Psychoanalysis vs Postmodern Psychology”he has emphasized how Freud percieved person as a unified beings and Gergens concept of multiple “selves”

ID, Ego, Superego

ID as the center of primitive, animalistic impluses (sex, food & comfort) following the pleasure principle.Superego as the center for ethical imperative. The one that reminds the self of what is right of wrong following morality principle. And the Ego as the moderator between these two which was driven by rationality principle.

Two (2) Important Vision of Mind

Unconscious as thoughts that we are not aware of.

Consciousare the thoughts that we are aware of.

Although, Freud has argued that self has a multiple parts, he still believed that ultimately we are a Unified beings (Atleast, when we are healthy). Ego remains at the helm of mind, guiding the Id and Superego and staying at the center. Thus Gergen argued that having a flexible sense of self allows for multiple “selves”. That it is up to the the self to define himself as warm or cold, dominant or submissive, sexy or plain.

According to Kenneth Gergen, proponent of Post modern Psychology, The individual has many potential selves.. He carries within him the capacity to identify himself, whether warm or cold, dominant or submissive, sexy or plain. How we bring ourselves in every situation will held him get through for a day. Therefore, maybe it is healthy to have many mask. Multiple selfhood is part of what it means to be human, and forcing oneself to stick to one self-concept maybe unhealthy.

True Self, as rooted from early infancy is called the simple being. The sense of self based on spontaneous authentic experience and feeling of being alive, having “real self”. Example, as a baby we react base on our sense of reality. The baby reacted spontaneously based on our instinctual sense.

Fake Self, is our defense facade. Overlaying or contradicting the original sense of self. Problem would be we might build false set of relationship through concealing a barren emptiness behind an independent-seeming façade.

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