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Members:Gustavo Risco Gabriela Astudillo Danica Palacios Valentina Torres Juan Zambrano Matías Idrovo

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modern history

Kings of XIV-XVI

Teacher: John Ibañez

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King of Spain from 1556–1598

Philip II

William the Silent

King of Portugal from 1495 to 1521

King Manuel I

King of France from 1589 to 1610

Henry IV

King of Germany Kingdom from 1508-1519

Maximilian I

Queen of England from 1553 to 1558

Mary I "the Bloody"

Relevants kings from the XIV - XVI century

KINGS OF XIV-XVI

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King of Netherlands from 15 July 1544 to 1584

Modern History

KINGS OF XIV-XVI

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CARAVAGGIO - Museo Prado

King of Portugal from 1495 to 1521

• He was born on May 31, 1469, Alcochete, Port.
• The discovery of Brazil.
• He restored the powerful Braganza faction, exiled under his predecessor.
• He turned the nobility into a pensioned clientele of the monarchy, and he ordered a revision of the legal code to bolster the royal supremacy.
• Manuel bolstered the Portuguese presence in Morocco.
• He died December 1521 in Lisbon.

King Manuel I

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CARAVAGGIO - Museo Prado

King of Germany Kingdom from 1508-1519

He was born 22 March 1459 Wiener Neustadt, Austria , was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. He added vast lands to the traditional Austrian holdings, securing the Netherlands by his own marriage. He created the Landsknecht, a body of well-organized mercenaries, and fought a series of wars against the French, mostly in Italy. Finally he died January 12, 1519 (aged 59) Wels, Austria.

Maximiliano I

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CARAVAGGIO - Mueso Prado

Achievements:Led the revolt of the Low Countries against Spain Created the independent republic of the United Provinces. He declared an outlaw by the Spanish king in 1580 He consistently fight for religious and personal freedom He establish the independent Dutch Republic

Birth: He was born in 24 April 1533, Dilenburg, Country of Nassau, Holy Roman Empire.

Death:He died in 10 July 1584 (aged 51) Delft, Country of Holland, Dutch republic

William the Silent

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DEATH: Mary Tudor died on November 17, 1558 at St. James's Palace. She was buried in Westminster Abbey. Years later her half-sister Elizabeth, who succeeded her on the throne and reinstated Protestantism, would rest at her side.

BIRTH: Mary Tudor was born on February 16, 1516. She was the fifth child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon but the only one to survive past infancy.

Queen of England from 1553 to 1558

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Mary I "the Bloody"

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ACHIEVEMENTS: She was the first Queen of England in her own right, excluding the disputed reigns of Matilda I and Joanna I. She restored papal supremacy in England, abandoned the title of Supreme Head of the Church . She reintroduced Roman Catholic bishops and began the slow reintroduction of monastic orders. She revived the old heresy laws to secure the religious conversion of the country. Maria undertook a fierce repression against all those opposed to the reinstatement of Catholicism, condemning 273 people to the stake. And that is why she takes the name of bloody Mary.

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He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a Catholic zealot.

Born Dec. 13, 1553, Pau, Béarn, Navarra.

King of France from 1589 to 1610

HENRY IV

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As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion. Henry became king of France in 1589 upon the death of Henry III, his brother-in-law and distant cousin. He was the first French monarch from the House of Bourbon. As a pragmatic politician , he promulgated the Edict of Nantes (1598), which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the French Wars of Religion. .

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Upon Philip’s death in 1598, his second son ascended the throne as Philip III.

Its successes, however, were also great. Under Philip, the Ottomans were defeated (1571), the spread of Protestantism in Italy and Spain was prevented, and a literary Golden Age began.

The failures of Philip’s government were great: it failed to suppress the revolt of the Netherlands (beginning in 1566), and it sacrificed the “Invincible Armada” to the English in 1588.

Philip II is remembered both for his failures and for his successes. As a ruler, Philip was stubborn, bitter, and paranoid—and his court was no better. It was slow and ineffective, prone to factionalism and infighting.

Philip II was born on May 21, 1527, in Valladolid, Spain. Philip was the son of Charles V—the reigning Holy Roman emperor—and Isabella of Portugal. Philip was prepared to succeed Charles almost from birth.

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Philip II

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King of Spain from 1556–1598

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Mercantilism also bring negative aspects, as it brought about many acts against humanity, including slavery and an imbalanced system of trade.

BUSINESS - Summary

Mercantilism exists to increase a country's wealth through its exports. British economic growth was propelled by raw materials supplied by its colonies so the nation could export finished products.

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mercaNtilism

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Weakness

1. Mercantilism brought about many acts against humanity
2. Mercantilism reduces trade and cooperation between countries
3. It creates a preference for the mother nation to always be first.
4. It creates high levels of resentment.
5. There is always a risk of local raw materials and resources running out.

Business

Strengths

1. Encouragement of exports:
2. Development of domestic industries:
3. Increase in state power
4. Limited dependence on foreign countries
5. A Stronger and More Influential Nation

mercantilism of the era

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La primavera

Fine Arts

The garden’s lush greenery is an allegory for the growth brought on by the spring season; in fact, the naturalistic scene is so elaborate that there are hundreds of types of flowers and plants.

‘La Primavera’, also known as ‘Allegory of Spring’, a painting that Botticelli completed around 1482

The work shows a group of mythological figures in a garden, including Venus, who stands at the center of the composition.

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