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L2 - Battle of Britain

Kapow!

Created on December 22, 2022

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Transcript

Battle of Britain - how was it won?

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Contents

Phase three

Phase one

Phase two

How did the Battle of Britain change WW2?

Phase four

Venn diagram activity

Winston Churchill’s speech

How did the Battle of Britain change WW2?

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Phase one.

10 July – 31 October 1940 The Royal Air Force (RAF) and the German Luftwaffe fought above the skies of Britain. The Luftwaffe attacked shipping in the English Channel, targeting ports and radar stations. On 16 July, Hitler prepared for Operation Sea Lion – the invasion of Britain. He demanded ‘the British Air Force must be eliminated to such an extent that it will be incapable of putting up any sustained opposition to the invading troops’.

John Frost Newspapers / Alamy Stock Photo

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Phase two.

13 – 18 August 1940 The Luftwaffe bombed airfields and radar stations, targeting valuable aircraft in the south east of England.

Geopix / Alamy Stock Photo

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Phase three.

19 August – 6 September 1940 The Luftwaffe continued to bomb towns, cities and airfields across the south coast of England, the Midlands and North East. During the raids, a German bomber got lost and accidentally dropped a bomb on London. This sparked a retaliation from the RAF who launched their first bombing raid on Berlin, Germany.

Pictorial Press Ltd / Alamy Stock Photo

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Phase four.

7 September – 31 October 1940 German bombing targeted London and other major British cities. The Luftwaffe targeted British cities at night and focused on military targets during the day. On 15 September 1940 – known as ‘Battle of Britain Day’ - the Luftwaffe launched its heaviest bombing raid on London yet, in an attempt to draw out the RAF and destroy them. The RAF fought back, resulting in heavy Luftwaffe losses. As a result, Hitler postponed Operation Sea Lion on 17 September. The RAF succeeded and the Battle of Britain soon came to an end.

Gary Eason / Flight Artworks / Alamy Stock Photo

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Venn diagram activity.

Drag and drop the statements.

RAF advantage
Luftwaffe advantage
Both

British code-breakers in Bletchley Park were able to intercept and decode top-secret German radio messages.

It took five minutes for German planes to cross the Channel but 15 minutes for RAF planes to get airborne.

Britain rapidly increased the production of fighter planes throughout 1940.

In July 1940, the Luftwaffe had 2,600 aircraft; the RAF had 640 aircraft.

Many RAF pilots were reservists or part-timers.

The British Spitfire and German Messerschmitt had a similar top speed of around 360 miles per hour.

German losses were greater than British ones: by September 1940, the Luftwaffe had lost 600 aircraft and the RAF only 260.

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

How did the Battle of Britain change WW2?

Shawshots / Alamy Stock Photo

After the RAF’s successful defence, Germany eventually realised they were not going to gain control of British airspace. In October 1940, the Nazis stopped their planned invasion of Britain. Instead however, the Luftwaffe focused on targeting British cities, towns and industrial areas. The aim was not to invade Britain but to disrupt the war effort and break the spirit of the British people.

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

How did the Battle of Britain change WW2?

Shawshots / Alamy Stock Photo

This event would eventually become known as ‘the Blitz’. Similarly, the RAF’s increasingly powerful fleet intensified their attacks on German cities. Hitler would later turn his military eastward against Russia, leaving just his submarines to try to destroy supplies and food being shipped to Britain.

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com

Winston Churchill’s speech

In a speech in parliament, the British prime minister, Winston Churchill, paid tribute to the efforts made by the RAF fighter pilots and bomber crews to establish air superiority over England.

©2023 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com
©2022 Kapow Primary
www.kapowprimary.com