Grammar project

Communicative grammar

Final project

Analysing grammatical phenomena and structures ( based on the material of the book "The Moon and Sixpence" by Somerset Mougham)

Name: Grishina Sveta Group: 220212

the Use of tenses

3. Past Perfect ContinuousShe asked me what I had been doing with myself during summer. (an action continuing up to a moment in the past) 4. Past Perfect Simple They discovered to their amazement that where they had seen but an unsuccessful artist, like another, authentic genius had rubbed shoulders with them there began to appear a succession of articles. (an action completed before another action in the past)

1. Future Perfect Simple Sooner or later he`ll be quite ready to come back to London, and no great harm will have been done. (an action which will be finished by a certain time in future) 2. Present Perfect Continuous And then, all of a sudden you can`t stand this anymore, and you notice that all the time your feet have been walking in the mud. (an action stopping just before the present moment, which has a result in the present)

Clauses

3. Adverbial clauses He came back, fawing like a clumsy dog, though he knew that his only meeting would be the blow he dreaded. (of concession; nominal clause) He was indifferent to the susceptibilities of others, and when he wounded them was amused. (of time)

1. Nominal clause I do not know why Strickland put up with me. 2. Relative clause He seems to me to be possessed by some power which is using him for its own ends, and in whose hold he is as helpless as a fly in a spider`s web. He didn`t seem to care much about the Paris he was now seeing for the first time.

Clauses

She had a flat in Westminster, overlooking the unfinished cathidral, and because we lived in the same neighbourhood we felt friendly disposed to one another. (of reason)

Adverbial clauses Strickland was taking her family to the coast of Norflock, so that the children might have the sea and the husband golf. (of purpose) Don`t blame me if you had a very dull evening. (of condition)

Conditionals

You never get any work out of the natives unless you have a white man over them.

You`ll meet him if you dine there.I told her that if she wanted writers she must feed them well.

But I should be thrice a fool if I did it for aught but my own entertainment.

I shouldn`t have minded if he`d said my pictures were bad.

mixed

If that were so, he would have been such a fool as to give his partner his address.

Subjunctive mood

4. He`d better not let me catch sight of him. (Subjunctive II, present) 7. It`s as though someone had cast a spell over him. (Subjunctive II, past) 5. But i do not suppose I should ever have set down my recollections if the hazards of the war had not taken me to Tahiti. (Conditional, past; Subjunctive II, past) 6. I could have forgiven it if he`d fallen desperately in love with someone and gone off with her. (Subjunctive II, past)

1. I saw that now he wished with all his heart that he had held his tongue. (Subjunctive II, past) 2. I am as indifferent to him as if he were a stranger. ( Subjunctive II, present) 2. It may seem unnecessary that I should write more. (Suppositional, present) 3. It is not strange, then, that those who wrote of him should have eked out their scanty recollections with a lively fancy. (Suppositional, past)

I forget who it was that recommended men for their soul`s good to do each day two things they disliked. It was at her house one day that I met Strickland`s wife. The moral I draw is that the writer should seek his reward in the pleasure of his work and in release from the burden of his thought; and, indifferent to aught else, care nothing for praise or censure, failure or success.

Cleft-sentences

It`s only right that you shouldn`t disapprove of me. It was his smile that made me ask him. But one thing can never be doubtful, and that is that he had genius. What is it exactly that you want me to do?

Inversion fronting

I could only repeat that by no word, by no hinted gesture, had she given an indication of her feelings.

I do not suppose he had ever notised how dingy was the paper on the wall.

"What do you mean?" cried Mrs. Stricklend with the utmost astonishment.

I fancied there was in his tone a slight note of exasperation.

Ellipsis

-"I wasn`t quite sure if you expected me" -"Of course I did..." Did she want to see me or did she not? And when no food was to be had he was capable of doing without.

"You are in a great hurry," he said cordially. "I am," I answered briefly. "I`ll walk along with you," he said. "Why?" I asked. "For the pleasure of your society."

Conclusion

While analysing the book grammatically I`ve drawn several conclusions. 1. The suppositional is used very often in the book (the author is Brittish).2. The author uses a lot of cleft-sentences because he wants to emphises important details and it`s his style of writing. 3. Ellipsis is also used very often and not only in the direct speech but also in the author`s words. 4. Inversion is not often used by the author as it more belongs to an official style rather than the literary one.

Thank you