MODERN OLYMPICS

ModernOlympics

Authors: Filippo Benvegnù, John Gonzales, Mario Triventi

.The man who brought it back

• The Olympic Games were not held again for almost 15 centuries.
• They were revived in 1896 by Pierre De Coubertin.

The role of the Olympic Games

• Education, better physical and mental health.
• Every 4 years, first in Athens.
• "The important thing is not to win but to partcipate".

Olympics vs war

The dream of De Coubertin:

• The Olympics with a peace function as in the past.
• In the periods between the two world wars, the opposite happened

1916, World War I1940, World War II 1944, World War II In this years the Olympic Games were not held

Olympic sport

Competitions were held in:

Today Olympics flag was also created during those first Olympic Games. Each intertwining circles represents a continent.

swimming,boxing, shooting, skiing, riding, sledging, ice hockey, gymnastics, rowing, cycling, skating, wrestling, athletics, fencing, sailing, weightlifting.

We also had optional sports like:

black : Africa,blue : Europe, green : Australia, red : America, yellow : Asia.

hockey,rugby, tennis, basketball, roller skating, football.

05. Sport in totalitarian regimes

Two main regimes: fascism and nazism

Main purpose:

Italy (fascism) wanted to use sports as a tool to bring italian citizens together Germany (nazism) was more radical and wanted to show their supremacy over the other countries

06. Italy and Germany

• Fascism reaches its peak in 1934 when Italy won at soccer

• Hitler wanted to use the Olympics to show the supremacy of Germany towards the other countries

• Jesse Owens destroys Hitler plans by winning 4 gold medals

07. Two major innovations

The high level of economic intervention

The construction of Olympic village

• The nations decided to use the olympics to show the prestige and the economic progress of their own nation

• Is an accomodation center built for Olympic Games
• Built to house all participating athletes

08. USA vs USSR

After the end of World War II sport begins to assume a political value

The world was divided in two blocs

• The capitalist countries, headed by the USA

• The communist countries, under the USSR

09. Other Olympics

Boycotts and exclusions

Up to the Los Angeles edition in 1984, several Olympic Games were marked by incidents and attacks

• London 1948, first Olympics after the war

• Melbourne 1956, several defections for political reasons

• Mexico City 1968, protest by US black athletes

10. Mexico City 1968

Carlos, Smith and Norman

• The two black athletes raised their fists covered by a black glove during the award ceremony of the 200 m

• At the time, forms of racial segregation still persisted in the US and Martin Luther King had recently been assassinated

• The white Australian athlete, silver medallist in the same competition, supported the protest too

11. Munich 1972, Montreal 1976

Terrorism hits the Olympics

Friction between China and Taiwan

Canada, in favour of China, excluded Taiwan from the Olympic Games

The Black September organisation kidnapped a group of Israeli athletes and companions

12. Moscow 1980, LA 1984

After 1984

The Cold War

Due to the political clash between the two powers, the US did not participate in the Moscow Olympics and Russia did not participate in the Los Angeles Olympics

The fall of the Berlin Wall decreed the end of the Cold War. There were no more big problems in holding the Olympics

13.

Linkography

• https://www.history.com/news/1968-mexico-city-black-power-protest-backlash
• https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/47122488
• https://zicxa.com/blog/topic/olympic-games
• https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Village,_London
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany
• https://usshm.org/Antisimetism/What-is-antisimetism/Origins-of-neo.-nazi.-and-white-supremacist-terms-and-symbols
• https://ilmitte.com/2014/03/berlino-jesse-owens/
• https://www.raicultura.it/storia/foto/2021/05/Monaco-1972-4d6c83d0-6c19-485d-9d5d-9ac4ba468450.html
• https://www.istockphoto.com/it/search/2/image?phrase=usa+russia+flag

• https://www.peakpx.com/en/serach?q=olympic
• https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2012/08/wrapping-up-the-london-olympicsin-1948.html
• https://images.app.goo.gl/YoQYeUbv9D8ZDhqt5
• https://images.app.goo.gl/haJi7XGdjfP3EwUD8
• https://images.app.goo.gl/MWVC6tomabEpTrbWA
• https://images.app.goo.gl/EcBAvgxayK4z1gSp7
• https://images.app.goo.gl/uTcKxYrryipQC7x5y5
• https://images.app.goo.gl/pKAMU9pAs5pmxYZj7
• https://images.app.goo.gl/mb4kvXv9jvvqC1fD6
• https://images.app.goo.gl/xdgquhipvrPxQ2oR8
• https://images.app.goo.gl/1EP9vHvXdrhiMTUr8
• https://www.quotidianodelsud.it/nazionale/sport/altri-sport/2016/08/13/speciale-olimpiadi-la-crisi-nelle-edizioni-di-montreal-1976-e-mosca-1980

Thanksfor your attention

Any question?