Presentation - Group 6

Presenting the Article

Who will lead and Who will follow ? Social Process of Leadership Construction in Organizations

Group 6 Moritz Mosel Mathilde Petrini Kola Kermabon Hạnh Nguyên Võ Ashish D. Louis Marmonier

TABLE OF CONTENT

LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION Mathilde & Kola

INTRODUCTION Mortiz

ANTECEDENTS FOR LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION Moritz & Hanh

CLAIMING & GRANTING LEADERSHIP IDENTITY Ash & Louis

FUTURE RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS Mortiz

KEY TAKEAWAYS & DISCUSSION Louis, Mathilde & Kola

INTRODUCTION

leader/ follower identity construction process

antecedents fostering the process

Claiming & Granting of Identity

Reciprocal & Mutual Reinforcing

Leader/ Follower Identity Construction Process

LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION

Description of the theory and reciprocal nature

Individual Internalization

Collective Endorsement

Relational Recognition

• Identity of leader/follower is shaped by their self-concept

• Leader/follower considered as various roles/ role of relationship

• Leader/follower come from broader social environment

Away from a static and hierarchical conception & toward a more dynamic, social, relational concept

"Leadership is a reciprocal relationship . . . any discussion of relationship must attend the dynamics of this relationship" - Kouzer & Posner

LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

Clarity and acceptance of leader - follower relationship

CLAIMING & GRANTING LEADERSHIP IDENTITY

Explanation of Granting and Claiming Dynamics and theory

"Claim to be leader" vs "Grant leadership"

Where is leadership identity from ?

• Theory of “Identity work”
• Projecting an image

• Claiming: action to assert their identity as either a leader or a follower

• Granting: action to bestow a leader or follower identity onto another

Reciprocal Nature of Claiming & Granting a leadership identity

Two dimensions: verbal/nonverbal & direct/indirect

• Directly verbal acts of claming and granting leader
• Direct non-verbal
• Indirect claims (i.e. ”social climbing”)

• Positive spiral: when there’s frequent granting to a focal individual => behave differently to claim their spot

• Negative spiral: claiming & granting is not positively reinforced

nature of claiming and granting a leadership identity depends on (1) Leadership Structure Schemas

Successful

Unsuccessful

VS

+info

nature of claiming and granting a leadership identity depends on (2) Visibility. Clarity & Credibility

• Sustaining the reciprocal nature of the leadership identity construction process

• Examples of the Importance of Visibility, Clarity & Credibility: choosing the next CEO & secretly climbing to the top

KEY WORD: TRANSPARENCY

nature of claiming and granting a leadership identity depends on (3) influence of past claims and grants

• Conscious or unconscious phenomenon of influence from the past.

Future Identity

Past Identity

• If the context does not change or changes very little, the behavioral responses of individuals will not differ much.
• The effect of history can lead to the perpetuation of status in a new situation even with new people, whether at the claim or grant level.

ANTECEDENTS FOR LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION

Explanation of the influence of antecedents and its theory

Implicit Theory of Leadership

• Affect categorization in social groups (self-categorization theory)

Motivational Risks and Rewards

LEADER

• For internalizing particular identities (social psychology)

Institutional Structures

• Shaping individuals identity construction (sociology)

FOLLOWER

Explanation of the influence of antecedents and its theory (1) iMPLICIT THEORY OF LEADERSHIP

• The more consistency between others attributes and implicit theory of leadership ==> GRANT

• The more consistency between own attributes and implicit theory of leadership ==> CLAIM

Explanation of the influence of antecedents and its theory (2) Motivational risks & rewards

Leader

Power, promotion, status, etc.

More likely to claim leader identity & grant follower identity to others

Socially valued rewards

• Self-interest shapes human behavior and action

Less complex, more certain

Follower identity

Level of risk

Leader identity

More complex, uncertain

• Level of risks => decisions on leader/follower identities

Explanation of the influence of antecedents and its theory (3) INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES

• Leader/follower identity takes place when formal structures are themselves an institutionalized form of leader/follower grants
• People with supervisory roles => granted with leader identity by others & claim leader identity & grant follower identity to others
• Ex: senior managers, TLT (CEO, COO, etc. )

Leader identity

Grant leader identity to people w/ supervisory roles

Follower identity

Claim leader identity & grant follower identity

Leader/follower identity follows:

• Individual internationalization
• Relational recognition
• Collective endorsement

FUTURE RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS

Implications for Further Research: Research Possibilities

KEY TAKEAWAYS & DISCUSSION

KEY TAKEAWAYS

INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION

ANTECEDENTS FOR LEADERSHIP IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION

CLAIMING AND GRANTING LEADERSHIP IDENTITY

Dynamic process that unfolds:

• From the individual internalizing an identity

• Over Relational Recognition of that identity

• To Collective endorsement of that identity

A granting and claiming dynamic:

• Claiming & granting comes in different forms, and the identity construction requires clarity, visibility and credibility.

• This process is subject to time continuity and can work or not.

Members of organizations are influenced by certain aspects in their identity construction process:

• Their mental models of leaders and followers

• Risks and Rewards connected to claiming a certain identity

• Institutional Structures that impose certain hierarchies and norms

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

​​Question 1: Can a leadership identity be collectively endorsed and relationally recognized if it is not individually internalized?

​​Question 2: Do you think a leadership identity construction process in a group can still be successful after a failed claim or grant?

THANKS!

Group 6