PLAGIArism, CITing sources and writing a bibliography
A SURVIVAL GUIDE
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PLAGIARISM
- Types of plagiarism and fraud
In-Text Citations
- Citing a secondary source
BiBLIOGRAPHY
- Reference entry for book, journal article
- Reference entry for report/study, newspaper
- Reference entry for generative AI
NEXT
don't fall into the trap!
What is plagiarism?
Almost everyone knows that copying and pasting someone else's text without mentioning the source is plagiarism.
previous
NEXT
But many people do not know that plagiarism is also:
Using artificial intelligence generated content in an assignment or exam, without authorization and explicit mention.
Reformulating or translating an author's idea (paraphrase) without mentioning the source.
Copying a passage without mentioning the source.
Doing a piece of work collectively that should be done individually; or asking someone else to do it for you (fraud).
Using graphic content, images, tables and figures without attribution.
Presenting the same work or part of it in several courses without the agreement of the professors.
Presenting research data that has been falsified or fabricated.
what do you risk if you plagiarize?
previous
next
To avoid plagiarism: indicate the sources
ORGANIZE YOUR SOURCES
To save time and improve your efficiency: use Zotero
In a few clicks, you can:
collect your sources as you do your research in one place;
enrich your references by adding notes and documents;
insert your quotes as you write and automatically generate your bibliography.
To install ZOTERO, go to the documentation page, installation section of Zotero website
next
previous
CITING SOURCES IN THE BODY OF THE TEXT
INDICATE YOUR SOURCES ACCORDING TO APA STYLE
When copying word for word (exact quotation) or reformulating sentences (paraphrase) from others, indicate in the text: the author, the date of publication and the page number.
You can mention the author in brackets:
The author states that "..." (Rubinstein, 2006, p. 15).A recent study (Rubinstein, 2006) revealed that...
You can insert the author's name in the logic of the sentence (narrative citation):
As defined by Rubinstein (2006, p. 15): "...".Rubinstein (2006) observed that...In 2006, Rubinstein wrote: "..." (p. 15)
previous
next
Cite AI in the text according to its use
The use of AI must be mentioned to ensure the transparency of your work. Depending on how it is used, you may cite:
- a specific conversation (chat) → in standard APA source format
- or the AI tool in general → in APA software format
Cite a chat with AI (specific conversation) When you use a specific response generated by AI:- a generated definition- an analysis or a summary- an image or content produced by AI You cite in the text the company + the year of the chat:In parentheses : (OpenAI, 2025)Narrative citation : Mistral (2026)
Cite an AI tool in generalWhen AI has helped you in your work, for example to:- rephrase or translate text- correct grammar- generate and structure ideas You cite in the text the company + the year the tool was updated:In parentheses : (OpenAI, 2025) Narrative citation : Mistral (2026)
previous
next
USING QUOTATION MARKS PROPERLY
The rules for presenting sources in the body of the text vary depending on the size of the text, but also on the way you use it.
next
previous
Citing sources with several authors
- Separate authors' names with a comma.
- The last name in the list is preceded by an ampersand "&" for a source in parentheses or "and" in the logic of the sentence (narrative citation).
- Use "et al." for citations to sources with three or more authors.
Summary table: in-text citations with multiple authors
next
previous
Citing an author who cites another author: secondary source
Avoid using a secondary source to cite the original source. Instead, try to find the original text and quote it directly.
When to use a secondary source?
If the original source is not accessible (rare source, deleted internet page, out of print work...).
If you are interested in the analysis of the original source, by a more recent author.
How to cite a secondary source?
previous
next
LIST YOUR SOURCES IN A STRUCTURED BIBLIOGRAPHY ACCORDING TO APA STYLE
previous
next
Citing your sources in the bibliography
All the sources you cite in the text must also be cited in the bibliography according to the rules below:
One and a half line spacing separates each reference. The bibliographic reference is single-spaced.
Your sources should be listed in the alphabetical order of the authors' names. If you have several sources written by the same author(s), sort them by date of publication.
If there is no author's name, use the title of the article instead.
Place the bibliography at the end of the text, just before the appendices.
TO SAVE TIME, make your bibliography automatically with ZOTERO!
next
previous
bibliographic citation Examples by type of work
BOOK
Author, A., & Author, B. (year). Title of book (xth ed.). Publisher. URL or DOI (if online source )
exAmple
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Author, A., & Author, B. (year). Title of article, Title of journal, volume(number), xx-yy. URL or DOI (of online source)
exAmple
previous
next
MORE examples of bibliographical references
REPORT / CASE STUDY
Author, A. (year). Title of report/study. Publisher. URL
exAmple
NEWSPAPER ARTICLE
Author, A. (date). Title of article. Title of newspaper. URL
exAmple
previous
next
Citing AI in your bibliography
If you have used AI as a source and cite a specific conversation (chat) in the text => use the APA format for a standard source:
Company. (year, month day). Title of chat [Description]. Tool Name/Model. URL of the chat
exAmple
When AI is used as a writing assistance tool (editing, translation, style improvement, etc.) => use the APA format for software:
Company. (year). Tool Name/Model [Description]. URL of the tool
exAmple
previous
next
LEARN MORE ABOUT CITING SOURCES WITH APA STYLE
Visit their web page about in-text citation.
Discover their guide for a bibliographic reference by type of work.
View examples of common types of references.
Check out the book containing the APA's complete citation rules, available in the Knowledge Centre catalog.
next
previous
thanks
If you have any questions, come to the Knowledge Centre or contact us by email:
kcentre-rouen@neoma-bs.fr
kcentre-paris@neoma-bs.fr
kcentre-reims@neoma-bs.fr
previous
NEOMA BS has plagiarism detection software. All dissertations are submitted to this software, as well as a large number of other works required from you. In the case of plagiarism or exam fraud, the student is liable to an academic sanction (a mark of 0 in the relevant exam or
in the whole of a subject or credit), and disciplinary proceedings.
Citing sources. A survival guide
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Transcript
PLAGIArism, CITing sources and writing a bibliography
A SURVIVAL GUIDE
start
main Menu
PLAGIARISM
In-Text Citations
BiBLIOGRAPHY
NEXT
don't fall into the trap!
What is plagiarism?
Almost everyone knows that copying and pasting someone else's text without mentioning the source is plagiarism.
previous
NEXT
But many people do not know that plagiarism is also:
Using artificial intelligence generated content in an assignment or exam, without authorization and explicit mention.
Reformulating or translating an author's idea (paraphrase) without mentioning the source.
Copying a passage without mentioning the source.
Doing a piece of work collectively that should be done individually; or asking someone else to do it for you (fraud).
Using graphic content, images, tables and figures without attribution.
Presenting the same work or part of it in several courses without the agreement of the professors.
Presenting research data that has been falsified or fabricated.
what do you risk if you plagiarize?
previous
next
To avoid plagiarism: indicate the sources
ORGANIZE YOUR SOURCES
To save time and improve your efficiency: use Zotero
In a few clicks, you can:
collect your sources as you do your research in one place;
enrich your references by adding notes and documents;
insert your quotes as you write and automatically generate your bibliography.
To install ZOTERO, go to the documentation page, installation section of Zotero website
next
previous
CITING SOURCES IN THE BODY OF THE TEXT
INDICATE YOUR SOURCES ACCORDING TO APA STYLE
When copying word for word (exact quotation) or reformulating sentences (paraphrase) from others, indicate in the text: the author, the date of publication and the page number.
You can mention the author in brackets:
The author states that "..." (Rubinstein, 2006, p. 15).A recent study (Rubinstein, 2006) revealed that...
You can insert the author's name in the logic of the sentence (narrative citation):
As defined by Rubinstein (2006, p. 15): "...".Rubinstein (2006) observed that...In 2006, Rubinstein wrote: "..." (p. 15)
previous
next
Cite AI in the text according to its use
The use of AI must be mentioned to ensure the transparency of your work. Depending on how it is used, you may cite:
Cite a chat with AI (specific conversation) When you use a specific response generated by AI:- a generated definition- an analysis or a summary- an image or content produced by AI You cite in the text the company + the year of the chat:In parentheses : (OpenAI, 2025)Narrative citation : Mistral (2026)
Cite an AI tool in generalWhen AI has helped you in your work, for example to:- rephrase or translate text- correct grammar- generate and structure ideas You cite in the text the company + the year the tool was updated:In parentheses : (OpenAI, 2025) Narrative citation : Mistral (2026)
previous
next
USING QUOTATION MARKS PROPERLY
The rules for presenting sources in the body of the text vary depending on the size of the text, but also on the way you use it.
next
previous
Citing sources with several authors
Summary table: in-text citations with multiple authors
next
previous
Citing an author who cites another author: secondary source
Avoid using a secondary source to cite the original source. Instead, try to find the original text and quote it directly.
When to use a secondary source?
If the original source is not accessible (rare source, deleted internet page, out of print work...).
If you are interested in the analysis of the original source, by a more recent author.
How to cite a secondary source?
previous
next
LIST YOUR SOURCES IN A STRUCTURED BIBLIOGRAPHY ACCORDING TO APA STYLE
previous
next
Citing your sources in the bibliography
All the sources you cite in the text must also be cited in the bibliography according to the rules below:
One and a half line spacing separates each reference. The bibliographic reference is single-spaced.
Your sources should be listed in the alphabetical order of the authors' names. If you have several sources written by the same author(s), sort them by date of publication.
If there is no author's name, use the title of the article instead.
Place the bibliography at the end of the text, just before the appendices.
TO SAVE TIME, make your bibliography automatically with ZOTERO!
next
previous
bibliographic citation Examples by type of work
BOOK
Author, A., & Author, B. (year). Title of book (xth ed.). Publisher. URL or DOI (if online source )
exAmple
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Author, A., & Author, B. (year). Title of article, Title of journal, volume(number), xx-yy. URL or DOI (of online source)
exAmple
previous
next
MORE examples of bibliographical references
REPORT / CASE STUDY
Author, A. (year). Title of report/study. Publisher. URL
exAmple
NEWSPAPER ARTICLE
Author, A. (date). Title of article. Title of newspaper. URL
exAmple
previous
next
Citing AI in your bibliography
If you have used AI as a source and cite a specific conversation (chat) in the text => use the APA format for a standard source:
Company. (year, month day). Title of chat [Description]. Tool Name/Model. URL of the chat
exAmple
When AI is used as a writing assistance tool (editing, translation, style improvement, etc.) => use the APA format for software:
Company. (year). Tool Name/Model [Description]. URL of the tool
exAmple
previous
next
LEARN MORE ABOUT CITING SOURCES WITH APA STYLE
Visit their web page about in-text citation.
Discover their guide for a bibliographic reference by type of work.
View examples of common types of references.
Check out the book containing the APA's complete citation rules, available in the Knowledge Centre catalog.
next
previous
thanks
If you have any questions, come to the Knowledge Centre or contact us by email:
kcentre-rouen@neoma-bs.fr
kcentre-paris@neoma-bs.fr
kcentre-reims@neoma-bs.fr
previous
NEOMA BS has plagiarism detection software. All dissertations are submitted to this software, as well as a large number of other works required from you. In the case of plagiarism or exam fraud, the student is liable to an academic sanction (a mark of 0 in the relevant exam or in the whole of a subject or credit), and disciplinary proceedings.