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Electrolysis

Lucila Giammatteo

Created on September 27, 2022

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Transcript

Electrolysis

PbBr2

Molten lead bromide, PbBr2(l), is an electrolyte. During electrolysis: Pb2+ ions gain electrons at the cathode and become Pb atoms Br- ions lose electrons at the anode and become Br atoms, which pair up to form Br2 molecules

BBC Bitesize (2022). Products of Electrolysis of lead bromide.

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NaCl (aq)

hydrogen ions H+(aq) (from the water) are discharged at the negative electrode as hydrogen gas, H2(g) chloride ions Cl–(aq) (from the dissolved sodium chloride) are discharged at the positive electrode as chlorine gas, Cl2(g) sodium ions Na+(aq) (from the dissolved sodium chloride) and hydroxide ions OH–(aq) (from the water) stay behind - they form sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq).

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BBC Bitesize (2022). Electrolysis of sodium chloride solution.

Water

Electrolysing water splits the water molecules (H2O) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) molecules according to the following equation: water → hydrogen + oxygen 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)

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Dilute H2SO4

Dilute sulfuric acid contains water. The ions present in this mixture are H+ and OH- (from the water) and H+ and SO42- from the sulfuric acid. The H+ ions are attracted to the cathode and the two negative ions are attracted to the anode but it is the OH- ion which loses electrons.

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Sources of Information