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Transcript

Mycenae

1. Where is Mycenae?;2. Who were the Mycenaeans?;3. Mycenaean trade;4. Mycenaeans in Mithology;5. The fall of the Mycenaeans;6. Legacy.

Index:

Mycenae is an archaeological place near Mykines in Argolis, north-eastern Peloponnese, in Greece. It is about 120 kilometres away from Athens; Mycenae is 19 kilometres inland from the Saronic Gulf and built upon a hill rising 900 feet (274 metres) above the sea level.

1. wHERE/what IS MYCENAE?

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"Linear B"

The Mycenaean civilization appeared in the late Bronze age (c.1700-1100B.C.E.). They expended their influence throughout the Peloponnese in Greece and across the Aegean from Crete to the Cycladic islands. The Mycenaeans were influenced by the earlier Minoan civilization (2000-1450 B.C.E.).This influence is seen in Mycenaean palaces, clothing, frescoes, and their writing system, called Linear B.The people of Mycenae are the first Greeks, in other words, they were the first people to speak the Greek language.

2. who were the Mycenaeans?

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The Mycenaean territory

glass
copper
ivory
gold
That the Mycenaean civilization had trading contact with other Aegean cultures is evidenced by the presence of foreign goods in Mycenaean settlements such as gold, ivory, copper and glass, and also by the discovery of Mycenaean goods such as pottery in places as far afield as Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Levant, Anatolia, Sicily, and Cyprus. No doubt perishable goods such as olive oil, perfumed oil, and wine were also significant Mycenaean exports but, unfortunately, the paucity of surviving written records - limited to, for example, only around 70 Linear B clay tablets from a major site like Mycenae, means that more details on interregional trade are at present lacking.

3. MYCENAEAN TRADE

According to Greek mythology, Agamemnon was the son of King Atreus of Mycenae and Queen Aerope. He was the leader of the Greeks during the Trojan War, as Mycenae was the most powerful Greek town at that time. He was also the brother of Menelaus and the husband of Clytemnestra. Agamemnon had three daughters and one son. One of his daughters, Iphigenia, was sacrificed to goddess Artemis so that the wind blows and the Greek ships could set sail to Troy. When Agamemnon returned to his kingdom after the end of the Trojan War, he was murdered by his wife Clytemnestra and her lover Aegisthus, in revenge for the sacrifice of Iphigenia.

4. MYCENAEANS IN MITHOLOGY

The Golden Mask of Agamemnon, the King of Mycenae: The Mask of Agamemnon is an artifact discovered in Mycenae in 1876 by the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann. This mask is made of gold and is a funeral mask found over the face of a dead body in a burial place at Mycenae. Schliemann thought that the body and the mask are of the legendary King Agamemnon.

"Mask of Agamemnon"

Mycenae and the Mycenaean civilization began to decline around 1200 B.C. It’s unclear what caused the destruction of Mycenae, though the theories are almost endless.One of the leading theories holds that Mycenae experienced years of civil strife and social upheaval. Dorians and Heraclids then invaded, sacking all of the Mycenaean strongholds except Athens.Mycenae may have further suffered at the hands of raiders from the sea.Alternatively, Mycenae may have fallen to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc.Whatever the case, though the citadel was abandoned, the outer city wasn't completely deserted and the remaining town was sparsely inhabited until the Greek Classical Period (5th and 4th centuries B.C.).

5. THE FALL OF THE MYCENAEANS

The Treasury of Atreus
- Legendary names like Agamemnon, Menelaus, Achilles and Odysseus - all Mycenaean Greeks - would be given immortal life in sculpture, on painted pottery and epic literature such as Homer's Iliad which told the story of the great Trojan War, very possibly a myth based on a real conflict or series of conflicts between the Mycenaeans and Hittites.
- The Mycenaean civilization would so inspire the later Archaic and Classical Greeks from the 8th century BCE onwards that the Bronze Age period came to be seen as a golden one when people respected the gods, warriors were braver and life was generally less complicated and more decent.

6. LEGACY

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The end.