Word
Formation
Suleyma Carolina Ramos GonzalezJose Maria Vargas Canales Subject: Linguistics
One of the characteristics of language is that new words can be created, and that process never stops.
It is the formation of new words, and those are incorporated to use in different forms due to the common use of such as words even if they have not been fully accepted.
We can understand new words formation despite of they have not been reconized.
Fact 1
Fact 2
Borrowing
Historically, English has adopted many words from other languages
This formation word process refers to the action of taking and adopting words that comes from other languages with the concepts they stand for.
New sound comes along with new words
Examples:piano (Italian) sofa (Arabic)
+ info
Loan translation or calque.
It refers to the direct translation of the elements of a word into the borrowing language.
+ examples
Compounding
This occurs when two separate words are joined to produce a single form. Compounding is very common in English and German.
Compounding nouns
Compounding adjectives
Blending
This process is one of many ways of creating new words, joining the beginning of one word with the end of another in order to create a new word and meaning.
examples
Clipping
This process occurs through the reduction of a syllable or more to create a smaller version of a word with the same meaning. A common use of this process occurs in names like Tommy- Tom
HOW IS THIS PROCESS?
Hypocorisms.
This process is responsible for creating a smaller version of the words, reducing and modifying the end of the word.Usually this occurs in informal or familiar situation.
examples
Backformation.
This process is based on the reduction in the words. Although it seems similar to other processes, it is very different for one reason.Instead of adding syllables at the end or beginning of word, in this process they are eliminated to create new words, becoming verbs or nouns.
examples
Conversion
This process consists in changing the fuctioning of a word but not in its meaning. Conversion is one of the most common in modern English due to some words become either verbs into nouns or adjectives into verb. Unlike others, this process does not require any reduction.
examples
Coinage
Fact 1
This word formation process refers to the invention and use of new words in a language.
Fact 2
Eponyms
acronysm
and
Derivation.
Derivation is the most common word formation. It is a process mades up to a large number of "bits". Those "bits" are described as affixes, and they usually cannot be found listed in dictionaries.
Affixes
Infixes
Suffixes
Prefixes
This kind of affix is not normally used in English, but found in other languages. It consists on an affix that is incorporated inside another word.
They are affixes adding at the beginning of the word.
They are affixes adding at the end of the word.
+ Examples
+ ExAMPLES
+ EXAMPLES
References:
- George Yule, study of language, chapter 5.
- https://www.globallanguageservices.co.uk/what-is-a-neologism/
- https://www.june29.com/what-is-hypocorism-in-linguistics/
Thank you!
WORD FORMATION
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Transcript
Word
Formation
Suleyma Carolina Ramos GonzalezJose Maria Vargas Canales Subject: Linguistics
One of the characteristics of language is that new words can be created, and that process never stops.
It is the formation of new words, and those are incorporated to use in different forms due to the common use of such as words even if they have not been fully accepted.
We can understand new words formation despite of they have not been reconized.
Fact 1
Fact 2
Borrowing
Historically, English has adopted many words from other languages
This formation word process refers to the action of taking and adopting words that comes from other languages with the concepts they stand for.
New sound comes along with new words
Examples:piano (Italian) sofa (Arabic)
+ info
Loan translation or calque.
It refers to the direct translation of the elements of a word into the borrowing language.
+ examples
Compounding
This occurs when two separate words are joined to produce a single form. Compounding is very common in English and German.
Compounding nouns
Compounding adjectives
Blending
This process is one of many ways of creating new words, joining the beginning of one word with the end of another in order to create a new word and meaning.
examples
Clipping
This process occurs through the reduction of a syllable or more to create a smaller version of a word with the same meaning. A common use of this process occurs in names like Tommy- Tom
HOW IS THIS PROCESS?
Hypocorisms.
This process is responsible for creating a smaller version of the words, reducing and modifying the end of the word.Usually this occurs in informal or familiar situation.
examples
Backformation.
This process is based on the reduction in the words. Although it seems similar to other processes, it is very different for one reason.Instead of adding syllables at the end or beginning of word, in this process they are eliminated to create new words, becoming verbs or nouns.
examples
Conversion
This process consists in changing the fuctioning of a word but not in its meaning. Conversion is one of the most common in modern English due to some words become either verbs into nouns or adjectives into verb. Unlike others, this process does not require any reduction.
examples
Coinage
Fact 1
This word formation process refers to the invention and use of new words in a language.
Fact 2
Eponyms
acronysm
and
Derivation.
Derivation is the most common word formation. It is a process mades up to a large number of "bits". Those "bits" are described as affixes, and they usually cannot be found listed in dictionaries.
Affixes
Infixes
Suffixes
Prefixes
This kind of affix is not normally used in English, but found in other languages. It consists on an affix that is incorporated inside another word.
They are affixes adding at the beginning of the word.
They are affixes adding at the end of the word.
+ Examples
+ ExAMPLES
+ EXAMPLES
References:
Thank you!