Pol sci p.p.t

India's

external relations

INTRODUCTION

India has diplomatic relations with 201 states/dependencies around the globe, having 199 missions and posts operating globally while plans to open new missions in 2020-21 hosted by 11 UN Member States. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), also known as the Foreign Ministry, is the government agency responsible for the conduct of foreign relations of India. With the world's third largest military expenditure, fourth largest armed force, fifth largest economy by GDP nominal rates and third largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity.

MEA

Sed Diam, 22

वसुधैव कुटुम्बकं “

Ministry of External Affairs

The Foreign Secretary, an Indian Foreign Service officer, is the most senior civil servant who is the head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. The Ministry represents the Government of India through embassies and is also responsible for India's representation at the United Nations and other international organizations and expanding and safeguarding India’s influence and Indian interests across the world by providing developmental aid to other countries worth billions of dollars

The Ministry of External Affairs of India is the government agency responsible for implementing Indian foreign policy. The Ministry of External Affairs is headed by the Minister of External Affairs.

+info

S. Jaishankar at G7 summit

PM Modi addressing UNGA 2017

The 47th G7 summit was held from 11 to 13 June 2021 in Cornwall, England, during the United Kingdom's tenure of the presidency of the Group of Seven.

The United Nations General Assembly is one of the six principal organs of the UN.

वसुधैव कुटुम्बकं

From Jawaharlal Nehru to Narendra Modi, India’s leaders have often evoked the phrase vasudhaiva kutumbakam (the world is one family), taken from the Maha Upanishad, to elucidate the country’s global outlook. While the term has become a mantra of India’s diplomatic lexicon, Vasudhaiva kutumbakam' is a dysfunctional construct, with different power centres vying to secure their interests even at the risk of trampling over common values.

Foreign Relations

WOW

1.) Sino-India 2.) Indo-Pak 3.) Indo-US

start

The way forward...

We are actively developing our relations with the broader world on this basis. Our strategic partnership with Russia reflects our convergences on bilateral, regional and international issues. There is a new warmth and candour in our relations with USA. We have excellent bilateral political and economic interaction with countries of the European Union and institutionalized annual India-EU Summits, the last one having taken place this month in Denmark. Southeast Asia, Asia-Pacific, Central Asia, the Gulf and Iran are special areas of our focus.

SINO-INDIA

External Relations-1

Start

TRADE RELATIONS

The India-China bilateral trade increased by 15.3 per cent to over USD 31 billion in the first quarter of this year, according to trade data released by the Chinese Customs on Wednesday, despite strained relations due to the prolonged military standoff in eastern Ladakh. During the 3-month period from January to March, China's exports to India zoomed to USD 27.1 billion. Last year, the India-China bilateral trade hit a record high of over USD 125 billion.

The above mentioned graph shows a period from FY16 to FY20-Present for Trade volume.

HINDRANCES

Pangong-Tso conflict

Attempts to dominate Indo-Pacific

Border issue

'One Belt, One Road' initiative

INDO-PAK

External Relations-2

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Friendship across the borders

Muhammad Rauf had left Amritsar in June 1947, when he was in second grade. Terrified of the riots, his family had locked their home to rush to Lahore, leaving behind all their belongings, certain that they would return. It was only 62 years later that Rauf was able to go back to India. Travelling through the Wagah border to attend a religious procession in Batala, Rauf was only given a city-wise visa. Amritsar was not on the list and he had learnt to long suppress the nostalgia for his birthplace anyway.

Friendship across the borders

Muhammad Rauf had left Amritsar in June 1947, when he was in second grade. Terrified of the riots, his family had locked their home to rush to Lahore, leaving behind all their belongings, certain that they would return. It was only 62 years later that Rauf was able to go back to India. Travelling through the Wagah border to attend a religious procession in Batala, Rauf was only given a city-wise visa. Amritsar was not on the list and he had learnt to long suppress the nostalgia for his birthplace anyway.

ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS

SOCIAL REFORMS

1.) Periodic Border meetings2.) Strenghthing IWT (Indus Water Tribunal). 3.) Keeping a regular check and watch or military.

1.) Destroying Islamaphobia 2.) Accommodating migrants (post-partition). 3.) Increasing educational outreach

Peace Initiative- Tashkent Declaration

The Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan signed on 10 January 1966 that resolved the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Peace had been achieved on 23 September by the intervention of the external powers that pushed the two nations to cease fire, afraid the conflict could escalate and draw in other powers. The meeting was held in Tashkent in the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan) from 4 to 10 January 1966 to try to create a more permanent settlement. The Soviets, represented by Premier Aleksey Kosygin, moderated between Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistani President Muhammad Ayub Khan.

External relations-3

U.S.A-INDIA

START

Introduction

The U.S.-India strategic partnership is founded on shared values including a commitment to democracy and upholding the rules-based international system. President Biden and Prime Minister Modi have held two in person bilateral meetings during which they reaffirmed their commitment to a resilient, rules-based international order that safeguards sovereignty and territorial integrity, upholds democratic values, and promotes peace and prosperity for all.

trade relations

IT industry (NX)

In 2021, overall U.S.-India bilateral trade in goods and services reached a record $157 billion. The United States is India’s largest trading partner and most important export market. Many U.S. companies view India as a critical market and have expanded their operations there.

INDO-RUSSIA

External Relations-4

Play

ANALYSIS

FUTURE GOALS

METRICS

ACHIEVEMENTS

BOSOM BUDDIES

Bilaetral Ties:-

A look back at our strong friendship

Since the signing of the “Declaration on the India-Russia Strategic Partnership” in October 2000 (during the visit of President Vladimir Putin to India) India-Russia ties have acquired a qualitatively new character with enhanced levels of cooperation taking place in almost all areas of the bilateral relationship including political, security, trade and economy, defense, science and technology and culture.

Cultural Correlation

+ 190k

of exports, specially catering to Indian manufacturing sector.

+ 45k

hours of streaming trendy bollywood and other Indian songs.

+ 85k

hours of watchtime to indian bollywood movies

+ 12k

of traditional & ethnic handicrafts exchanged in Indian global fairs.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (Former PM)

- "we need to convert the extraordinary goodwill, between India and Russia into a thriving , visible, vigorous and mutually beneficially economic relation."

Moscow (Aerial view)

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (Former PM)

- "we need to convert the extraordinary goodwill, between India and Russia into a thriving , visible, vigorous and mutually beneficially economic relation."

Moscow (Aerial view)

Becoming the next superpower

36%

42%

24K

33%

17%

35%

12%

MNCs and other major firms outsource their work in India

Consistent annual growth

FUTURE OF INDIAN DIPLOMACY

There are a number of future scenarios that could unfold, setting forth a new geometry in India’s foreign policy. India’s response to the Ukraine crisis and the ensuing geopolitical fissures have unfolded a divided debate on the direction of India’s foreign policy. Will India, after testing the grounds of engagement with the West come full circle back to a newer version of non-alignment? Despite some hiccups in the tilt to the West, will India, given the mounting China challenge, stick to its commitments to the Quad and its strategic permutations and combinations? Alternatively, will the current geopolitical churning, and louder calls for choosing sides in the international system, lead to a new offspring of understanding in the triangular formation of Russia, India, and China?

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