Rizal's Life: Exile, Trial, Execution and Martyrdom

GROUP 4

RIZAL'S LIFE:

EXILE, TRIAL, EXECUTION AND MARTYRDOM

2. Aware of the Effects of Rizal's Execution and The Spanish Revolution

1. Analyze the different factors that led to Rizal's exile, trial, execution and martyrdom

At the end of the discussion, you must;

OBJECTIVES:

Martyrdom - a person who is put to death or made to suffer greatly because of religion or other beliefs.

Execution - the carrying out of a sentence of death on a condemned person.

Trial - a formal examination of evidence before a judge, and typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a case of criminal or civil proceedings

Exile - the state of being barred from one's native country, typically for political or punitive reasons.

Defining key terms:

Rizal's Exile

Rizal's arrival in Manila has been sensational among the Filipinos. His popularity feared the Spaniards, and such paid careful attention to his every move.July 3, 1892 he founded the La Liga Filipina in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco, in Tondo Manila

- Rizal made him a bust and composed a poem in his honor : A Don Ricardo Carnicero on his birthday on August 26, 1892

- July 17, 1892 - Rizal, together hisguard Captain Ricardo Carnicero, arrived in Dapitan- He could live in the priest's quarters only if;* he publicly retracted his Masonic and antichurch belief* he regularly participate in church rites* he conduct himself as a good Spanish subject and a man of religion

Rizal's Exile in Dapitan

- Carcinero wrote a letter to Governor General to allow his mother and sisters to join him in Dapitan

- He also built a house for the ladies in his family who were free to visit him in Dapitan

- betted the lottery ticket and won 20,000 pesos with th e ticket number 9736- He used his money to build an octagonal house made up of bamboo and nipa in Talisay- Built school and accepted students with no tuition, the other part was used for his eye clinic

Life in Talisay

- He helped clean up the plaza of Dapitan and lit it up at night with coconut oil lamps- Rizal fell in love with the eighteen-year old Josephine Bracken

- May 4, 1893 - Carcinero was replaced by Captain Juan Sitges- He did not want to live with a deportee and assigned Rizal to live in a house near the headquarters- the Jesuits sent his old professor at the Ateneo , Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez - to entice to back to the church

Life in Talisay

- Pablo Mercado - a spy of the friars who posed as Rizal's relative ( Florencio Namaan - his real name)- Pio Valenzuela - an emissary of Andres Bonifacio, he was asking for advice on how to launch a revolution. He offered to have the Katipunan assist him in escaping in Dapitan- Rizal objected to the projected revolution, the revolutionaries must have enough arms and weapons

- Rizal's family and friends looked at Josephine with suspicion and condescension

- Rizal and Josephine tried to have themselves married in Catholic rites but Fr. Obach required that Rizal retract his beliefs

- The townspeople of Dapitan wept because they considered Rizal as a good son and neighbor- He stayed in Dapitan for four years, thirteen days and a few hours

- When Cuba under revolution and raging yellow fever epidemic, Rizal wrote to Governor General Ramon Blanco offering his service as a military doctor- Governor General Ramon Blanco - he approved the request of Rizal on July 1, 1896- At the midnight of that day, he left aboard the steamer Espana

The End of the Dapitan Exile

- He transferred to Isla de Panay which was sailing for Barcelona, Spain- Don Pedro Roxas advised Rizal to stay and take advantage of the protection of the British Law

- August 26, 1896 - Bonifacio and Katipunan raised the Cry Revolution (Sigaw sa Pugadlawin) in the hills of Balintawak- In the afternoon, Governor General Ramon Blanco proclaimed a state of war in the first eight provinces for rising arms against Spain- Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija and Tarlac- Rizal received letters from Governor General Blanco which absolved him from all the blame for the raging revolution

- Rizal'z interview with Despujol, he would be shipped back to Manila- On the night of the same day, after the interview, Rizal was taken aboard the Colon which was loaded with Spanish troops sailed for Manila

- September 30 - the Isla de Panay has already sailed past Port Said in Egypt and now was sailing in the Mediterranean- A telegraphic message was received ordering that Rizal be placed under arrest- Bernardino Nozaleda - Archbishop of Manila who clamored for the arrest of Rizal who has said to be the spirit of Philippine Revolution- October 3 - the Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona and Rizal was sent to a prison-fortress, Monthjuich Castle

- November 20, 1986 - Rizal was brought before a Spanish military tribunal headed by Colonel Francisco Olive- Oral testimonies were taken and were used to implicate Rizal in the Philippine Revolution- Governor General appointed Captain Rafael Dominguez to institute charges against Rizal

- Dr. Antonio Ma, Regidorand Sixto Lopez - they exerted all their efforts to find a lawyer in Singapore who could aid their friend- Attorney Hugh Fort - an English lawyer in Singapore- Unfortunately, Chief Justice Lionel, the judge in Singapore denied the request- November 3, 1896 - the Colon arrived in Manila Bay and Rizal was taken forth to Fort Santiago

- The court judged Rizal guilty for the charges and voted for the death penalty- December 28, 1896 - Governor General Polavieja signed Rizal's death warrant ordering him to be shot at 7:00 o'clock in the morning at Bagumbayan- Rizal signed it saying that he was innocent

- Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade - the lawyer of Jose Rizal and the brother of his former bodyguard Jose Taviel de Andrade- December 13 - the case was forwarded to Governor General Camilo de Polavieja - replacement of Governor Blanco- Rizal's actual trial began on December 26, 1896 and it was held at the Hall of Banners of the Cuartel de Espana in Fort Santiago- Rizal was charged with three crimes: rebellion, sedition and formation of illegal associations

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