REPORTED SPEECH UNIT 6

GRAMMAR

reported speech

3ºAB BILINGÜE

INDIRECT SPEECH

differences

• Direct speech is what people actually say • Indirect speech (reported speech) is how we later report the words the speaker originally used.

1. changes in verb tenses

2. OTHER IMPORTANT CHANGES

a) Los pronombres personales y los adjetivos o pronombres posesivos de 1ª y 2ª persona cambian según quien habla, pero los de 3ª persona no cambian. e.g “I am waiting for my sister,” Bill said. Bill said (that) he was waiting for his sister.

b) Las expresiones de tiempo y de lugar. Now: then today / tonight: that day / that night yesterday: the day before, the previous day tomorrow: the next / following day, the day after next week / month: the following week / month last week / month: the previous week / month, the week / month before a week / month ago: the week / month before here: there

3. SAY AND TELL

'I love the REPORTED SPEECH!'

SAY: say + (that) + clause e.g. She said (that) she had already eaten. TELL: tell + someone + (that) + clause e.g. I told John (that) I had seen the new film. tell + someone + to + infinitive e.g. She told the children to go to bed.

4. REPORTING QUESTIONS

YES / NO 1. La pregunta se convierte en una frase y por tanto ya no hay inversión de sujeto y verbo. Añadimos if o whether. e.g. “Did you speak to John last night?” she asked. She asked if / whether I had spoken to John the night before. WH-QUESTIONS Al poner en estilo indirecto este tipo de preguntas mantenemos la partícula interrogativa: what, who, where, when, how, why, etc, en lugar de poner if o whether. - “Who did you speak to last night?” He asked who I had spoken to the night before. - “Where are you working these days?” He asked where she was working those days.

5. ORDERS, REQUESTS AND OFFERS

a) El imperativo pasa a infinitivo manteniendo la forma afirmativa o negativa. e.g, He said, “Go away, Mary!”: He ordered Mary to go away. e.g. She said, “don’t open the door.”: She told me not to open the door. b) El verbo que introduce el estilo indirecto debe indicar “mandar”, “pedir”, “rogar”, “invitar”, “advertir”, etc, por eso nunca se usa say (decir), sino tell, ask, order, beg, invite, warn, que deben llevar un complemento de persona, a quien se da la orden, se le pide, se le invita, etc. e.g. He said, “Be quiet.”: He told us to be quiet. e.g. She said, “Please don’t shout.”: She asked me not to shout.

6. SUGGESTIONS

1. un gerundio (muy frecuente) e.g. She suggested going to the theatre. e.g. “Let’s not argue again,” he said He suggested not arguing again. 2. una oración subordinada introducida por that + we / they + (not) forma base del verbo (no es tan frecuente) e.g. She suggested that we go to the cinema. e.g. He suggested that they not argue again.

a. “What’s your name?”, he asked. (wanted to know) ___________________________________________________________________________ b. “Do you like Marlon Brandon?”, she asked. ___________________________________________________________________________ c. “How old are you?”, she said. (asked) ___________________________________________________________________________ d. “When does the train leave?”, I asked. ___________________________________________________________________________ e. “Are you enjoying yourself?”, he asked. ___________________________________________________________________________ f. “How are you?”, he said. (asked) ___________________________________________________________________________ g. “Does your father work here?”, she asked. ___________________________________________________________________________ h. “Do you live near your father?”, he asked. ___________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE