Editors: Elina González Duque Ana Gómez Carvajal
Medellín, thursday, 10 february 2022
Wayuunaiki Newspaper
No man's land
rectangular, colorful, and rich in drawings. Liíra is the long and narrow belt that is part of the male garment. Mantalaju is the girdle that is tied to the saddle.
The current situation of the indigenous peoples in Latin America is the historical result of the arrival of the Europeans more than five centuries ago where there was dispossession of geographic and symbolic territories1. Based on these realities, the struggle of indigenous peoples for the defense and recognition of their rights has been persistent throughout history. In Colombia, there are 87 identified indigenous peoples, who speak 64 Amerindian languages and are distributed, according to the 2005 census, in 710 reservations located throughout 27 departments of the country2. The human rights situation of indigenous peoples in Colombia continues to be extremely serious, critical and deeply worrying, despite the constitutional recognition of these rights.
The Wayuu community, unfortunately, has many deficiencies in the recognition of its rights, some of these are: water scarcity (generating diseases and infections), lack of access roads, poverty, the exploitation of its natural resources since 80s decade, given by petroleum exploitation, the Cerrejón coal mines of the Alta Guajira seaport and the struggle for territorial control with various illegal armed actors. They have been victims of massacres, forced displacement, torture, threats, forced disappearances, accusations, selective and multiple homicides, and destruction of property.
The largest indigenous people in Colombia is the Wayuu, which is made up of 270,413 people, with 48.88% men (132,180) and 51.12% women (138,233). They live in the departments of Alta, Media and Baja Guajira (98.03% of the total population), Cesar (0.48%) and Magdalena (0.42%), especially in the municipalities of Barrancas, Distracción, Fonseca, Maicao, Uribia, Manaure and Riohacha. Similarly, the Wayúu indigenous community is found in the state of Zulia in Venezuela. And its economic base is artisanal fishing and grazing3.
A report by the Johns Hopkinks Humanitarian Health Center and Human Rights Watch reveals the fragility of a town where multidimensional poverty exceeds 90% and children are 6 times more likely to die than other Colombian children. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to reflect the multiple inequalities, "they do not have access to sufficient food or the necessary water to practice basic hygiene, including hand washing, and information and access to health care is extremely deficient”4.
Beyond the differences related to the mortality figures due to malnutrition and the controversies related to the reason for the deaths of children in the department, the reality is that there is a humanitarian tragedy that affects the Wayúu ethnic group in particular, which translates into human suffering and that results, as many have affirmed, in an embarrassment for a Social State of Law, as the Colombian State has declared.
Among its traditions is the most anticipated moment for all adolescent women (Majayulu) which is to have the first experience with their menstrual period, since when this happens each of the women receives all the pampering and care of their female relatives in a ceremony. However, this tradition forces women to be locked up in their houses in order to keep them away from bad energies. Only in this physical condition are all the customs and traditions are transferred to them. On the other hand, at this moment, the Wareke Spider appears to teach the Wayuu weaving to the women because for the Wayúu people, weaving means much more than a cultural practice and inheritance from their ancestors, it also means the way of conceiving and expressing life as they feel and they want it. For instance, hammocks are the most representative fabrics of the Wayúu culture. Shei is a funerary blanket in which the deceased is wrapped and buried; it is
SEE MIND MAP HERE
References. 1. Cepal. Los pueblos indígenas en América Latina [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/37050/4/S1420783_es.pdf 2. ACNUR. Colombia Situation [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.acnur.org/fileadmin/Documentos/RefugiadosAmericas/Colombia/Situacion_Colombia_-_Pueblos_indigenas_2011.pdf 3.ACNUR. Comunidades indígenas [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.acnur.org/fileadmin/Documentos/Pueblos_indigenas/2011/Comunidades_indigenas_en_Colombia_-_ACNUR_2011.pdf 4. Cotes K, Vargas G, Alvis N, Díaz D, Vallejo E, Castañeda C. Hambre y desnutrición en la Guajira [internet]. [Consulted 08 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.ins.gov.co/Direcciones/ONS/publicaciones%20alternas/boletin8-wayuu/resultados.html
Wayuunaiki Newspaper
Andrea González Duque
Created on February 10, 2022
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Transcript
Editors: Elina González Duque Ana Gómez Carvajal
Medellín, thursday, 10 february 2022
Wayuunaiki Newspaper
No man's land
rectangular, colorful, and rich in drawings. Liíra is the long and narrow belt that is part of the male garment. Mantalaju is the girdle that is tied to the saddle.
The current situation of the indigenous peoples in Latin America is the historical result of the arrival of the Europeans more than five centuries ago where there was dispossession of geographic and symbolic territories1. Based on these realities, the struggle of indigenous peoples for the defense and recognition of their rights has been persistent throughout history. In Colombia, there are 87 identified indigenous peoples, who speak 64 Amerindian languages and are distributed, according to the 2005 census, in 710 reservations located throughout 27 departments of the country2. The human rights situation of indigenous peoples in Colombia continues to be extremely serious, critical and deeply worrying, despite the constitutional recognition of these rights.
The Wayuu community, unfortunately, has many deficiencies in the recognition of its rights, some of these are: water scarcity (generating diseases and infections), lack of access roads, poverty, the exploitation of its natural resources since 80s decade, given by petroleum exploitation, the Cerrejón coal mines of the Alta Guajira seaport and the struggle for territorial control with various illegal armed actors. They have been victims of massacres, forced displacement, torture, threats, forced disappearances, accusations, selective and multiple homicides, and destruction of property.
The largest indigenous people in Colombia is the Wayuu, which is made up of 270,413 people, with 48.88% men (132,180) and 51.12% women (138,233). They live in the departments of Alta, Media and Baja Guajira (98.03% of the total population), Cesar (0.48%) and Magdalena (0.42%), especially in the municipalities of Barrancas, Distracción, Fonseca, Maicao, Uribia, Manaure and Riohacha. Similarly, the Wayúu indigenous community is found in the state of Zulia in Venezuela. And its economic base is artisanal fishing and grazing3.
A report by the Johns Hopkinks Humanitarian Health Center and Human Rights Watch reveals the fragility of a town where multidimensional poverty exceeds 90% and children are 6 times more likely to die than other Colombian children. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to reflect the multiple inequalities, "they do not have access to sufficient food or the necessary water to practice basic hygiene, including hand washing, and information and access to health care is extremely deficient”4.
Beyond the differences related to the mortality figures due to malnutrition and the controversies related to the reason for the deaths of children in the department, the reality is that there is a humanitarian tragedy that affects the Wayúu ethnic group in particular, which translates into human suffering and that results, as many have affirmed, in an embarrassment for a Social State of Law, as the Colombian State has declared.
Among its traditions is the most anticipated moment for all adolescent women (Majayulu) which is to have the first experience with their menstrual period, since when this happens each of the women receives all the pampering and care of their female relatives in a ceremony. However, this tradition forces women to be locked up in their houses in order to keep them away from bad energies. Only in this physical condition are all the customs and traditions are transferred to them. On the other hand, at this moment, the Wareke Spider appears to teach the Wayuu weaving to the women because for the Wayúu people, weaving means much more than a cultural practice and inheritance from their ancestors, it also means the way of conceiving and expressing life as they feel and they want it. For instance, hammocks are the most representative fabrics of the Wayúu culture. Shei is a funerary blanket in which the deceased is wrapped and buried; it is
SEE MIND MAP HERE
References. 1. Cepal. Los pueblos indígenas en América Latina [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/37050/4/S1420783_es.pdf 2. ACNUR. Colombia Situation [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.acnur.org/fileadmin/Documentos/RefugiadosAmericas/Colombia/Situacion_Colombia_-_Pueblos_indigenas_2011.pdf 3.ACNUR. Comunidades indígenas [internet]. [Consulted 10 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.acnur.org/fileadmin/Documentos/Pueblos_indigenas/2011/Comunidades_indigenas_en_Colombia_-_ACNUR_2011.pdf 4. Cotes K, Vargas G, Alvis N, Díaz D, Vallejo E, Castañeda C. Hambre y desnutrición en la Guajira [internet]. [Consulted 08 feb 2022]. Available in: https://www.ins.gov.co/Direcciones/ONS/publicaciones%20alternas/boletin8-wayuu/resultados.html