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Common and civil law

camille.cavalier91

Created on February 6, 2022

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Common law VS Civil law

Common law: A system of laws based on customs and court decisions rather than on written law made by a parliament. Common law forms the basis of the legal system in the UK, US, and various other countries.

Civil law: A legal system based on ancient Roman law, which is used many countries. In this system a court makes decisions based on a set of recorded laws rather than on the decision of a judge or jury.

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Common law and civil law systems, what are the main differences ?

I-the historical origins of Common and civil law

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A) A case law system

Main sources of the law: case-law more than legislation; custom and practice Uncodified law Mainly evolved in England and in its Colonies Constitution not essentially required

1. Original source : English monarchy

2. Order called "Writs"

3. Creation of courts of equity

4. Use precedential opinions and apply to current cases

B) A codified law

Civil law:

Main source of the law: legislation/ constitution. Codified Evolved in Continental Europe Constitution is essentially required

II- Roles of a lawyers and judges in each system

A) A role of advising

Type of trial: equatorial and collaborative. Functions of lawyers: the rules and functions of lawyers are to give advice and to inform. During the trail, roles of judges: this is are considered as director or examiner. Selection of judges: the appointment of judges is based from judicial of specialists Precedents are used to determine typically administrative or constitutional court matters

II- Roles of a lawyers and judges in each system

B) More flexibility system

Type of trial: accusatorial and confrontational. Functions of lawyers: the controls of lawyers are based on debate and opposed. During the trail: Roles of judges: deserve are considered as referee or as ampere. Selection of judges: political appointment from practicing lawyers or judges (of lower courts); judges of lower courts are appointed through competitive examinations. Precedents are commonly used to decide the cases

what is the consequence if a common law country uses civil law ?