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The structure of the plant cell: learn all about the parts that make up this eukaryotic cell.

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PLANT CELL

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Plant cells are eukyrotic cells (cells with a clearly defined nucleus) and they change and divide as the plant develops. In their interior, a fundamental process takes place: photosynthesis. The way in which a plant cell receives nutrients is called autotrophy.

Composition

  • It is an organelle which is surrounded by a dual structure called the nuclear envelope.

nucleus

Function

  • This is where the genetic information or DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is stored, which is responsible for processes like metabolism and growth and development.

Function

  • It is mainly responsible for the production of lipids.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Characteristics

  • It is surrounded by a vacuolar membrane.

Composition

  • They are very large vesicles that can occupy 90% of the cell volume, displacing all organelles to the other side of the cell.

Vacuole

Function

  • It is responsible for maintaining the shape and size of the cell, as well as storing substances.

Function

  • They are the organelles responsible for the production of energy in the cell. They produce chlorophyll, which is responsible for absorbing light for photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts

Function

  • Responsible for the synthesis and secretion of complex polysaccharides and has a very important role in the formation of the cellular wall.

golgi apparatus

Composition

  • They are large organelles, wrapped by a double membrane: one inner and one outer. The inner membrane has a folded structure called cristae and the outer membrane is smooth.

mitochondria

Function

  • Responsible for obtaining the energy needed by the cell through cellular respiration.

Function

  • They contain digestive enzymes with which they perform cellular digestion.

LYSOSOMES

Characteristics

  • It is located on the outside of the plasma membrane.

Composition

  • It is the rigid outer cover that is mainly made up of cellulose.

cellular wall

Function

  • A rigid structure which protects the cells and gives them their shape.