historY
Presentation
start
History is the interpretation of the significance that the past has for us.
Johan Huizinga
TABLE of contents
PG 1. Introduction to Maya Civilization
PG 2. Maya Social Organization/Structure
PG8. Glossary
PG 5. Maya Gallery
PG9. Map of Maya Settlement
PG 6. Maya Religoius Practices
PG8. Government and Empire
PG9. Maya Economic Structure
PG7. Maya Achievements and Inventions
Introduction to Maya Civilization
The Maya Civilization is considered as one of the most advanced civilizations to have existed in Mexico and the Americas. The Maya had began settling and established villages in what is today Mexico and Central America in 1800 B.C.
Maya Temple
PG 1
Maya social organization
The Ancient Maya Social Organization includes a complex relationship between privileged people. The Mayan society was strictly divided between Kings, Priests and Nobles, Merchants and Traders, Commoners and farmers and Slaves.
PG 2
Maya social structure
The Maya social structure-The Caste System is one that is very rigid in which the class you are bron in, you are not allowed to leave.
Above is the Maya Social Class system
PG 3
The social structure in the Maya Empire was set. It was very difficult to move upwards
Maya Social Organization
Kings and Priests
Commoners
The King and Priests were in the upper class meaning they were more privileged than others. The King was the highest of all the classes, and the Priests gave the king information about predictions of the future and lived a life of luxury.
The Commoners worked as famers and laborers and was a part of the lower class. It is believed that some commoners became quite wealthy through their work as artisans and merchants,
Slaves
Nobles
The Slaves were mostly unwanted orphans and persons who failed to pay debts. People who committed crimes and were punished with enslavement. Most human sacrifices were selected from slaves.
The Noble class was complex and specialized, they were able to read and write so therefore they were served as rulers, military rulers etc.
PG 4
Maya Gallery
PG 5
maya religios practices
The Maya people worshipped many different Gods-Polytheistic. They believed that their gods had a good and bad side and that they could help or hurt them. And for this reason, they performed rituals and festivals like Blood Letting which norished the god.
Blood Letting Ritual
PG 6
Maya gods
The Maya people were polytheistic so they had many Gods. One of their most important God is Itzamna. He is the creator and ruler of day and night. He is believed to be largely kind and protective towards humans. He was the one who taught men to grow maize and how to use calenders, as well as being a god of medicine. Other gods would include: Kimi- The God of Death, Chac- The god responsible for rain, storms, thunder, lightning, wars and human sacrifice.
Maya God
PG 7
maya government and empire
Each city state was ruled by a king, the Mayas believed that their King was given the right to rule by the gods. The leaders of the Mayas were given the names 'halac unic' or 'ahaw' which means ruler. There were also powerful councils of leader who ran the giverment, which was chosen from the Noble class
PG 8
maya economic structure
Agriculture
The Mayans were skillful farmers . They planted maize and secondary crops such as : Beans ,Squash , corn and chilli peppers . Farming in the Maya region was difficult because there were dense forest, little surface water (rivers and lakes ) and poor soil .
Farming Methods
History
When the mayans faced challenges with farming they created different farming techniques/methods. These were : Slash and burn , Terraced farming and raised fields .
- The Slash and burn technique was used in the dense forest to create a flat surface to plant crops .
PG 9
maya economic structure
- Terraced farming was created into the hills to make more land available for planting .
- Raised fields were created in the swampy lowland to increase soil fertility .Crops such as beans and squash were planted together in fields of maize so that beans could climb the maize and squash could help reduce soil erosion .
HISTORY
The Ancient Maya civilization had an advanced trade system they did not use paper currency so they traded for what they needed without it .This included gold,salt, obsidian, feathers and food .These things did not all weigh the same and they all weren't worth the same for example : An ounce of gold could get you twenty pounds of maize and an ounce of salt can get you one pound of maize .
Trade
PG 10
Maya Achievements and INventions
The Mayan People were very clever, that they were able to engrave on caves, stones and rocks which had a great role in their culture. Mayan acheivements have proven by the civilization they left behind, which witnessed their greatness. The Mayan people invent many things in different feilds. And has their own secrets for making their civilaztion.
PG 11
The Maya developed one of the most advanced systems of writing and numbers.
Mayan Achievements and Inventions
Numbers
Calenders
The Maya had two kinds of calendars, a religious calendar called the Tzolk'in and a Solar calendar called the Haab'. Every 52 years the two calendars would start on the same day. They would celebrate the New Fire Festival on this day (El Fuego Nuevo). All the fires throughout their households would be put out and they would throw away all their clay utensils. It was a time of restorataion and new beginnings.
The Maya used a number system with the base number of 20. They wrote numbers using a system of bars and dots. A bar represented the number 5. Every 5 numbers they added another bar. The number zero was written with a symbol that looked like a shell.
PG 12
LEARN!
Glossary
Tzolk'in
Civilization
The Tolk'in is a religious calender, having 260-days and two cycles (a20 day cycle and a 13 day cycle).
A Civilization is a society that has cities, a well organized government and workers with specialized jobs.
Haab
Blood Letting
The Haab is part of the Maya calendric system. It was a 365-day solar calendar.
Blood Letting is a Ritual done by the Mayan people, becuase they thought that the Gods used their own blood to create them. Hence, they do this riutal to give back the blood that the Gods used.
PG 13
Maya settlement
Map of Mexico and Central America where the Mayas settled
PG 14
thank You !
HISTORY PRESENTATION
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Transcript
historY
Presentation
start
History is the interpretation of the significance that the past has for us.
Johan Huizinga
TABLE of contents
PG 1. Introduction to Maya Civilization
PG 2. Maya Social Organization/Structure
PG8. Glossary
PG 5. Maya Gallery
PG9. Map of Maya Settlement
PG 6. Maya Religoius Practices
PG8. Government and Empire
PG9. Maya Economic Structure
PG7. Maya Achievements and Inventions
Introduction to Maya Civilization
The Maya Civilization is considered as one of the most advanced civilizations to have existed in Mexico and the Americas. The Maya had began settling and established villages in what is today Mexico and Central America in 1800 B.C.
Maya Temple
PG 1
Maya social organization
The Ancient Maya Social Organization includes a complex relationship between privileged people. The Mayan society was strictly divided between Kings, Priests and Nobles, Merchants and Traders, Commoners and farmers and Slaves.
PG 2
Maya social structure
The Maya social structure-The Caste System is one that is very rigid in which the class you are bron in, you are not allowed to leave.
Above is the Maya Social Class system
PG 3
The social structure in the Maya Empire was set. It was very difficult to move upwards
Maya Social Organization
Kings and Priests
Commoners
The King and Priests were in the upper class meaning they were more privileged than others. The King was the highest of all the classes, and the Priests gave the king information about predictions of the future and lived a life of luxury.
The Commoners worked as famers and laborers and was a part of the lower class. It is believed that some commoners became quite wealthy through their work as artisans and merchants,
Slaves
Nobles
The Slaves were mostly unwanted orphans and persons who failed to pay debts. People who committed crimes and were punished with enslavement. Most human sacrifices were selected from slaves.
The Noble class was complex and specialized, they were able to read and write so therefore they were served as rulers, military rulers etc.
PG 4
Maya Gallery
PG 5
maya religios practices
The Maya people worshipped many different Gods-Polytheistic. They believed that their gods had a good and bad side and that they could help or hurt them. And for this reason, they performed rituals and festivals like Blood Letting which norished the god.
Blood Letting Ritual
PG 6
Maya gods
The Maya people were polytheistic so they had many Gods. One of their most important God is Itzamna. He is the creator and ruler of day and night. He is believed to be largely kind and protective towards humans. He was the one who taught men to grow maize and how to use calenders, as well as being a god of medicine. Other gods would include: Kimi- The God of Death, Chac- The god responsible for rain, storms, thunder, lightning, wars and human sacrifice.
Maya God
PG 7
maya government and empire
Each city state was ruled by a king, the Mayas believed that their King was given the right to rule by the gods. The leaders of the Mayas were given the names 'halac unic' or 'ahaw' which means ruler. There were also powerful councils of leader who ran the giverment, which was chosen from the Noble class
PG 8
maya economic structure
Agriculture
The Mayans were skillful farmers . They planted maize and secondary crops such as : Beans ,Squash , corn and chilli peppers . Farming in the Maya region was difficult because there were dense forest, little surface water (rivers and lakes ) and poor soil .
Farming Methods
History
When the mayans faced challenges with farming they created different farming techniques/methods. These were : Slash and burn , Terraced farming and raised fields .
PG 9
maya economic structure
HISTORY
The Ancient Maya civilization had an advanced trade system they did not use paper currency so they traded for what they needed without it .This included gold,salt, obsidian, feathers and food .These things did not all weigh the same and they all weren't worth the same for example : An ounce of gold could get you twenty pounds of maize and an ounce of salt can get you one pound of maize .
Trade
PG 10
Maya Achievements and INventions
The Mayan People were very clever, that they were able to engrave on caves, stones and rocks which had a great role in their culture. Mayan acheivements have proven by the civilization they left behind, which witnessed their greatness. The Mayan people invent many things in different feilds. And has their own secrets for making their civilaztion.
PG 11
The Maya developed one of the most advanced systems of writing and numbers.
Mayan Achievements and Inventions
Numbers
Calenders
The Maya had two kinds of calendars, a religious calendar called the Tzolk'in and a Solar calendar called the Haab'. Every 52 years the two calendars would start on the same day. They would celebrate the New Fire Festival on this day (El Fuego Nuevo). All the fires throughout their households would be put out and they would throw away all their clay utensils. It was a time of restorataion and new beginnings.
The Maya used a number system with the base number of 20. They wrote numbers using a system of bars and dots. A bar represented the number 5. Every 5 numbers they added another bar. The number zero was written with a symbol that looked like a shell.
PG 12
LEARN!
Glossary
Tzolk'in
Civilization
The Tolk'in is a religious calender, having 260-days and two cycles (a20 day cycle and a 13 day cycle).
A Civilization is a society that has cities, a well organized government and workers with specialized jobs.
Haab
Blood Letting
The Haab is part of the Maya calendric system. It was a 365-day solar calendar.
Blood Letting is a Ritual done by the Mayan people, becuase they thought that the Gods used their own blood to create them. Hence, they do this riutal to give back the blood that the Gods used.
PG 13
Maya settlement
Map of Mexico and Central America where the Mayas settled
PG 14
thank You !