UNIT 3: MATTER, MATERIALS AND FORCES

matter, materials and forces

UNIT 3 - NATURAL SCIENCES 5TH LEVEL - PRIMARY EDUCATION

start

INDEX

2. Properties of materials

1. What is matter?

3. What is a force?

1.1 Specific properties en matter: mass and volume

Flexible -Rigid

Hard - Soft

Shiny - Dull

Rough - Smooth

Transparent - Opaque

Waterproof - Absorbent

3.1 The effects of forces

1.2 States of matter

3.2 Gravity force

Characteristics of states of matter

3.3 Atracttion and repulsion in forces

1.3 Changes in the states of matter

1.4 Density. Measuring matter

2.1 Can human improvematerials?

1. what is matter?

Matter is around you. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter always has two main characteristics: VOLUME AND MASS.

1.1 Specific properties of matter

What is mass?Mass is the quantity of matter in an object. We measure mass in kilograms and grams. The instrument we can use to measure mass is the scale. What is volume? Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. We measure volume in litres and milliletres or cubic metres.The instruments we can use to measure volume are graduated recipients or measuring tape.

1.2 STATES OF MATTER. Characteristics of the states.

Remember the states of matter and their characteristics.

• SOLID MATTER

It has color, size, shape, texture and hardness.

• LIQUID MATTER

It has color, smell, texture, no own shape, takes up shape of container.

• GASEOUS MATTER

It has no color, no taste, no texture, no own shape, and takes up the shape of a container.

characteristics of THE states of matter

matter - states of matter - videos

ACTIVITY

Write and draw (if possible) in your NATURAL SCIENCE notebook:- Two things made of solid matter. - Two things made of liquid matter. - Two things made of gaseous matter.

1.3 changes in the state of matter

changes in the state of matter

MELTING When a solid is heating to its melting point, it changes into a liquid. SOLIDIFICATION (FREEZING) When a liquid is cooled to its freezing point, it turns into a solid. CONDENSATION Gases turn into liquids if they cooled down. EVAPORATION (BOILING) Liquids turn into gases if they are heating to their boiling point.

LEARN MORE HERE

hAVE A LOOK AT THIS VIDEO

now, DO THE WORKSHEETS

states of matter

changes in states of matter

WARNING!

SCIENCE EXPERIMENT S AWAY FROM YOUR ELECTRONIC DEVICE

1.4 measuring matter

WHAT IS DENSITY ?

Density is the word we use to tell how tightly packed things are. Density is the relationship between mass and volume. Density = mass / volumeSolids, liquids and gases have different densities. When something has more density, it sinks. When something has less density, it floats.

MATTER: MASS, VOLUME AND DENSITY

EXPERIMENT!

INSTRUMENTS TO measure mass and volume

Take an orange. LET'S EXPERIMENT!

VOLUME

MASS

Remember.We can measure volume of irregular solids by calculating the quantity of water the solid desplaces in the recipient.

Look for a graduated recipient at home and put 500 ml of water into it.Put the orange into the recipient to measure its volume in milliletres.

Look for a cooking scale at the kitchen. Weigh the orange to measure its mass. Take note in your notebook in grams.

2. properties of materials

Everything is made of materials. When we want to make something, we need to choose the best material for the job. The property of a material is something about it that we can measure, see or feel.Therefore, properties help describe materials.

some properties of materials are the following

HARD - SOFT

FLEXIBLE - RIGID

TRANSPARENT - OPAQUE

ROUGH - SMOOTH

SHINY - DULL

WATERPROOF - ABSORBENT

activity

• Take your Science notebook.
• Think of three objects.
• Draw the objects.
• Write a simple description of each object by exploring the properties of the materials you observe in them.

Example: "A pencil is made of wood. Pencils are hard, rigid and waterproof.

2.1 CAN HUMANs IMPROVE MATERIALS?

Human beings create new materials all the time and can improve the ones that already exist.

3. what is a force

what a force is in science

Look at the video and take some notes in your notebook that you consider important to dicuss in class later.

3. What is a force?

A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the interaction of an object with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force. Forces only exist as a result of an interaction.

3.1 the effects of force

• A force can move a stationary object.
• A force can stop a moving object.
• A force can change the speed of a moving object.
• A force can change the direction of a moving object.
• A force can change the shape and size of an object.

THINK AND DRAW EFFECTS OF FORCES EXAMPLES

CHANGE THE DIRECTION

CHANGE SHAPE AND SIZE

CHANGE THE SPEED

MOVE OBJECTS

STOP OBJECTS

3.2 GRAVITY FORCE

Gravity force is a non-contact invisible force that pulls objects toward each other. Earth's gravity is what keeps you on the ground and what makes things fall. Anything that has mass also has gravity.

Have a look at this interesting video

DRAWING GRAVITY

3.3 attraction and repulsion forces

Attraction and repulsion are invisible non-contact forces. When two opposite magnetic poles are close, they attract each other. When like poles are pushed together, there is a force of repulsion. The rule for magnets is that like poles repel and unlike poles attract.

some examples to experiment magnetism

Thank you!See you at Unit 4