Leonardo QuiñonesLouis Pliego Laia Pinyol
GLOBAL CHANGE
NORTH AMERICA
asia
EUROPE
africa
Visual information
SOUTH AMERICA
oceanIA
Social indicators
Economic indicators
Environmental indicators
Consideration
RETURN TO THE MAP
In the present time, despite some economic improvements, dramatic socio-economic, environmental, and land-use problems have emerged. Regional intervention and the management of rural mosaics should be the basic priorities in improving biological and landscape production and diversity in these natural areas.
Varga, D.; Vila Subirós, J.; Barriocanal, C.; Pujantell, J. Landscape Transformation under Global Environmental Change in Mediterranean Mountains: Agrarian Lands as a Guarantee for Maintaining Their Multifunctionality. Forests 2018, 9, 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9010027
Drought Shrinks California's Shasta Lake
Shasta Lake is California's largest reservoir and third largest body of water, a key water source for Central Valley agriculture. But drought has been depleting the lake. Between the times of the two images, Shasta's water level dropped 107 feet (33 meters). Its water storage decreased to about 40% of capacity and about half of the historical average for the time of year shown. The tan fringe around the water in the 2021 image is a “bathtub ring” lakebed that the falling water level exposed
Deforestation in Rondônia in western Brazil
Once home to 208,000 square kilometers of forest (about 51.4 million acres), an area slightly smaller than the state of Kansas — has become one of the most deforested parts of the Amazon. In the past three decades, clearing and degradation of the state’s forests have been rapid: 4,200 square kilometers cleared by 1978; 30,000 by 1988; and 53,300 by 1998. By 2003, an estimated 67,764 square kilometers of rainforest—an area larger than the state of West Virginia—had been cleared.
Deforestation in Amazonia
In the Amazon, around 17% of the forest has been lost in the last 50 years, mostly due to forest conversion for cattle ranching. The threats manifest themselves in the form of deforestation and forest degradation. The main cause of deforestation is agriculture (poorly planned infrastructure is emerging as a big threat too) and the main cause of forest degradation is illegal logging. In 2019, the tropics lost close to 30 soccer fields' worth of trees every single minute.
Forest regrowht in Alaska
These images show regrowth on Alaska's Admiralty Island after logging in the 1980s and 1990s destroyed some old-growth forests. The 2002 image was taken three years after large-scale clear-cutting stopped. While new trees have emerged, as seen in the 2019 image, it may be hundreds of years before the new forests can match the quality of the old-growth habitats they're replacing. Among the rich array of wildlife living on the island are 1,000 brown bears and 2,500 bald eagles.
Forest regrowht in Alaska
Spalte Glacier (top right) was a branch of a huge ice shelf in northeastern Greenland called Nioghalvfjerdsbrae, aka 79 N (1986 image, left). But in late June 2020, Spalte broke off from its parent and fractured into numerous icebergs (2020 image, right). Despite the loss of 114-square-kilometer glacier, 79 N remains the Arctic's largest ice shelf, at about 70 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide. But scientists say that rifts visible just south of where Spalte had been attached portend further loss
Invasion of the Water Hyacinths in Mexico
The floating plants, native to the Amazon basin, are relentless invaders in other parts of the world. They obstruct waterways, clog hydropower plants, and block sunlight from penetrating the water’s surface. Some scientists attribute the problem to water pollution: Nutrients in untreated sewage, which often accompanies rapid urbanization, enable the plants to thrive. In these false-color images, clear water is dark blue and vegetation is red. The brighter the red, the more robust the vegetation
Increase of urban population
More people require more resources, which means that as the population increases, the Earth's resources deplete more rapidly. The result of this depletion is deforestation and loss of biodiversity as humans strip the Earth of resources to accommodate rising population numbers.Most populated city is Tokio: 13,96 millons (2021)
Capital accumulation
Economic growth means an increase in real output (real GDP). The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption of non-renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the potential loss of environmental habitats. Country with highest GDP: USA: 20,94 billions USD (2020)
International tourism
Tourism puts enormous stress on local land use, and can lead to soil erosion, increased pollution, natural habitat loss, and more pressure on endangered species. These effects can gradually destroy the environmental resources on which tourism itself depends. Country with highest international tourism: France: 89.4 million arrivals (2018)
Energy use increase
The environmental problems directly related to energy production and consumption include air pollution, climate change, water pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. Country with highest consumption per capita: USA: 12,994 kWh/ capital
Greenhouse gas emissions in China
China emitted 14,093 million metric tons of co2 in 2019, more than triple the 1990 levels and as much as all the OECD countries combined.
Arctic warming
In the last 50 years records show that temperature in the arctic has increased 3,5ºC. This indicates that global warming is worse in the north pole than in the rest of the planet. The graph shows the difference in average temperature every June since 1990 until 2010.
Ocean acidification
The increase in CO2 levels in the atmosphere translates into an increase in water CO2 levels, which drive its pH down, from slightly basic to neutral, endangering many species that depend on a stable pH level to survive. Other mechanisms that endanger marine species are ocean temperature rise and ocean deoxygenation.
GLOBAL CHANGE IMPACTS
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Transcript
Leonardo QuiñonesLouis Pliego Laia Pinyol
GLOBAL CHANGE
NORTH AMERICA
asia
EUROPE
africa
Visual information
SOUTH AMERICA
oceanIA
Social indicators
Economic indicators
Environmental indicators
Consideration
RETURN TO THE MAP
In the present time, despite some economic improvements, dramatic socio-economic, environmental, and land-use problems have emerged. Regional intervention and the management of rural mosaics should be the basic priorities in improving biological and landscape production and diversity in these natural areas.
Varga, D.; Vila Subirós, J.; Barriocanal, C.; Pujantell, J. Landscape Transformation under Global Environmental Change in Mediterranean Mountains: Agrarian Lands as a Guarantee for Maintaining Their Multifunctionality. Forests 2018, 9, 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9010027
Drought Shrinks California's Shasta Lake
Shasta Lake is California's largest reservoir and third largest body of water, a key water source for Central Valley agriculture. But drought has been depleting the lake. Between the times of the two images, Shasta's water level dropped 107 feet (33 meters). Its water storage decreased to about 40% of capacity and about half of the historical average for the time of year shown. The tan fringe around the water in the 2021 image is a “bathtub ring” lakebed that the falling water level exposed
Deforestation in Rondônia in western Brazil
Once home to 208,000 square kilometers of forest (about 51.4 million acres), an area slightly smaller than the state of Kansas — has become one of the most deforested parts of the Amazon. In the past three decades, clearing and degradation of the state’s forests have been rapid: 4,200 square kilometers cleared by 1978; 30,000 by 1988; and 53,300 by 1998. By 2003, an estimated 67,764 square kilometers of rainforest—an area larger than the state of West Virginia—had been cleared.
Deforestation in Amazonia
In the Amazon, around 17% of the forest has been lost in the last 50 years, mostly due to forest conversion for cattle ranching. The threats manifest themselves in the form of deforestation and forest degradation. The main cause of deforestation is agriculture (poorly planned infrastructure is emerging as a big threat too) and the main cause of forest degradation is illegal logging. In 2019, the tropics lost close to 30 soccer fields' worth of trees every single minute.
Forest regrowht in Alaska
These images show regrowth on Alaska's Admiralty Island after logging in the 1980s and 1990s destroyed some old-growth forests. The 2002 image was taken three years after large-scale clear-cutting stopped. While new trees have emerged, as seen in the 2019 image, it may be hundreds of years before the new forests can match the quality of the old-growth habitats they're replacing. Among the rich array of wildlife living on the island are 1,000 brown bears and 2,500 bald eagles.
Forest regrowht in Alaska
Spalte Glacier (top right) was a branch of a huge ice shelf in northeastern Greenland called Nioghalvfjerdsbrae, aka 79 N (1986 image, left). But in late June 2020, Spalte broke off from its parent and fractured into numerous icebergs (2020 image, right). Despite the loss of 114-square-kilometer glacier, 79 N remains the Arctic's largest ice shelf, at about 70 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide. But scientists say that rifts visible just south of where Spalte had been attached portend further loss
Invasion of the Water Hyacinths in Mexico
The floating plants, native to the Amazon basin, are relentless invaders in other parts of the world. They obstruct waterways, clog hydropower plants, and block sunlight from penetrating the water’s surface. Some scientists attribute the problem to water pollution: Nutrients in untreated sewage, which often accompanies rapid urbanization, enable the plants to thrive. In these false-color images, clear water is dark blue and vegetation is red. The brighter the red, the more robust the vegetation
Increase of urban population
More people require more resources, which means that as the population increases, the Earth's resources deplete more rapidly. The result of this depletion is deforestation and loss of biodiversity as humans strip the Earth of resources to accommodate rising population numbers.Most populated city is Tokio: 13,96 millons (2021)
Capital accumulation
Economic growth means an increase in real output (real GDP). The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption of non-renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the potential loss of environmental habitats. Country with highest GDP: USA: 20,94 billions USD (2020)
International tourism
Tourism puts enormous stress on local land use, and can lead to soil erosion, increased pollution, natural habitat loss, and more pressure on endangered species. These effects can gradually destroy the environmental resources on which tourism itself depends. Country with highest international tourism: France: 89.4 million arrivals (2018)
Energy use increase
The environmental problems directly related to energy production and consumption include air pollution, climate change, water pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. Country with highest consumption per capita: USA: 12,994 kWh/ capital
Greenhouse gas emissions in China
China emitted 14,093 million metric tons of co2 in 2019, more than triple the 1990 levels and as much as all the OECD countries combined.
Arctic warming
In the last 50 years records show that temperature in the arctic has increased 3,5ºC. This indicates that global warming is worse in the north pole than in the rest of the planet. The graph shows the difference in average temperature every June since 1990 until 2010.
Ocean acidification
The increase in CO2 levels in the atmosphere translates into an increase in water CO2 levels, which drive its pH down, from slightly basic to neutral, endangering many species that depend on a stable pH level to survive. Other mechanisms that endanger marine species are ocean temperature rise and ocean deoxygenation.