Western Classical Plays and Operas.

Western Classical Plays

and Operas

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Western Classical Play/Operas

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The western theater arts of the different western countries performed from different periods and influenced more of the Ancient Greek and Roman theater It influenced also the Philippine theater plays and operas.

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Famous Playwrights and composer

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Topics

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Dance

Basic Types of Dance

Greek Theater

Sophocles

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

Romantic Theater

George Bizet

Renaissance Theater

William Shakespeare

Presenters

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Renlie Navarro

Venice Kohli Lucas

Cleo Gispert

Jaron Dequito

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Aaron Cuestas

Chrisle Catalla

Greek Theater

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The origin of western theater came from the history of Greek theater, it all began from festivals honoring Greek gods, one of these gods, Dionysus, the god of festivities and alcohol, was honored with a festival called “City Dionysia”.

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1 Three theatrical forms of Greek theater

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2 Theater buildings

3:53

3 Sophocles

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Greek Theater

Western Classical Play/Operas

Tragedy which comes from the Greek word tragos, which means goat and oide, which means song, and which perhaps refer to the goats sacrificed to Dionysus before performances; Aristotle’s Poetics contains the earliest known theory about the origins of tragedy, he says that it evolved from dithyrambs, hymns sung in praise of Dionysus, this ties to the origins of the word tragedy, tragos, which means song, and therefore dithyrambs. Thespis, a Greek poet, is considered to be the first Greek “actor” and originator of tragedy, there are also three well-known Greek tragedist of the 5th century, such as: Sophocles, Euripides and Aeschylus.

Three theatrical forms of Greek theater

Tragedy

Comedy was also an important genre of ancient Greek theater. Comedy plays were derived from imitation; there are no traces of its origin, and Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays, out of these 11 plays survived- Lysistrata, a humorous tale about a strong woman who leads a female coalition to end war in Greece.

Three theatrical forms of Greek theater

Comedy

Satyr Plays were short lighthearted tailpieces performed after each trilogy of tragedies, it’s an ancient Greek form of tragic comedy, these feature half-men/half-goat characters known as Satyrs.

Three theatrical forms of Greek theater

Satyr Plays

Theater buildings were called a theatron, theaters were open-aired structures constructed on the slopes of hills, they consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the audience.

1. Orchestra - a large circular or rectangular area at the center part of the theater where the play, dances, religious rite and/or acting takes place.
2. Skene - a large rectangular building behind the orchestra used as a backstage, actors would change their costumes and masks here.
3. Theatron - the place where the audience of a Greek tragedy sat to view the performances.

Theater buildings

Ancient Greek Theatre

As mentioned beforehand there were three well-known tragedist, one of these tragedist was Sophocles. Sophocles was born at about 496 BC in Colonus Hippius, he was to become one of the greatest playwrights of the golden age, he wrote more than 100 plays, of which 7 complete tragedies, and fragments of 80 or 90 others are preserved. His contemporary playwrights were Aeschylus and Euripides, he was the first to add a third actor, he also abolished the trilogic form and chose to make each tragedy a complete entity in itself, and as a result, he had packed all of his action into a shorter form, and clearly offered greater dramatic opportunities.

Sophocles

The Father of Tragedy

The philosophy of Sophocles is that the dead control and affect our life. - In Greek tragedy the natural forces are destructive. The plays Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus and Antigone, collectively known as the Theban plays. These three great tragedies are Sophocles famous works.

Sophocles

The Father of Tragedy

Greek Theater

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Sophocles the father of Comedy

3:53

Feature half-men/half-fish characters known as Satyrs

Dionysus, the god of festivities and alcohol

3:55

Greek Theater

Western Classical Play/Operas

Renaissance Theater

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Renaissance period was from 14th to 17th centuries, the main interests are classical Greek and Roman art, culture, and theatre returned.

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1 Major Theater Design

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2 William Shakespeare

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3 Theatrical Elements

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Renaissance Theater

Western Classical Play/Operas

Frames and divides stage from the audience and the art of painting cloths as backdrops for scenery. Their stages are deep and sometimes raked, meaning the stage is gently sloped rising away from the audience. The advantages are that it gives everyone in the audience a good view because the performers need only focus on one direction rather than continually moving around the stage to give a good view from all sides.

Proscenium Theater

Major Theatre Design

“comedy of the profession”. This form of theater was improvised, quick-witted performance by wandering players. They wore masks to portray a character and they made up their lines as they went along. The commedia dell'arte was a form of popular theatre that emphasized ensemble acting (meaning acting by group of actors or musician); its improvisations were set in a firm framework of masks and stock situations, and its plots were frequently borrowed from the classical literary tradition of the commedia erudita, or literary drama. A popular comedy play; Italian theatres in which the same characters appeared in different plays.

Commedia dell’ arte

From of Theater

Born on April 23, 1564, on Stratford-on-Avon. His parents were John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. He studied at the King Edward IV Grammar school in Stratford, where he learned Latin and little Greek and read the Roman dramatists. He wrote more than 30 plays divided into four categories such as (history, comedy, tragedy, and romance)

William Shakespeare

The world's greatest dramatist

During Elizabethan times, William Shakespeare began his career. He was the most famous playwright in history. He was an actor and a poet who wrote plays for his company. William Shakespeare, also known as the Bard, is responsible for some of the most famous and beloved plays and poetry ever written in the English language. His most well-known works include Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Taming of the Shrew, Macbeth, and Hamlet.

William Shakespeare

The world's greatest dramatist

Balconies and tombs: "above" and "within." Romeo and Juliet is a fea of staging. It is as if Shakespeare used every stage trick he could to ; there is the dance, and two passionate, intense duels. The most detailed early sketch of the stage shows spectators where we would expect Juliet on the balcony, and nowhere for the

heighten the drama

Theatrical Elements

Romeo And Juliet

tomb she dies in.

PROPS In this play props may vary depend on the scene /act of the artist are going to perform

COSTUME These are based on the style and design of dresses worn during the renaissance period. The costumes in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet are from the Elizabethan era which is generally considered to be during the time of the reign of Queen Elizabeth Men Typically wore boots, pants, shirt, vest and a hat.

Theatrical Elements

Romeo And Juliet

Women They wore shoes, and over and underskirt, a shirt, a bodice and a bat Typically wore their hair long and braided Clothing was a direct indication of wealth and the cost was related to fabrics and colors

Theatrical Elements

Romeo And Juliet

Renaissance Theater

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The commedia dell'arte was a form of popular theatre that emphasized ensemble acting (meaning acting by group of actors or musician)

4:31

William Shakespeare, also known as the Bart

6:07

Renaissance period was from 12th to 17th centuries

3:41

Renaissance Theater

Western Classical Play/Operas

Romantic Theater

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Was the natural expansion of deeply aroused sensibility bursting beyond the bounds of all doctrines.

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1 Romanticism

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2 George Bizet

Romantic Theater

George Bizet

Dramatic poetry was the application of long elaborated ideas and theories, in open and deliberate antagonism with those by which Classical tragedy had been governed. The French word “Melodrame '' is the original word for melodrama which means “melos” (music) and “drame” from the Greek word (dran) to “Perform”. Dramatic work that puts characters in a lot of danger in order to appeal to the emotion in which music was used to accompany moves of the characters.

Romanticism

Romantic Theater

What comes to your mind when you hear the word

OPERA?

Opera

Romanticism

French composer of Operas, excerpt from his habanera was used for chains of love in and was the most popular among his works. The story of Carmen tells the downfall of Don Jose, a naïve soldier who is seduced by the charms of the sizzling Gypsy, Carmen.

"Mickey Donald and Goofy, The Three Musketeers"

Carmen

George Bizet

Romantic Theater

• Was an opera of four acts and it was performed at the opera.

• It was performed in Paris on March 3, 1875 .

• Written by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy by prosper merimee.

Carmen

George Bizet

Romantic Theater

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Opera is an art form in which the musicians is not perform a dramatic work.

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Dramatic poetry was the application of long elaborated ideas and theories.

6:07

George Bizet is a Italian composer

3:41

Romantic Theater

George Bizet

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

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A play is a work of drama, usually consisting mostly of dialogue between characters and intended for theatrical performance rather than just reading. The writer of a play is a playwright.

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Visual element

Theme

Dialogue

Plot

Characters

Music

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

Western Classical Play/Operas

This element comprises the melody in the use of sounds and rhythm in dialogues as well as melodious compositions, which form a part of many plays. The songs and sound effects that are used in a play make up the musical element of drama. Music composers and lyricists sit together to create music that can go well with the theme of play. Music can reveal the inner emotional life of a character, foreshadow a vicious attack or budding love, or comment on the action onstage.

Music

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

A form a part of the story are interwoven with the plot of the drama. Each character in a play has a personality of its own and has a distinct set of principles and beliefs. Actors who play various roles in a drama have the very important responsibility of bringing characters to life. The character helps to further the plot, to express ideas and contribute to spectacle. Thoughts, words and deeds of character help in understanding the character in a better way, bring to life in performance.

Characters

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

It is the central idea of the play. It can either be clearly stated through dialogue or action or can be inferred after watching the entire performance. Theme is especially essential to give your characters and events meaning, a meaning that often leads to great spiritual or emotional involvement and release by an audience. Great themes create great drama.

Theme

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

These are the order of events in the play. It is the basic story line that is narrated through a play. The entertainment one derives from a play depends largely on the sequence of events that occur in that story. Plot is the sequence of interconnected events within the story of a play, novel, film, epic, or other narrative literary work.

Plot

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

The story of any play is taken forward by means of the dialogue. The story is narrated through the dialogue written by the playwright. The success of the drama depends hugely on the contents of the dialogue and the quality of dialogue delivery by the actors of the play. Dialogue is a great way for characters to reveal themselves in the words they use and the way those words are delivered.

Dialogue

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

The dialogue and music constitute the audible aspect of drama, the visual element deals with the scenes, costumes and special effects used in it. The visual element of drama, also known as the spectacle, renders a visual appeal to it. The special effects used in a play add to the visual appeal. Thus, the spectacle forms an essential component of drama. Spectacles are what the audiences see such as costumes, sets, and special effects.

Visual Element

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

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Music is the central idea of the play.

6:07

The theme compromises the melody in the use of sounds.

The visual element deals with the scenes, costumes and special effects used in a play.

3:41

BASIC ELEMENTS OF MUSICAL PLAY\THEATER

Western Classical Play/Operas

Dance

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Dance is an interdisciplinary art form that involves the movement of the body to rhythmic music. It contains elements of theater, design and the visual arts in a variety of cultural contexts. It’s performed by means of expression, social or exercise, and like many art forms it’s used to express an idea or story.

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3:35

1 Different Basic Types of Dances

Dance

Western Classical Play/Operas

This dance type is considered to be one of the most elite and entertaining styles of dancing. In its early days, this dance type was only for the privileged and rich classes, this style of partner dance originated in Germany but it’s popular all over the world. This contains many other dance styles such as: Tango, Waltz, Foxtrot, Swing, Cha-cha, Rumba, Samba, Salsa and many more.

Ballroom

Basic type of Dance

This is an elegant and beautiful dance type with a formal look, and was developed in France and Russia. The classical Ballet is the most formal style of ballet, but there are many more, such as: the Romantic, Neoclassical and Contemporary ballet.

Ballet Dance

Basic Type of Dance

Brought and popularized by the King of Pop himself, Michael Jackson, into the mainstream. It’s actually a form of street dance that was part of the hip-hop scene, it’s mostly male dominated, and is characterized with a “battle” between groups. Clothing is also a distinct trait whilst performing this dance type.

Break Dance

Basic Type of Dance

A street dance style and it’s actually a combination of dance moves with loads of attitude as well as “colorful dancewear”. It consists of various other styles which includes popping and locking, which the iconic moonwalk dance move uses. Of course, like Break dance, outfits and clothes are integral to this dance type, and have to be selected with care.

Hip Hop Dance

Basic Type of Dance

This dance type originates in African American culture, it’s energetic yet equally graceful, it has many influencers that have added variety to this dance form. Jazz dance's most common steps are the: ball change, the pivot step, the toe rise, the pirouettes and the Jazz walk, etc.

Jazz Dance

Basic Type of Dance

Usually performed in groups at social events and can be attempted by all types of common folk, every country and region has their own unique styles, and many various folk dances can be found all over the globe.

Folk Dances

Basic Types of Dance

A particularly interesting dance type that’s been around for centuries, but it’s also emerging as a new way to remain fit, especially for the ladies. It’s basic steps involve circular movements by the hips with a shimmy, this requires for one to be really flexible whilst performing with bold, face veils and hip belts.

Belly Dance

Basic Type of Dance

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Dance

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Jazz originated in White American culture.

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Ballet Dance was developed in France and Russia.

6:07

Ballroom Dance originated in Russia.

3:41

Dance

Western Classical Play/Operas

Famous Playwrights and Composer

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The famous playwrights and composer of the western theater arts/opera were Sophocles on Oedipus Rex, William Shakespeare on Romeo and Juliet , George Bizet on Carmen and in the Philippines WalangSugat by Severino Reyes and Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas.

Famous Playwrights and Composer

Western Classical Plays/Opera

Quiz for Unit IV: Lesson 1-3

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1. What city-state was the epicenter for theatrical traditions in the ancient times?
2. Aristotle’s poetics suggest that the origin of tragedy evolved from?
3. Name the three main elements of a Theatron in any order?
4. The Renaissance period was from _ to _ centuries?
5. The most famous playwright in history?
6. What’re the 2 major theater designs?
7. Was the natural expansion of deeply aroused sensibility?
8. A French composer whose excerpt from his habanera was used for chains of love in the Three Musketeers?
9. Was an opera of four acts and it was performed at the opera in Paris 1875?
10. Whos is the father of tragedy?

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Quiz for Unit IV: Lesson 4-5

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1. What do you call a writer of a play?
2. Name three basic elements of Musical Play/Theater in any order?
3. Name the other three basic elements of Musical Play/Theater in any order?
4. Great themes create great ______?
5. Is an interdisciplinary art form that involves movement of the body to rhythmic music?
6. A dance type that was popularized by the King Of Pop, Michael Jackson?
7. Usually performed in groups at social events, every country and region has their own unique styles?

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Quiz for Unit IV: Lesson 4-5

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Name the dance

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8. __________

9. __________