integrated project
by: abdelrahman sameh dr.aser shaltoot omar elhakim ziad ahmed dr.youssef haitham 10c
INDEX
biology
Health
Math
English
History
Arabic
click on which subject you wish to go
French
hookworm infection
Hookworm is a parasite that infects the intestines. Hookworm larvae (eggs) enter through your skin. Once they reach the intestine, they hatch. As the name implies, hookworms have a hook-like head that attaches to the intestinal walls. Hookworm disease is widespread in many parts of the world. As many as 740 million people worldwide have hookworm disease.
01
parasites
there will be no images for the sake of your life
A parasite is an organism that needs to live on or inside another organism (animal or human). The parasite relies on its host (the creature it lives in or on) to survive.
Hookworms are parasites that live inside the intestines. There, they feed on blood from the intestinal wall, mature and lay eggs.
how does a person get infected
Hookworm disease affects children and adults. It is most common in warm, humid and tropical locations. It’s especially common in places lacking indoor sanitation.
People who live in warm climates in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation are more at risk of developing hookworm infections.
You can become infected with hookworms by coming into contact with soil that contains their larvae. The larvae enter your skin, travel through your bloodstream, and enter your lungs. They are carried to your small intestine when you cough them out of the lung and swallow. Fully grown, they can live in your small intestine for a year or more before passing through your feces.
how series can hookworms be
The gastrointestinal tract is the tract from the mouth to the anus which includes all the organs of the digestive system in humans and other animals.
If you have a hookworm infection that lasts a long time, you could become anemic. Anemia is characterized by a low red blood cell count, which can contribute to heart failure in severe cases. Anemia results from hookworms feeding on your blood. You’re more at risk of having severe anemia if you also don’t eat well, are pregnant, or have malaria.
Most people infected with hookworms have no symptoms. Some have gastrointestinal symptoms, especially persons who are infected for the first time.
treatment side effects
duration
ways of treatment
Anthelmintic drugs (pharmaceuticals that eliminate parasitic worms from the body), including albendazole and mebendazole, are the most common form of treatment.
he average duration of treatment for an infection is 1-3 days. The medications recommended appear to be effective with few side effects.
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, stomach pain, gas or rash
prevention overall
and how this speaks to the poor
prevention
Wearing shoes outside.
Don't touch contaminated soil with your skin.
Don't eat food that could be contaminated.
Keep your hands away from dog poop (especially in parks, where you may not know if other people's pets have hookworm).
Preventing heartworm infection with heartworm preventive medication that also protects against hookworm infection is the best strategy, especially if feces are removed from your yard daily.
Hookworm infection
places with most infections.
places where hookworms are most common
Thanks!
and now we leave you with nazareyat dr aser shaltoot
Health
poverty
S T A R T
what is poverty
health systems
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
LOW INCOME STATUSCOMMUNITY-ORIENTED PRIMARY CARE (COPC) COMMUNITY RESPONSIVE CARE
what is poverty
Poverty is a major cause of ill health and a barrier to accessing health care when needed. This relationship is financial: the poor cannot afford to purchase those things that are needed for good health, But, the relationship is also related to other factors related to poverty,
Ill health, in turn, is a major cause of poverty. This is partly due to the costs of seeking health care, which include not only out-of-pocket spending on care both of the breadwinner, but also of family members who may be obliged to stop working or attending school to take care of an ill relative. In addition, poor families coping with illness might be forced to sell assets to cover medical expenses, borrow at high interest rates or become indebted to the community.
health systems
No Krispy Kreme for the poor
Strong health systems improve the health status of the whole population, but especially of the poor among whom ill health and poor access to health care tends to be concentrated, as well as protect households from the potentially catastrophic effects of out-of-pocket health care costs. In general, poor health is disproportionately concentrated among the poor.
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
Poverty occurs when an individual or family lacks the resources to provide life necessities, such as food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. It also includes a lack of access to such resources as health care, education, and transportation. Nearly one-third of Egyptians fall below the poverty line, with the unemployment rate trending higher than extremely impoverished countries such as Ghana, Lebanon and Zimbabwe. In 2011, lasting poverty rates and poor living conditions caused Egyptian retaliation against the government. Political instability has complicated Egypt’s foreign partnerships since that time, subsequently affecting all areas of the economy;
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
the Egyptian government succeeded in obtaining a loan from the International Monetary Fund in 2016. While there might be uncertainties for the future of the loan, it is certainly aiding the nation in the return of tourists. Research on Egypt’s travel and tourism show promising signs of continued recovery,
LOW INCOME STATUS
The term “low income” generally describes individuals and families whose annual income is less than 130-150% of the federal poverty income level.\Poverty and low-income status are associated with various adverse health outcomes, including shorter life expectancy, higher infant mortality rates, and higher death rates for the 14 leading causes of death.
poverty and health
These social factors have a more significant collective impact on health and health outcomes than health behavior, health care, and the physical environment
how does health get affected by poverty
Low-income communities also contend with other structural challenges that contribute to higher rates of obesity and chronic disease, including less access to fresh foods; a higher density of fast-food restaurants; and a built environment that is not conducive to physical activity, with less open space and fewer parks and sidewalks. As a result, poor adults have higher rates of obesity and are less likely to meet guideline-recommended levels of physical activity, compared to other adults.
Thank you!
History project
presentation
INDEX
effects on poverty during ww1
01
09
05
what is poverty
QUOTE
02
the life of people
06
10
inflation
conflict
poor health systems
lack of education
03
11
07
hunger
04
08
12
lack of reserves
regards
MAPS
what is poverty
How do you envision poverty? The image probably represents the life of someone who has no food to eat, lives in a shabby house, or does not have a home at all. And they probably can’t afford to buy the goods and services you normally take for granted The most basic definition of poverty is a lack of sufficient resources for food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. But in today’s world, that can be extended to include access to health care, education and even transportation
ww1 and poverty
During ww1 the war had staggering costs that affected everyone around the continent. during 1914-1918, the government had to cut most of the population's living costs and had to adjust the line of poverty. the war affected about 66% of Europe's population. which was devastating for the people and since they wouldn't be able to cover their basic needs in life. Trade was nearly cut off. people lived with what the country produced, in France, the country lost 14% percent of its industrial output on raw materials. Sugar was scarce and people suffered.
continued
Reductions in food reserves and rationing of key foods have been a constant feature of the winter of 1915. Calls to save food, firewood, salt, oil, flour and bread became a daily companion to the war. Important foods and bread were soon rationed. A series of orders followed as market prices rose and butcher shops closed. Wheat flour was no longer available. Because of many additives, bread became less digestible, 'flat and crumbly',
In 1914, the exchange rate of the German mark to the American dollar was about 4.2 to one. Nine years later, it was 4.2 trillion to one.
The rate of inflation in the war was huge: prices rose on average by 100 % per year
inflation in germany
PEOPLE
However, Germany lost the war and was forced to repay the Allies huge debts and reparations under the Treaty of Versailles. Germany struggled to survive in increasingly absurd conditions as the government commissioned 130 printing companies to print ever more worthless currency. Waiters had to climb onto tables every half hour to announce new menu prices and workers brought wheelbarrows, sacks, and suitcases to work to collect wages. One distracted employee found his suitcase had been stolen with his wages thrown inside
During World War I, the German government printed unbacked currency and borrowed money to finance military expenditures, causing inflation that spiralled out of control. In the end, the strategy was to pay off the debts by capturing resource-rich territories and imposing reparations on the vanquished Allies.
Great britain
Some panic buying and hoarding of food occurred during the early months of the war. In addition, when Germany began adopting a policy of 'unrestricted submarine warfare,' the amount of supplies reaching Britain declined. Full rationing was finally introduced in Britain in 1918. Key foodstuffs like sugar, meat, butter, cheese and margarine were now apportioned more fairly, but before that people had to go from 5 am to other towns just to get meat.
Food shortages were one of the main effects of the war on civilians. Agriculture felt the strain of war; production declined and prices rose.
+ INFO
+ the life of people in their perspective
Great britain
harry smith: At the beginning we had very little shortage, because we had plenty of food. But afterwards it became very, very serious. All we had was a ration of, oh, I can’t remember the bread. I remember it was something very dark and very… it didn’t taste like bread at all. There was no milk – we did have some milk, we had Carnation milk, or something like that, which was really on ration. The three adults with me really went short, to give it to me. Because I remember I used to say, ‘Don’t you have some?’ ‘No, no we don’t want it.’ And of course I was having the best. I was the only child, you see. In Britain, the increasing shortages resulted in goods being unevenly distributed. When a shop had new stock in, everyone rushed to buy up what they could. If you didn’t get there quickly, you missed out.
Some found a way round the shortages
continued jane cox
I can remember lining up for potatoes. Meat, that didn’t worry us because we never had plenty of meat. Fruit, we’d have fruit once a week, so those shortages didn’t worry us. Margarine was four pence a pound. When my boyfriend come home with his, he had the naval uniform you know, he was like a petty officer. And he’d go to the shops and he’d get a little bit more, you see. My mother always relied on him coming home!
In the united states
Americans certainly had a serious sweet tooth. This is evident in comparing the different nations’ consumption of sugar. In 1916, Americans ate an astonishing 85 pounds of sugar per person a year! In comparison, the British consumed 40 pounds, the French 37 pounds, and the Germans only 20 pounds
People did many of the things we hear about today during the First World War, such as eating local, going wheatless, eating more fruits and vegetables, and reducing their consumption of white sugar. The United States Food Administration, established in 1917 and headed by Herbert Hoover, worked to convince Americans to change their eating habits in order to feed the military and starving civilians in Europe. This included conserving wheat, meat, sugar, and fats, so those items could be sent overseas.
diseases in ww1
- Among the diseases and viruses that were most prevalent were influenza, typhoid, trench foot and trench fever.
In 1915, a febrile illness called trench fever first appeared among soldiers in Flanders. This condition is sometimes referred to as "pyrexia." The symptoms of trench fever recurred in five-day cycles. At the time, the cause of the disease was unknown. Trench foot was another serious and common problem during the war, especially during the winter of 1914-15, when over 20,000 of the Allied forces suffered from it. There were millions of rats in the trenches, which could produce up to 900 young a year, despite efforts to eradicate the population. At the end of the war, 74,000 Allied troops were believed to have contracted the disease.
- Ceri Gage, Curator of Collections at the Army Medical Services Museum in Aldershot, says that infection posed one of the greatest medical risks.
“A simple cut to a finger from cleaning your gun or digging a trench could quite quickly become infected and develop into pneumonia,” she says.
education during ww1
The history of schools during the First World War was largely ignored by
historians until recently. In recent years, a number of monographs have
begun to fill the void. These monographs vary in quality and depth. They
focus on different national contexts, with one exception. Nevertheless, the
scholarship provides a basic account of how American schools operated
during the war, aside from Russia. In particular, this paper examines how
and to what extent schools mobilized their students, both in the classroom
through war lessons and outside the classroom as volunteers.
countries in education
Almost all combatant countries experienced disruptions in education during
the war, as army armies requisitioned school houses for use as hospitals,
as well as a large number of teachers enlisting in the military. Every school
also organized its students for warwork and taught about the war in the
classroom. ruptidisruptions, war work, and wartime curricula differed
widelyombatant states. Personnel shortages in Central Europe were worse
than in Allied nations. Compared with English-speaking combatant states,
the war was more integrated into the curricula in German-speaking France,
Germany, and Austria-Hungary. There were food shortages and coal
shortages in Central Europe, which led to school closures and weakened
teachers and students. In states that were engaged in education reform
before 1914, the war tended to accelerate the implementation of
progressive changes.
throught Europe
All over Europe, teachers responded to the war with loyalty to their
nations. In the early weeks and months of the war, many male teachers
eligible for military service enlisted. As a result of their education, Australia
and Germany showed a greater interest in enlisting. In Great Britain,
France, and Canada, enlistments were influenced primarily by a sense of
duty to defend a liberal and democratic government, particularly after
German atrocities were exposed in the fall of 1914. The number of eligible
male teachers serving in the military ranged from one-third to two-thirds by
1916, depending on the country.
Schoolchildren often became indisciplined and sick due to overcrowded
rooms. As a result, many schools instituted half-day or one-third-day
sessions, and instructors were given more responsibilities in Germany,
where over 80 percent of the teachers were men and two thirds of them
were serving in the military. Female teachers could not ease the disruption
because it was forbidden in Prussia to teach coed or all-boy classes. An
emergency measure lifted the rule in 1916, but did little to ease the burden.
As a result of severe shortages of food and coal, the remaining teachers,
almost all of whom worked double shifts, were weak. Due to shortages,
German schoolchildren missed weeks, and in some cases months, of
school in the last years of the war.
more work less money
schools
children were used for everything
By comparison, schools in Italy, France, Great Britain, Australia, Canada,
and the U.S. performed better. Women constituted 60 to 80 percent of the
teaching profession in these countries, so conscription did not deplete their ranks
as deeply as in the German-speaking states. The Allied states also did not
experience serious malnutrition among teachers and children. However, in the
last war winters, absences rose to 25 to 50 percent in France and
Germany. The reason children were absent was that they were taking care
of their siblings or they stayed away to earn money, scavenge and beg for
food, or to greet fathers, brothers, uncles, and friends when they returned
on military leave. There have been complaints from teachers and
administrators in France, Germany, and Great Britain that student
achievement has declined. Due to truancy, the absence of fathers, the
need for many schoolchildren to work on farms due to so many young men
gone, the decline had a lot to do with disruptions to schooling.
HOW DID POVERT AFFECT THE INDUSTRY IN
WW1
- In 1917, the U.S. federal government unleashed massive spending that
- shifted national production from civilian to war goods. A total of 3 million
- people joined the military between 1914 and 1918
U.S. involvement in the war first resulted in Europeans purchasing U.S.
goods for the war, and later the U.S. joined in. Rockoff writes that the long
period of U.S. neutrality made conversion to wartime economics easier
than it would have been otherwise. "Already at war, the United States
added real plants and equipment, exactly where they would be called upon
once it joined the war, in response to demands from other countries"
and half a million joined
the government. As a result of new manufacturing jobs and the military
draft, unemployment fell from 7.9 percent to 1.4 percent during this period.
in the US
As of 1900, Rockoff estimates that the United States spent approximately
$32 billion on World War I, or 52 percent of the country's gross national
product. Funding for the U.S. war effort was financed in the following ways:
22 percent through taxes, 58 percent by borrowing from the public, and 20
percent by printing money. The War Revenue Act of 1917 gradually
increased the rate of taxation on excess profits; -- profits above the rate of
return on capital calculated in a base period -- from 20 to 60 percent. The
tax rate on income over $50,000 increased from 1.5 percent in 1913-15 to
over 18 percent in 1918. In the meantime, Treasury Secretary William
Gibbs McAdoo peddled war bonds, even enlisting Hollywood stars and Boy
Scouts.
organizing wartime production
One of the greatest economic surprises of the war was
the military’s near-insatiable demand for vast
quantities of artillery shells. Armies expended them by
the millions in the great barrages and siege-like battles
on the Western Front, and no Allied economy was
organized to produce shells in anything near the
quantities required.
Canada’s Minister of Militia and Defence, Sam
Hughes, initially established a Shell Committee to
coordinate production, but its failure to deliver on
contracts led to angry recriminations between
Canada and Britain and widespread rumours of
corruption.
VIDEO 1
WRITE A SUBTITLE HERE
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+INFO
THANK YOU!
SUBTITLE HERE
presentation
Math and poverty
PRESS START
poverty
LEVEL 1 OF 9
Efforts to alleviate world poverty in the last few decades have proven hugely successful. Today, just 10 percent of the world is living in extreme poverty, a huge improvement from 29 in 1995 and a third of the percentage. Behind every statistic is a real person facing challenges. In addition to economic strains, poverty affects feelings of worth and mutes the voices of the poor. These nine world poverty statistics can seem overwhelming, but real change is happening in some of the most remote parts of our world.
#1. Globally, 10 percent of the world is living on less than $2 a day.
LEVEL 2 OF 9
That’s just over 700 million people living on less than $1.90 a day, the World Bank’s international line for extreme poverty.
A third of the entire urban population is living in a slum, which are unsafe or unhealthy homes in a crowded city.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, 41 percent of the population is living at less than $1.90. Those experiencing poverty to this extent can often feel a lack of control over their own outcomes and circumstances. However, in the year 1996, 59 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa was living in extreme poverty. Although the region is still facing conflict, natural disasters, and more, they are steadily progressing.
Less than half of rural populations (45 percent) have the knowledge and resources to manage their own health by washing their hands with soap and water.
LEVEL 2 OF 9
UNICEF reports that the simple practice of washing your hands can reduce preventable (and in many cases, deadly) diseases by 40 percent. The behavior is the most effective and affordable hygiene practice that a community can undertake. But, those experiencing extreme poverty often lack this knowledge and the clean water to effectively practice hand washing.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
That’s tens of millions of young children in the world who miss out on their education. In total for children under the age of 17 years, the number increases to 263 million (1 in 5 children).
According to the World Bank, Africa has experienced rapid increases in school enrollments, with total net enrollment of children in primary school expanding from just 55 percent in 1995 to 74 percent by 2012. Still, literacy rates are lowest among young women in South Asia and in West and Central Africa.
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
We see here the ten-year changes in the poverty rate for periods of (possibly overlapping) country growth of between 8 and 9 percent per year. For such fast-growing countries, the poverty reduction was fastest when the midperiod poverty rate was 50 percent. For countries with poverty rates around 10 or 90 percent, the pace of progress was roughly half.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
Here we see the share of worldwide population which is in poverty — defined as household income of no more than $1.90 per day For the first half of the nineteenth century, progress in poverty reduction was relatively slow. Over those 50 years, this poverty rate fell three percentage points or less than one percentage point every 15 years.
Then, from 1850 to 1990, progress was reasonably steady but for the periods of world war, falling more than 34 percentage points — or about one percentage point every four years.
LEVELS ACHIEVED
CONGRATULATIONS!
thank you s
Next
BONUS next slide
EST.2021
english project
a poem by abdelrahman
people sit and think people sit and think how can i make a link how can i make a link between the greedy i sit and cross the street and the needy and comes one asking for meat while the child waits to eat I gaze at him and reach for my pocket the rich is replete my hands are bare and he gives me a stare poverty poverty poverty he then laughs and says I will end you murderously "come beg with me at clair's" did you forget who you are a thing loved by the populace but hated by the mob
poem bby youssef a7
Child Of Poverty
It's so strange.
They speak about it.
Pizza! burgers! chicken! meat!
I don't know what 'delicious' means!
I don't know what 'over weighting' is!
I just know what'skinny' is
Everyone calls me like this.
My food is great, wonderful!
Eating this way needs no rule
poem bby youssef aa
I won't eat anything instead
Here it is; water & bread!
Last night doctor told my dad:
'your child needs some protein'
But dad needs his money for
Some more drug & heroin.
We were penniless, dad was sad,
Poverty made him truly mad.
poem bby youssef aa
Addiction came and kindness went.
Our home is a carton tent!
In fact only God can mend
My wounds with the looks he sends.
I'm the child of poverty,
Hunger is my only friend.
to all the hunger children on the earth... matin
1 hate this grinding poverty To toil, and pinch, and borrow,
And be for ever haunted bu
The spectre of to-morrow.
It breaks the strong heart of a man,
It crushes out his spiritä??
Do what he will, do what he can,
However high his merit!
1 hate the praise that Want has got
From preacher and from poct,
The cant of those who know it not
To blind the men who know it.
The greatest curse since man had birth,
An everlasting terror:
The cause of half the crime on carth,
The cause of half the error.
a poem from ziad ahmed
some essay by aser shaltoot
“Poverty is the worse of violence’ ’Mahatma Gandhi. Poverty
can be defined as the lack of access to basic needs, such as
food, shelter, clothing, and education. People who are poor
cannot get education due to a lack of money, and so they
remain unemployed. Poverty is the inability to fulfill the basic
needs of a family, including food, shelter, clothing, and
education. Besides poor literacy, malnutrition, unemployment,
and unemployment, it can also lead to other problems. Lack of
money prevents poor people from getting an education, so they
remain unemployed. Without enough & nutritious food, an
unemployed person's family's health declines. Weak people are
less likely to perform well at work. Unemployed people remain
poor. Therefore, poverty is the root cause of all other problems.
Long periods of civil war have exacerbated poverty in some
countries, especially in Africa like Somalia. The reason is that all
resources and money are going to war instead of public welfare.
Natural disasters such as cyclones are common in Indian,
Pakistani, and Bangladeshi countries. The result is an increase in
poverty. A poor family's life is impacted by poverty. In addition, a
person who is poor is unable to take adequate food & nutrition,
thereby reducing his capacity to work. He becomes poorer due to
a reduced ability to work. Children from poor families do not
receive proper nutrition or schooling.
THANK YOU!
https://www.nber.org/digest/jan05/economics-world-war-ihttps://www.iwm.org.uk/history/voices-of-the-first-world-war-life-on-the-home-front https://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/life-at-home-during-the-war/the-war-economy/finance-and-war-production/
01
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Transcript
integrated project
by: abdelrahman sameh dr.aser shaltoot omar elhakim ziad ahmed dr.youssef haitham 10c
INDEX
biology
Health
Math
English
History
Arabic
click on which subject you wish to go
French
hookworm infection
Hookworm is a parasite that infects the intestines. Hookworm larvae (eggs) enter through your skin. Once they reach the intestine, they hatch. As the name implies, hookworms have a hook-like head that attaches to the intestinal walls. Hookworm disease is widespread in many parts of the world. As many as 740 million people worldwide have hookworm disease.
01
parasites
there will be no images for the sake of your life
A parasite is an organism that needs to live on or inside another organism (animal or human). The parasite relies on its host (the creature it lives in or on) to survive. Hookworms are parasites that live inside the intestines. There, they feed on blood from the intestinal wall, mature and lay eggs.
how does a person get infected
Hookworm disease affects children and adults. It is most common in warm, humid and tropical locations. It’s especially common in places lacking indoor sanitation.
People who live in warm climates in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation are more at risk of developing hookworm infections.
You can become infected with hookworms by coming into contact with soil that contains their larvae. The larvae enter your skin, travel through your bloodstream, and enter your lungs. They are carried to your small intestine when you cough them out of the lung and swallow. Fully grown, they can live in your small intestine for a year or more before passing through your feces.
how series can hookworms be
The gastrointestinal tract is the tract from the mouth to the anus which includes all the organs of the digestive system in humans and other animals.
If you have a hookworm infection that lasts a long time, you could become anemic. Anemia is characterized by a low red blood cell count, which can contribute to heart failure in severe cases. Anemia results from hookworms feeding on your blood. You’re more at risk of having severe anemia if you also don’t eat well, are pregnant, or have malaria. Most people infected with hookworms have no symptoms. Some have gastrointestinal symptoms, especially persons who are infected for the first time.
treatment side effects
duration
ways of treatment
Anthelmintic drugs (pharmaceuticals that eliminate parasitic worms from the body), including albendazole and mebendazole, are the most common form of treatment.
he average duration of treatment for an infection is 1-3 days. The medications recommended appear to be effective with few side effects.
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, stomach pain, gas or rash
prevention overall
and how this speaks to the poor
prevention
Wearing shoes outside. Don't touch contaminated soil with your skin. Don't eat food that could be contaminated. Keep your hands away from dog poop (especially in parks, where you may not know if other people's pets have hookworm).
Preventing heartworm infection with heartworm preventive medication that also protects against hookworm infection is the best strategy, especially if feces are removed from your yard daily.
Hookworm infection
places with most infections.
places where hookworms are most common
Thanks!
and now we leave you with nazareyat dr aser shaltoot
Health
poverty
S T A R T
what is poverty
health systems
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
LOW INCOME STATUSCOMMUNITY-ORIENTED PRIMARY CARE (COPC) COMMUNITY RESPONSIVE CARE
what is poverty
Poverty is a major cause of ill health and a barrier to accessing health care when needed. This relationship is financial: the poor cannot afford to purchase those things that are needed for good health, But, the relationship is also related to other factors related to poverty,
Ill health, in turn, is a major cause of poverty. This is partly due to the costs of seeking health care, which include not only out-of-pocket spending on care both of the breadwinner, but also of family members who may be obliged to stop working or attending school to take care of an ill relative. In addition, poor families coping with illness might be forced to sell assets to cover medical expenses, borrow at high interest rates or become indebted to the community.
health systems
No Krispy Kreme for the poor
Strong health systems improve the health status of the whole population, but especially of the poor among whom ill health and poor access to health care tends to be concentrated, as well as protect households from the potentially catastrophic effects of out-of-pocket health care costs. In general, poor health is disproportionately concentrated among the poor.
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
Poverty occurs when an individual or family lacks the resources to provide life necessities, such as food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. It also includes a lack of access to such resources as health care, education, and transportation. Nearly one-third of Egyptians fall below the poverty line, with the unemployment rate trending higher than extremely impoverished countries such as Ghana, Lebanon and Zimbabwe. In 2011, lasting poverty rates and poor living conditions caused Egyptian retaliation against the government. Political instability has complicated Egypt’s foreign partnerships since that time, subsequently affecting all areas of the economy;
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND LOW-INCOME STATUS
the Egyptian government succeeded in obtaining a loan from the International Monetary Fund in 2016. While there might be uncertainties for the future of the loan, it is certainly aiding the nation in the return of tourists. Research on Egypt’s travel and tourism show promising signs of continued recovery,
LOW INCOME STATUS
The term “low income” generally describes individuals and families whose annual income is less than 130-150% of the federal poverty income level.\Poverty and low-income status are associated with various adverse health outcomes, including shorter life expectancy, higher infant mortality rates, and higher death rates for the 14 leading causes of death.
poverty and health
These social factors have a more significant collective impact on health and health outcomes than health behavior, health care, and the physical environment
how does health get affected by poverty
Low-income communities also contend with other structural challenges that contribute to higher rates of obesity and chronic disease, including less access to fresh foods; a higher density of fast-food restaurants; and a built environment that is not conducive to physical activity, with less open space and fewer parks and sidewalks. As a result, poor adults have higher rates of obesity and are less likely to meet guideline-recommended levels of physical activity, compared to other adults.
Thank you!
History project
presentation
INDEX
effects on poverty during ww1
01
09
05
what is poverty
QUOTE
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the life of people
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inflation
conflict
poor health systems
lack of education
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11
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hunger
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lack of reserves
regards
MAPS
what is poverty
How do you envision poverty? The image probably represents the life of someone who has no food to eat, lives in a shabby house, or does not have a home at all. And they probably can’t afford to buy the goods and services you normally take for granted The most basic definition of poverty is a lack of sufficient resources for food, clean water, shelter, and clothing. But in today’s world, that can be extended to include access to health care, education and even transportation
ww1 and poverty
During ww1 the war had staggering costs that affected everyone around the continent. during 1914-1918, the government had to cut most of the population's living costs and had to adjust the line of poverty. the war affected about 66% of Europe's population. which was devastating for the people and since they wouldn't be able to cover their basic needs in life. Trade was nearly cut off. people lived with what the country produced, in France, the country lost 14% percent of its industrial output on raw materials. Sugar was scarce and people suffered.
continued
Reductions in food reserves and rationing of key foods have been a constant feature of the winter of 1915. Calls to save food, firewood, salt, oil, flour and bread became a daily companion to the war. Important foods and bread were soon rationed. A series of orders followed as market prices rose and butcher shops closed. Wheat flour was no longer available. Because of many additives, bread became less digestible, 'flat and crumbly',
In 1914, the exchange rate of the German mark to the American dollar was about 4.2 to one. Nine years later, it was 4.2 trillion to one.
The rate of inflation in the war was huge: prices rose on average by 100 % per year
inflation in germany
PEOPLE
However, Germany lost the war and was forced to repay the Allies huge debts and reparations under the Treaty of Versailles. Germany struggled to survive in increasingly absurd conditions as the government commissioned 130 printing companies to print ever more worthless currency. Waiters had to climb onto tables every half hour to announce new menu prices and workers brought wheelbarrows, sacks, and suitcases to work to collect wages. One distracted employee found his suitcase had been stolen with his wages thrown inside
During World War I, the German government printed unbacked currency and borrowed money to finance military expenditures, causing inflation that spiralled out of control. In the end, the strategy was to pay off the debts by capturing resource-rich territories and imposing reparations on the vanquished Allies.
Great britain
Some panic buying and hoarding of food occurred during the early months of the war. In addition, when Germany began adopting a policy of 'unrestricted submarine warfare,' the amount of supplies reaching Britain declined. Full rationing was finally introduced in Britain in 1918. Key foodstuffs like sugar, meat, butter, cheese and margarine were now apportioned more fairly, but before that people had to go from 5 am to other towns just to get meat.
Food shortages were one of the main effects of the war on civilians. Agriculture felt the strain of war; production declined and prices rose.
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+ the life of people in their perspective
Great britain
harry smith: At the beginning we had very little shortage, because we had plenty of food. But afterwards it became very, very serious. All we had was a ration of, oh, I can’t remember the bread. I remember it was something very dark and very… it didn’t taste like bread at all. There was no milk – we did have some milk, we had Carnation milk, or something like that, which was really on ration. The three adults with me really went short, to give it to me. Because I remember I used to say, ‘Don’t you have some?’ ‘No, no we don’t want it.’ And of course I was having the best. I was the only child, you see. In Britain, the increasing shortages resulted in goods being unevenly distributed. When a shop had new stock in, everyone rushed to buy up what they could. If you didn’t get there quickly, you missed out.
Some found a way round the shortages
continued jane cox
I can remember lining up for potatoes. Meat, that didn’t worry us because we never had plenty of meat. Fruit, we’d have fruit once a week, so those shortages didn’t worry us. Margarine was four pence a pound. When my boyfriend come home with his, he had the naval uniform you know, he was like a petty officer. And he’d go to the shops and he’d get a little bit more, you see. My mother always relied on him coming home!
In the united states
Americans certainly had a serious sweet tooth. This is evident in comparing the different nations’ consumption of sugar. In 1916, Americans ate an astonishing 85 pounds of sugar per person a year! In comparison, the British consumed 40 pounds, the French 37 pounds, and the Germans only 20 pounds
People did many of the things we hear about today during the First World War, such as eating local, going wheatless, eating more fruits and vegetables, and reducing their consumption of white sugar. The United States Food Administration, established in 1917 and headed by Herbert Hoover, worked to convince Americans to change their eating habits in order to feed the military and starving civilians in Europe. This included conserving wheat, meat, sugar, and fats, so those items could be sent overseas.
diseases in ww1
In 1915, a febrile illness called trench fever first appeared among soldiers in Flanders. This condition is sometimes referred to as "pyrexia." The symptoms of trench fever recurred in five-day cycles. At the time, the cause of the disease was unknown. Trench foot was another serious and common problem during the war, especially during the winter of 1914-15, when over 20,000 of the Allied forces suffered from it. There were millions of rats in the trenches, which could produce up to 900 young a year, despite efforts to eradicate the population. At the end of the war, 74,000 Allied troops were believed to have contracted the disease.
- Ceri Gage, Curator of Collections at the Army Medical Services Museum in Aldershot, says that infection posed one of the greatest medical risks.
“A simple cut to a finger from cleaning your gun or digging a trench could quite quickly become infected and develop into pneumonia,” she says.education during ww1
The history of schools during the First World War was largely ignored by historians until recently. In recent years, a number of monographs have begun to fill the void. These monographs vary in quality and depth. They focus on different national contexts, with one exception. Nevertheless, the scholarship provides a basic account of how American schools operated during the war, aside from Russia. In particular, this paper examines how and to what extent schools mobilized their students, both in the classroom through war lessons and outside the classroom as volunteers.
countries in education
Almost all combatant countries experienced disruptions in education during the war, as army armies requisitioned school houses for use as hospitals, as well as a large number of teachers enlisting in the military. Every school also organized its students for warwork and taught about the war in the classroom. ruptidisruptions, war work, and wartime curricula differed widelyombatant states. Personnel shortages in Central Europe were worse than in Allied nations. Compared with English-speaking combatant states, the war was more integrated into the curricula in German-speaking France, Germany, and Austria-Hungary. There were food shortages and coal shortages in Central Europe, which led to school closures and weakened teachers and students. In states that were engaged in education reform before 1914, the war tended to accelerate the implementation of progressive changes.
throught Europe
All over Europe, teachers responded to the war with loyalty to their nations. In the early weeks and months of the war, many male teachers eligible for military service enlisted. As a result of their education, Australia and Germany showed a greater interest in enlisting. In Great Britain, France, and Canada, enlistments were influenced primarily by a sense of duty to defend a liberal and democratic government, particularly after German atrocities were exposed in the fall of 1914. The number of eligible male teachers serving in the military ranged from one-third to two-thirds by 1916, depending on the country.
Schoolchildren often became indisciplined and sick due to overcrowded rooms. As a result, many schools instituted half-day or one-third-day sessions, and instructors were given more responsibilities in Germany, where over 80 percent of the teachers were men and two thirds of them were serving in the military. Female teachers could not ease the disruption because it was forbidden in Prussia to teach coed or all-boy classes. An emergency measure lifted the rule in 1916, but did little to ease the burden. As a result of severe shortages of food and coal, the remaining teachers, almost all of whom worked double shifts, were weak. Due to shortages, German schoolchildren missed weeks, and in some cases months, of school in the last years of the war.
more work less money
schools
children were used for everything
By comparison, schools in Italy, France, Great Britain, Australia, Canada, and the U.S. performed better. Women constituted 60 to 80 percent of the teaching profession in these countries, so conscription did not deplete their ranks as deeply as in the German-speaking states. The Allied states also did not experience serious malnutrition among teachers and children. However, in the last war winters, absences rose to 25 to 50 percent in France and Germany. The reason children were absent was that they were taking care of their siblings or they stayed away to earn money, scavenge and beg for food, or to greet fathers, brothers, uncles, and friends when they returned on military leave. There have been complaints from teachers and administrators in France, Germany, and Great Britain that student achievement has declined. Due to truancy, the absence of fathers, the need for many schoolchildren to work on farms due to so many young men gone, the decline had a lot to do with disruptions to schooling.
HOW DID POVERT AFFECT THE INDUSTRY IN WW1
U.S. involvement in the war first resulted in Europeans purchasing U.S. goods for the war, and later the U.S. joined in. Rockoff writes that the long period of U.S. neutrality made conversion to wartime economics easier than it would have been otherwise. "Already at war, the United States added real plants and equipment, exactly where they would be called upon once it joined the war, in response to demands from other countries"
and half a million joined the government. As a result of new manufacturing jobs and the military draft, unemployment fell from 7.9 percent to 1.4 percent during this period.
in the US
As of 1900, Rockoff estimates that the United States spent approximately $32 billion on World War I, or 52 percent of the country's gross national product. Funding for the U.S. war effort was financed in the following ways: 22 percent through taxes, 58 percent by borrowing from the public, and 20 percent by printing money. The War Revenue Act of 1917 gradually increased the rate of taxation on excess profits; -- profits above the rate of return on capital calculated in a base period -- from 20 to 60 percent. The tax rate on income over $50,000 increased from 1.5 percent in 1913-15 to over 18 percent in 1918. In the meantime, Treasury Secretary William Gibbs McAdoo peddled war bonds, even enlisting Hollywood stars and Boy Scouts.
organizing wartime production
One of the greatest economic surprises of the war was the military’s near-insatiable demand for vast quantities of artillery shells. Armies expended them by the millions in the great barrages and siege-like battles on the Western Front, and no Allied economy was organized to produce shells in anything near the quantities required.
Canada’s Minister of Militia and Defence, Sam Hughes, initially established a Shell Committee to coordinate production, but its failure to deliver on contracts led to angry recriminations between Canada and Britain and widespread rumours of corruption.
VIDEO 1
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presentation
Math and poverty
PRESS START
poverty
LEVEL 1 OF 9
Efforts to alleviate world poverty in the last few decades have proven hugely successful. Today, just 10 percent of the world is living in extreme poverty, a huge improvement from 29 in 1995 and a third of the percentage. Behind every statistic is a real person facing challenges. In addition to economic strains, poverty affects feelings of worth and mutes the voices of the poor. These nine world poverty statistics can seem overwhelming, but real change is happening in some of the most remote parts of our world.
#1. Globally, 10 percent of the world is living on less than $2 a day.
LEVEL 2 OF 9
That’s just over 700 million people living on less than $1.90 a day, the World Bank’s international line for extreme poverty. A third of the entire urban population is living in a slum, which are unsafe or unhealthy homes in a crowded city. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 41 percent of the population is living at less than $1.90. Those experiencing poverty to this extent can often feel a lack of control over their own outcomes and circumstances. However, in the year 1996, 59 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa was living in extreme poverty. Although the region is still facing conflict, natural disasters, and more, they are steadily progressing.
Less than half of rural populations (45 percent) have the knowledge and resources to manage their own health by washing their hands with soap and water.
LEVEL 2 OF 9
UNICEF reports that the simple practice of washing your hands can reduce preventable (and in many cases, deadly) diseases by 40 percent. The behavior is the most effective and affordable hygiene practice that a community can undertake. But, those experiencing extreme poverty often lack this knowledge and the clean water to effectively practice hand washing.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
That’s tens of millions of young children in the world who miss out on their education. In total for children under the age of 17 years, the number increases to 263 million (1 in 5 children). According to the World Bank, Africa has experienced rapid increases in school enrollments, with total net enrollment of children in primary school expanding from just 55 percent in 1995 to 74 percent by 2012. Still, literacy rates are lowest among young women in South Asia and in West and Central Africa.
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
We see here the ten-year changes in the poverty rate for periods of (possibly overlapping) country growth of between 8 and 9 percent per year. For such fast-growing countries, the poverty reduction was fastest when the midperiod poverty rate was 50 percent. For countries with poverty rates around 10 or 90 percent, the pace of progress was roughly half.
LEVEL 4 1/3 OF 9
#3. Globally in 2016, over 63 million children ages 6-11 years old were not attending school.
Here we see the share of worldwide population which is in poverty — defined as household income of no more than $1.90 per day For the first half of the nineteenth century, progress in poverty reduction was relatively slow. Over those 50 years, this poverty rate fell three percentage points or less than one percentage point every 15 years. Then, from 1850 to 1990, progress was reasonably steady but for the periods of world war, falling more than 34 percentage points — or about one percentage point every four years.
LEVELS ACHIEVED
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Next
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EST.2021
english project
a poem by abdelrahman
people sit and think people sit and think how can i make a link how can i make a link between the greedy i sit and cross the street and the needy and comes one asking for meat while the child waits to eat I gaze at him and reach for my pocket the rich is replete my hands are bare and he gives me a stare poverty poverty poverty he then laughs and says I will end you murderously "come beg with me at clair's" did you forget who you are a thing loved by the populace but hated by the mob
poem bby youssef a7
Child Of Poverty It's so strange. They speak about it. Pizza! burgers! chicken! meat! I don't know what 'delicious' means! I don't know what 'over weighting' is! I just know what'skinny' is Everyone calls me like this. My food is great, wonderful! Eating this way needs no rule
poem bby youssef aa
I won't eat anything instead Here it is; water & bread! Last night doctor told my dad: 'your child needs some protein' But dad needs his money for Some more drug & heroin. We were penniless, dad was sad, Poverty made him truly mad.
poem bby youssef aa
Addiction came and kindness went. Our home is a carton tent! In fact only God can mend My wounds with the looks he sends. I'm the child of poverty, Hunger is my only friend. to all the hunger children on the earth... matin
1 hate this grinding poverty To toil, and pinch, and borrow, And be for ever haunted bu The spectre of to-morrow. It breaks the strong heart of a man, It crushes out his spiritä?? Do what he will, do what he can, However high his merit! 1 hate the praise that Want has got From preacher and from poct, The cant of those who know it not To blind the men who know it. The greatest curse since man had birth, An everlasting terror: The cause of half the crime on carth, The cause of half the error.
a poem from ziad ahmed
some essay by aser shaltoot
“Poverty is the worse of violence’ ’Mahatma Gandhi. Poverty can be defined as the lack of access to basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, and education. People who are poor cannot get education due to a lack of money, and so they remain unemployed. Poverty is the inability to fulfill the basic needs of a family, including food, shelter, clothing, and education. Besides poor literacy, malnutrition, unemployment, and unemployment, it can also lead to other problems. Lack of money prevents poor people from getting an education, so they remain unemployed. Without enough & nutritious food, an unemployed person's family's health declines. Weak people are less likely to perform well at work. Unemployed people remain poor. Therefore, poverty is the root cause of all other problems. Long periods of civil war have exacerbated poverty in some countries, especially in Africa like Somalia. The reason is that all resources and money are going to war instead of public welfare. Natural disasters such as cyclones are common in Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi countries. The result is an increase in poverty. A poor family's life is impacted by poverty. In addition, a person who is poor is unable to take adequate food & nutrition, thereby reducing his capacity to work. He becomes poorer due to a reduced ability to work. Children from poor families do not receive proper nutrition or schooling.
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https://www.nber.org/digest/jan05/economics-world-war-ihttps://www.iwm.org.uk/history/voices-of-the-first-world-war-life-on-the-home-front https://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/life-at-home-during-the-war/the-war-economy/finance-and-war-production/
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