Domestic Policy in the German Empire

#21221

DOMESTIC POLICY IN THE GERMAN EMPIRE

Enemies of the Reich

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The Constitution and Political Parties

-Constitution of the second empire similar to the North German Confederation

-Constitution kept short, didn't include a catalog of fundamental rights

-Prussian king was Emperor of Germany

• commander-in-duty of the armed forces
• appointed Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor

Federal council: together with the Reichstag made the laws

• Prussia had the most votes, being the most powerful state

Reichstag: elected by universal male suffrage age 25 and older

• could propose laws ( and decide on the budget )
• could be dissolved by Royal decree
• variety of political parties were represented

The Constitution and Political Parties

-Constitution of the second empire similar to the North German Confederation

-Constitution kept short, didn't include a catalog of fundamental rights

-Prussian king was Emperor of Germany

• commander-in-duty of the armed forces
• appointed Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor

Federal council: together with the Reichstag made the laws

• Prussia had the most votes, being the most powerful state

Reichstag: elected by universal male suffrage age 25 and older

• could propose laws ( and decide on the budget )
• could be dissolved by Royal decree
• variety of political parties were represented

The Constitution and Political Parties

-Constitution of the second empire similar to the North German Confederation

-Constitution kept short, didn't include a catalog of fundamental rights

-Prussian king was Emperor of Germany

• commander-in-duty of the armed forces
• appointed Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor

Federal council: together with the Reichstag made the laws

• Prussia had the most votes, being the most powerful state

Reichstag: elected by universal male suffrage age 25 and older

• could propose laws ( and decide on the budget )
• could be dissolved by Royal decree
• variety of political parties were represented

The Constitution and Political Parties

-Constitution of the second empire similar to the North German Confederation

-Constitution kept short, didn't include a catalog of fundamental rights

-Prussian king was Emperor of Germany

• commander-in-duty of the armed forces
• appointed Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor

Federal council: together with the Reichstag made the laws

• Prussia had the most votes, being the most powerful state

Reichstag: elected by universal male suffrage age 25 and older

• could propose laws ( and decide on the budget )
• could be dissolved by Royal decree
• variety of political parties were represented

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

KULTURKAMPF

What measures did Bismarck take to attack Catholism and the Centre Party?

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

-November 1871, first Anti-Catholic law, getting rid of the Roman Catholic department of the German ministry of Culture, lessening Catholic political influnce

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

KULTURKAMPF

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

-November 1871, first Anti-Catholic law, getting rid of the Roman Catholic department of the German ministry of Culture, lessening Catholic political influnce

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Measures: -Bismarck attempts to strengthen the authority of the state by : Pulpit Law -dissolving Catholic religious order -placing schools under state supervision -forbidding priests to speak about state affairs in their sermons -reforming the training of priests -compulsory civil marriage

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

KULTURKAMPF

Bismarck vs. The Centre Party

Question : Influnce of the Church on the state

-November 1871, first Anti-Catholic law, getting rid of the Roman Catholic department of the German ministry of Culture, lessening Catholic political influnce

Alliance with the National Liberal Party, with whom he shared a distrust of the Catholics.

• he believed they were more loyal to the pope than to the state and the liberals championed secularism: a win-win

Measures: -Bismarck attempts to strengthen the authority of the state by : Pulpit Law -dissolving Catholic religious order -placing schools under state supervision -forbidding priests to speak about state affairs in their sermons -reforming the training of priests -compulsory civil marriage

Dogma of Papal Infallibility : Pope securing his authority in matters of faith

• uproar among Protestants and Catholics
• Bismarcks refusal of the Popes demands to dismiss all ecclesiastical civil servants, who had refused to acknowledge the Popes stance in this matter

=attack towards Catholism and the Centre Party

Centre Party labelled as an Enemy of the Reich

-had to take back almost all of his legislations against the Church-sucess of the Centre Party at the the poles All in all, relationship with the Centre Party damaged and he could never fully rely on their support again

KULTURKAMPF

Bismarck vs. The Socialists

-accused of being disloyal to the Reich -their programme could be described as anti-capitalist -two assasination attempts on the life of the Emperor -managed to convience the Reichstag to finally pass the so-called Anti-Socialist-laws

Bismarck vs. The Socialists

-accused of being disloyal to the Reich -their programme could be described as anti-capitalist -two assasination attempts on the life of the Emperor -managed to convience the Reichstag to finally pass the so-called Anti-Socialist-laws

Bismarck vs. The Socialists

-accused of being disloyal to the Reich -their programme could be described as anti-capitalist -two assasination attempts on the life of the Emperor -managed to convience the Reichstag to finally pass the so-called Anti-Socialist-laws

• socialist associations and trade unions were banned as well as assemblies and the partys press publications
• social democrats could be banished from the individual federal states
• school reforms as measure to supress socialist ideas

Bismarck vs. The Socialists

-accused of being disloyal to the Reich -their programme could be described as anti-capitalist -two assasination attempts on the life of the Emperor -managed to convience the Reichstag to finally pass the so-called Anti-Socialist-laws

• socialist associations and trade unions were banned as well as assemblies and the partys press publications
• social democrats could be banished from the individual federal states
• school reforms as measure to supress socialist ideas

• teaching loyalty to the crown and Germany
• obedience to the state order through changing the curricula
• state supervision

Bismarck vs. The Socialists

-accused of being disloyal to the Reich -their programme could be described as anti-capitalist -two assasiation attempts on the life of the Emperor -managed to convience the Reichstag to finally pass the so-called Anti-Socialist-laws

• socialist associations and trade unions were banned as well as assemblies and the partys press publications
• social democrats could be banished from the individual federal states
• school reforms as measure to supress socialist ideas

NEVERTHELESS : people could still vote for the party -gained increasing numbers of seats in the Reichstag, despite the supression

• teaching loyalty to the crown and Germany
• obedience to the state order through changing the curricula
• state supervision

Policy of Germanization

Along with the Catholics and Socialists, Jews and Poles were also targeted by Bismarck -Settlement law of 1886 : set up by Otto von Bismarck to expand land possession fot German peasants -Polish and Jewish inhabitants were expelled from the eastern provinces of prussia = Discrimination for those who stayed

Laws were enacted to restrict Polish culture, religion, language, and rights to property

• polish wasnt taught in schools
• forced to learn german = policy of germanization