ADJECTIVES

GRAMMAR LESSON

adjectives

Pay attention

Start

3- Comparatives/ superlatives

2- Adjective or adverb

1- Where?

ÍNDICE

5- Intensifiers and mitigators

4- Order

01

Where?

Where do adjectives go in a sentence?

Before a noun or after some verbs (link verbs: look, seem, appear, to be, become, feel, remain, sound...)

Adjective or adverb?

02

adjective or adverb?

pART 2

When do we use an adjective or an adverb?

ADJECTIVES. Normally finish in -ed or -ing. (word formation) Before a noun or after linking verbs (sound, to be, become, feel, look, remain) ADVERBS. Normally ending in -ly or -ily. Describe verbs, adjectives or adverbs. EXCEPTIONAL CASES. Fast (adjective): That's a fast car. Fast (adverb): She walks fast. Early (adjective): She was early for the meeting. Early (adverb): He arrived early. Late (adjective): He is always late! Late (adverb): He got up late this morning ('lately' is also an adverb but means 'recently').

exercise 2

exercise 1

pART 2

When do we use an adjective or an adverb?

Good (adjective): That is a good book. Well (adverb): She did well on the exam ('well' can also be an adjective; see below). Hard (adjective): Maths is hard! Hard (adverb): She tried hard ('hardly' is also an adverb, but means 'almost none'; see below). There are also some adjectives that end in 'ly' and don't have an adverb form. Instead we use 'in a ---way'. These are friendly, lovely, lonely, lively, and silly. He talked to me in a friendly way. Good / well 'Well' can be confusing because it is both the adverb form of 'good', and an adjective that means 'healthy and fine'. My mother is well ('well' is an adjective that means 'healthy and fine'). He did the work well ('well' is an adverb meaning 'in a good way'). Of course, we also use 'good' as an adjective. This meal is good! He can speak good German. Hard / hardly 'Hard' is both an adjective and an adverb. The table is hard (= adjective, meaning 'not soft' or 'difficult'). She works hard (= adverb, meaning 'with a lot of effort'). 'Hardly' is also an adverb, but it means 'almost nothing' or 'almost none'. She hardly works (= she does almost no work). I have hardly any money (= I have almost no money). Late / lately 'Late' is an adjective and an adverb. There is also an adverb 'lately', which means 'recently'. I'm late (= adjective, meaning 'not on time'). He came late (= adverb, meaning 'not on time'). I've been working a lot lately (= an adverb meaning 'recently').

03

Comparatives and superaltives

comparatives and superlatives

comparatives and superlatives

exercise

ADJECTIVES WITH BOTH STRUCTURES AS POSSIBLE

SIMPLE COMMON NARROW GENTLE PLEASANT CLEVER CRUEL LIKELY NARROW POLITE

Irregular comparatives and superaltives

PART 4

OPINION (Always before facts)

ORDER

SIZE, LENGTH, HEIGTH

AGE/ SHAPE

SHAPE/ AGE

COLOUR

NATIONALITY

MATERIAL

PURPOSE

PART 5

Intensifiers and mitigators always go before the adjective

WITH COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES. much older far better quite a bit bigger by far the most expensive

MITIGATORS: QUITE, A BIT, RATHER, JUST A LITTLE BIT. With a normal adjective, makes it softer: quite bad With a strong adjective, means absolutely: quite awful

CHANGE FOR A STRONG ADJECTIVE very big - enormous/huge very good- excellent/ ideal/ splendid/ wonderful very bad- awful, dreadful, disgusting, terrible

COLLOCATIONS highly intelligent/ highly successful bitterly unhappy/ bitterly cold dangerously hot/ dangerously damaged

ADJECTIVES AS INTENSIFIERS utter nonsense complete idiot

Well done!

¡Lesson learnt!