What is language

UNDERSTAND ENGLISH

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wHAT IS LANGUAGE?

Let's clarify...

GRAMMAR

GRAMMAR

COMMUNICATION

PRONUNCIATION

VOCABULARY

VOCAB

PRON

PRON

VOCAB

Grammar

In linguistics, the grammar is the set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The correct use of grammar indicates that an individual is well educated, attentive, and professional. In contrast, poor grammar contributes to the perception that one is careless or unqualified for a professional position. ... Good grammar and clear sentences suggest respect.

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Vocabulary

Acquiring an extensive vocabulary is one of the most significant challenges in learning a second language.

Vocabulary is a set of familiar words within a person's language. A vocabulary, usually developed with age, serves as a valuable and fundamental tool for communication and receiving knowledge.

Pronunciation

Bad pronunciation:

• May be confusing and hard to understand for those who listen to you
• Gives the impression that you are uneducated
• Doesn’t allow you to become a good public speaker

Good pronunciation and a neutral accent:

• Allows you to become a pleasant communicator
• Is a good basis for public speaking
• Will enable you to enjoy speaking more
• Give you confidence, and your confidence in turn opens all sorts of opportunities for you.

Stress-timed Language

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GRAMMAR

The Basics

Parts of Speech

A noun is anything…a person, people, things or objects, places or ideas.

NOUNS

• Common or Proper - house, Mary
• Collective nouns - Police
• Countable / Uncountable - office, time
• Concrete / abstract - wall, freedom

A pronoun is a word or a group of words that one may substitute for a noun or noun phrase.

PRONOUNS

• Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person - I, you, her, we, they

• Possessive pronoun indicates possession - mine, yours, his, hers, ours, its
• Indefinite pronouns does not have a specific familiar referent - everybody, no one, someone

A pronoun is a word or a group of words that one may substitute for a noun or noun phrase.

• Indefinite pronouns does not have a specific familiar referent - everybody, no one, someone
• Relative pronouns join modifying information about an antecedent - which, that, whose

• Reflexive pronouns refer to a previously mentioned noun - myself, yourself, ourselves
• Reciprocal pronouns are used when members of a group perform the same action relative to one another - each other

PRONOUNS

An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a noun phrase or describes its referent. Example: The scariest villain of all time is Darth Vader. They can also act as a complement to linking verbs or the verb to be. Example: Driving is faster than walking.

ADJECTIVES

A determiner is a word, phrase, or affix that occurs together with a noun or noun phrase.

DETERMINERS

• definite or indefinite: the, a or an
• closer or more distant: this, that, these, those
• belonging to a person/thing; my, your, their
• number/quantity: six, many, both, all, no
• distributive: each, any
• interrogative: which

A verb is a word conveys an action, an occurrence, or a state of being.

VERBS

• Action: bring, read, walk, learn
• Occurance: happen, become
• State: be, exist, stand

An adverb is a word or an expression that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, determiner, clause, preposition, or sentence.

ADVERBS

Adverbs typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, level of certainty, etc., answering questions such as how?, in what way?, when?, where?, and to what extent?.

A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence.

PREPOSITIONS

by... with.... about... until (by the tree, with our friends, about the book, until tomorrow)

A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.

and... but... or... while... because

CONJUNCTIONS

• A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses, and indicates the relationship between the elements joined.
• Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically equal elements: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet.
• Subordinating conjunctions connect clauses that are not equal: because, although, while, since, etc. There are other types of conjunctions as well.

An interjection is a word used to express emotion.

Oh!... Wow!... Oops!

INTERJECTIONS

An interjection is a word used to express emotion. It is often followed by an exclamation point.

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher, and then she quickly disappeared. Oh my!

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